Holodomor and Gorta Mór

Christian Noack, Lindsay Janssen And Vincent Comerford

Description

A comparative study of how the historical experiences of famine were translated into narratives that supported political claims for independent national statehood in Ireland and Ukraine.

Ireland’s Great Famine or ‘an Gorta Mór’ (1845–51) and Ukraine’s ‘Holodomor’ (1932–33) occupy central places in the national historiographies of their respective countries. Acknowledging that questions of collective memory have become a central issue in cultural studies, this volume inquires into the role of historical experiences of hunger and deprivation within the emerging national identities and national historical narratives of Ireland and Ukraine. In the Irish case, a solid body of research has been compiled over the last 150 years, while Ukraine’s Holodomor, by contrast, was something of an open secret that historians could only seriously research after the demise of communist rule. This volume is the first attempt to draw these approaches together and to allow for a comparative study of how the historical experiences of famine were translated into narratives that supported political claims for independent national statehood in Ireland and Ukraine. Juxtaposing studies on the Irish and Ukrainian cases written by eminent historians, political scientists, and literary and film scholars, the essays in this interdisciplinary volume analyse how national historical narratives were constructed and disseminated – whether or not they changed with circumstances, or were challenged by competing visions, both academic and non-academic. In doing so, the essays discuss themes such as representation, commemoration and mediation, and the influence of these processes on the shaping of cultural memory.

List of Figures; Acknowledgements; Introduction: ‘Holodomor and Gorta Mór: Histories, Memories and Representations of Famine in Ukraine and Ireland’ – Christian Noack, Lindsay Janssen and Vincent Comerford; PART I: HISTORIES, HISTORIOGRAPHY AND POLITICS: Chapter 1: ‘Holodomor in Ukraine 1932–1933: An Interpretation of Facts’ – Stanislav V. Kulchytskyi (Translated from Russian by Christian Noack); Chapter 2: ‘Ethnic Issues in the Famine of 1932–1933 in Ukraine’ – David R. Marples; Chapter 3: ‘Grievance, Scourge or Shame? The Complexity of Attitudes to Ireland’s Great Famine’ – Vincent Comerford; PART II: PUBLIC COMMEMORATION: Chapter 4: ‘History and National Identity Construction: The Great Famine in Irish and Ukrainian History Textbooks’ – Jan Germen Janmaat; Chapter 5: ‘Teaching Hunger: The Great Irish Famine Curriculum in New York State Schools’ – Maureen O. Murphy; Chapter 6: ‘Remembering Famine Orphans: The Transmission of Famine Memory between Ireland and Quebec’ – Jason King; Chapter 7: ‘The Irish Famine and Commemorative Culture’ – Emily Mark-FitzGerald; PART III: TRAUMA AND VICTIMISATION: Chapter 8: ‘Holodomor and the Politics of Memory in Ukraine after Independence’ – Heorhiy Kasianov (Translated from Russian by Christian Noack); Chapter 9: ‘The Great Irish Famine in Stories for Children in the Closing Decades of the Twentieth Century’ – Celia Keenan; Chapter 10: ‘Collective Trauma in a Feature Film: “Golod-33” as One-of-a-Kind’ – Olga Papash (Translated from Russian by Christian Noack); PART IV: NEW SOURCES AND NEW APPROACHES TO THE IRISH AND UKRAINIAN FAMINES: Chapter 11: ‘In Search of New Sources: Polish Diplomatic and Intelligence Reports on the Holodomor’ – Jan Jacek Bruski (Translated from Polish by Alicja Waligóra-Zblewska and Christian Noack); Chapter 12: ‘Oral History, Oral Tradition and the Great Famine’ – Maura Cronin; Chapter 13: ‘Mapping Population Change in Ireland 1841–1851: Quantitative Analysis Using Historical GIS’ – Mary Kelly, A. Stewart Fotheringham and Martin Charltoni; Index

Sujets

• History of Europe

Informations

• Publié par: Anthem Press
• Date de parution: 15 novembre 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780857282231
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 14 Mo

Extrait

Holodomor and Gorta MórAdvance Reviews
‘Holodomor and Gorta Mór is the frst sustained comparison of two of the most
devastating famines in modern European history. By assembling a team of
international experts, the editors probe the complex construction of cultural
memories of famine in Ireland and the Ukraine. The result is a fascinating
collection that will be essential reading for scholars in history, literature and
cultural studies.’
—Dr Enda Delaney, School of History, Classics & Archaeology,
University of Edinburgh
‘Writing from broadly diverse vantage points and engaging a variety of
competing interpretations of two events that are so different yet so similar,
the contributors achieve an amazing effect: historical memory, stripped of its
ritualised conventional forms is alive and burning once again, and raises new
questions.’
—Dr Ilya Gerasimov, founder and Executive Editor of ‘Ab Imperio’
‘Both the Ukraine and Ireland were devastated by great famines of appalling
scale and intensity. These historical traumas, and how they were handled by
two very different societies, make for compelling reading. Holodomor and Gorta
Mór is a pioneering work in parallel histories that opens new vistas on Irish
and Ukrainian studies, and indeed on the handling of famine memory more
generally. Theoretically sophisticated and resting on deep learning, this
multiauthored volume is also characterised by a humane concern for the victims of
famine, the survivors and their descendants.’
—Professor Liam Kennedy, Queen’s University Belfast
‘The essays in this pioneering collection provide unexplored comparisons
between two wide-scale European famines in contexts of imperialism,
politicization and nationalism. They offer transnational, interdisciplinary
perspectives on two formative episodes in the colonial past of Europe,
thereby contributing signifcantly to current scholarly debates on trauma,
historiography, memory and popular culture.’
—Marguérite Corporaal, principal investigator of the ERC-project ‘Relocated
Remembrance: The Great Famine in Irish (Diaspora) Fiction,
1847–1921’, Radboud University Nijmegen, the NetherlandsHolodomor and Gorta Mór
Histories, Memories
and Representations of Famine
in Ukraine and Ireland
Edited by
Christian Noack, Lindsay Janssen
and Vincent ComerfordAnthem Press
An imprint of Wimbledon Publishing Company
www.anthempress.com
This edition frst published in UK and USA 2012
by ANTHEM PRESS
75-76 Blackfriars Road, London SE1 8HA, UK
or PO Box 9779, London SW19 7ZG, UK
and
244 Madison Ave. #116, New York, NY 10016, USA
© 2012 Christian Noack, Lindsay Janssen and Vincent Comerford
editorial matter and selection; individual chapters © individual contributors
The moral right of the authors has been asserted.
Cover photo: The Kiev Famine Memorial, 2012, courtesy of Olga Papash
All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above,
no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or introduced into
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means
(electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise),
without the prior written permission of both the copyright
owner and the above publisher of this book.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Holodomor and Gorta Mór : histories, memories and representations of famine in Ukraine
and Ireland / edited by Christian Noack, Lindsay Janssen and Vincent Comerford.
pages : illustrations, maps ; cm
Some articles translated from Russian and Polish.
Papers of the conference held at Maynooth on November 6–7, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-85728-557-7 (hardcover : alkaline paper)
1. Ukraine–History–Famine, 1932–1933–Congresses. 2. Ireland–History–
Famine, 1845–1852–Congresses. 3. Famines–Ukraine–20th century–History–Congresses.
4. Famines–Ireland–19th century–History–Congresses. 5. Ukraine–History–Famine, 1932–
1933–Historiography–Congresses. 6. Ireland–History–Famine, 1845–1852–
Historiography–Congresses. I. Noack, Christian. II. Janssen, Lindsay. III.
Comerford, Vincent.
DK508.8374.H654 2012
941.5081–dc23
2012033890
ISBN-13: 978 0 85728 557 7 (Hbk)
ISBN-10: 0 85728 557 2 (Hbk)
This title is also available as an eBook.CONTENTS
List of Figures vii
Acknowledgements ix
Introduction Holodomor and Gorta Mór: Histories, Memories and
Representations of Famine in Ukraine and Ireland 1
Christian Noack, Lindsay Janssen and Vincent Comerford
Part I Histories, Historiography and Politics
Chapter 1 Holodomor in Ukraine 1932–1933:
An Interpretation of Facts 19
Stanislav V. Kulchytskyi (Translated from Russian
by Christian Noack)
Chapter 2 Ethnic Issues in the Famine of 1932–1933 in Ukraine 35
David R. Marples
Chapter 3 Grievance, Scourge or Shame? The Complexity
of Attitudes to Ireland’s Great Famine 51
Vincent Comerford
Part II Public Commemoration
Chapter 4 History and National Identity Construction: The Great
Famine in Irish and Ukrainian History Textbooks 77
Jan Germen Janmaat
Chapter 5 Teaching Hunger: The Great Irish Famine
Curriculum in New York State Schools 103
Maureen O. Murphy
Chapter 6 Remembering Famine Orphans: The Transmission
of Famine Memory between Ireland and Quebec 115
Jason Kingvi HOLODOMOR AND GORTA MÓR
Chapter 7 T he Irish Famine and Commemorative Culture 145
Emily Mark-FitzGerald
Part III Trauma and Victimisation
Chapter 8 Holodomor and the Politics of Memory in
Ukraine after Independence 167
Heorhiy Kasianov (Translated from Russian by Christian Noack)
Chapter 9 The Great Irish Famine in Stories for Children
in the Closing Decades of the Twentieth Century 189
Celia Keenan
Chapter 10 Collective Trauma in a Feature Film: Golod-33 as
One-of-a-Kind 197
Olga Papash (Translated from Russian by Christian Noack)
Part IV New Sources and New Approaches
to the Irish and Ukrainian Famines
Chapter 11 In Search of New Sources: Polish Diplomatic and
Intelligence Reports on the Holodomor 215
Jan Jacek Bruski (Translated from Polish by Alicja
Waligóra-Zblewska and Christian Noack)
Chapter 12 Oral Histor y, Oral Tradition and the Great Famine 231
Maura Cronin
Chapter 13 Mapping P opulation Change in Ireland 1841–1851:
Quantitative Analysis Using Historical GIS 245
Mary Kelly, A. Stewart Fotheringham and Martin Charlton
Index 269LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 6.1 Théophile Hamel, Le Typhyus (Notre-Dame-
de-Bon-Secours Chapel/Museum Marguerite-
Bourgeoys, 1848) 125
Figure 7.1 Elizabeth McLaughlin, County Famine Memorial
Garden (Roscommon, Co. Roscommon, 1999) 151
Figure 7.2 Maria Pizzuti, Broken Heart (Limerick, Co.
Limerick, 1997) 152
Figure 7.3 Action from Ireland-sponsored Famine monument
(Swinford, Co. Mayo, 1994) 153
Figure 7.4 The Western New York Irish Famine Memorial (Buffalo,
New York, 1997) 157
Figure 7.5a An Gorta Mór Hibernian Memorial (Irish Hills,
Michigan, 1994) 158
Figure 7.5b Southern Tier Irish Famine Memorial
(Olean, New York, 2000) 159
Figure 7.6 Eamonn O’Doherty, Great Hunger Memorial (Ardsley
[Westchester County], New York, 2001) 160
Figure 10.1 Oles Yanchuk, Death of the mother, still from
Golod-33 (1991) 203
Figure 10.2 Oles Yanchuk, Peasants approaching the mill where the
sequestered grain is stored, still from Golod-33 (1991) 206
Figure 13.1 GIS map per cent population change 250
Figure 13.2 GIS map per cent of cropped land in each ED 1851 251
Figure 13.3 GIS map valuation per acre 252viii HOLODOMOR AND GORTA MÓR
Figure 13.4 GIS map population density on cropped land 1841 253
Figure 13.5 GIS map percentage of crop land under wheat 254
Figure 13.6 crop land under oats 255
Figure 13.7 GIS map percentage of crop land under potatoes 256
Figure 13.8 crop land under meadow 257
Figure 13.9 GIS map distance to the coast 258
Figure 13.10 GIS map workhouse accessibility 259
Figure 13.11 GWR local parameter estimates for mean elevation 263
Figure 13.12 tes for percentage
grain on cropped land 264ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This project, like any other, would have been impossible to achieve without
the active support of many individuals and institutions. Margaret Kelleher
in Ireland, Guido Hausmann in Germany and Andryi Portnov in Ukraine
were extremely generous in their advice when we were looking for interested
international experts to participate in the conference on which this volume is
based.
The Department of History at the National University of Ireland,
Maynooth, the Centre for the Study of a Wider Europe, and An Foras Feasa:
The Institute for Research in Irish Historical and Cultural Traditions provided
the inst