Education, Empowerment, and Control is about the education of the Palestinian Arab minority in Israel from the establishment of the state of Israel to the present. Using a comparative approach, the study throughout juxtaposes Arab and Hebrew educational systems in terms of administration, resources, curricula contents, and returns. Developments in education are analyzed in conjunction with wide demographic, economic, and sociopolitical changes.
Al-Haj explores the expectations of the Palestinian community on the one hand and dominant groups on the other, showing that whereas Palestinians have seen education as a source of empowerment, government groups have seen it as a mechanism of social control. The book also sheds light on the wider issue of education and social change among developing minorities in the postcolonial era. Al-Haj examines modernization, underdevelopment, and control in order to delineate the role education plays among a national minority that is marginalized at the group level and denied access to the national opportunity structure. List of Figures
List of Tables
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Theoretical Framework
· The Positivist Approach
· The Conflict Approach
1 General Background: Demographic, Social, Economic, and Political Aspects
· The Ottoman and the British Mandate Periods
· The Palestinian Arabs after the Establishment of the State of Israel
· Demographic Changes
· Social Change
· Social Localization
· Economic Delocalization
· Political Marginalization
2 Education in the Ottoman and the Mandatory Periods
· The Ottoman Period
Curriculum
The Private School System
· The Mandatory Period
Formal Policy
Hebrew Education
Higher Education
3 Arab Education after the Establishment of Israel: Administrative Issues
· Changes over Time
· The Stand of the Arab Population
· Official Involvement of the Arab Population
· Druze Education
· Bedouin Education
4 Institutions and Pupils
· Major Developments
· Secondary Schools
· Pupils
· Co-education
· Vocational Education
· Private Schools
5 Physical and Educational Facilities
· School Buildings
· Educational Facilities
· Educational Gaps among Arab Localities
· Mixed Cities—The Case of Jaffa
· The Non-Recognized Villages
· Arab Bargaining and Government Response
6 Policy, Goals, and Curricula
· Assimilation versus Segregation
· Goals, Curricula, and Textbooks (1949-1974)
· Curricula Aims
History
Arabic in Arab Schools
Hebrew in Arab Schools
Hebrew in Hebrew Schools
Arabic in Hebrew Schools
Religion
· Restating Goals and Curricula for Arab Schools (1975-1990)
· The New Curricula
History
Arabic
Hebrew
Civics
Religion
7 Teachers and Social Control
· Major Developments
· Teacher's Training
· Women in the Education System
· Status and Conditions
· Teachers and Control
· Military Government
· Jewish Teachers
· Security Classification
· Professional Organization
· Political Organization
· Teachers and Education for Political Involvement
·Democratization of the Arab Schools
8 Higher Education
· Major Developments
· Religion and Educational Attainment
· Employment Situation
· Work Status
· Formal Policy toward the Employment of University Graduates
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