Basic Principles of an Operating System

Rathee Dr. Priyanka

Description

A basic guide to learn Design and Programming of operating system in depth Key features Easy to read and understand Covers the topic in-depth Good explanation of concepts with relevant diagrams and examples Contains a lot of review questions to understand the concepts Clarification of concepts using case studies The book will help to achieve a high confidence level and thus ensure high performance of the reader DescriptionAn operating system is an essential component of computers, laptops, smartphones and any other devices that manages the computer hardware. This book is a complete textbook that includes theory, implementation, case studies, a lot of review questions, questions from GATE and some smart tips. Many examples and diagrams are given in the book to explain the concepts. It will help increase the readability and understand the concepts.The book is divided into 11 chapters. It describe the basics of an operating system, how it manages the computer hardware, Application Programming interface, compiling, linking, and loading. It talks about how communication takes place between two processes, the different methods of communication, the synchronization between two processes, and modern tools of synchronization. It covers deadlock and various methods to handle deadlock.It also describes the memory and virtual memory organization and management, file system organization and implementation, secondary storage structure, protection and security. What will you learnThe proposed book will be very simple to read, understand and provide sound knowledge of basic concepts. It is going to be a complete book that includes theory, implementation, case studies, a lot of review questions, questions from GATE and some smart tips. Who this book is forBCA, BSc (IT/CS), MTech (IT/CSE), BTech (CSE/IT), MBA (IT), MCA, BBA (CAM), DOEACC, MSc (IT/CS/SE), MPhil, PGDIT, PGDBM. Table of contents1. Introduction and Structure of an Operating System2. Operating System Services3. Process Management4. Inter Process Communication and Process Synchronization5. Deadlock6. Memory Organization and Management7. Virtual Memory Organization8. File System Organization and Implementation9. Secondary Storage Structure10. Protection and Security11. Case Study About the authorDr Priyanka currently works as an Assistant Professor in the Departmentof Computer Science & Engineering, National Institute of TechnologyHamirpur (H.P). In the past she has worked in University of Delhi. Shereceived her PhD degree in 2018, M.Tech. degree (Computer Engineering)in 2011, and B.Tech. degree (Honors) in Computer Science andEngineering in 2008. She has published many research papers and bookchapters in reputed national and international journals and conferences,including papers in IEEE Xplore, and SCI paper in wireless personalcommunication. She received two best paper and presentation awards ininternational conferences. Currently, she is serving as a Chairperson atIEEE Young Professional Delhi Section. Her LinkedIn profile: www.linkedin.com/in/priyanka-rathee-31066667

Sujets

• Informatique
• Operating system
• Système d'exploitation

Informations

• Publié par: BPB Publications
• Date de parution: 04 novembre 2019
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9789388511001
• Langue: English

Extrait

Basic Principles of an Operating System
Learn the Internals and Design Principles
by
Dr. Priyanka Rathee
FIRST EDITION 2019
Copyright © BPB Publications, INDIA
ISBN: 978-93-88511-71-1
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication can be stored in a retrieval system or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publishers
LIMITS OF LIABILITY AND DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
The Author and Publisher of this book have tried their best to ensure that the programmes, procedures and functions described in the book are correct. However, the author and the publishers make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programmes or the documentation contained in the book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event of any damages, incidental or consequential, in connection with, or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of these programmes, procedures and functions. Product name mentioned are used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective companies.
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Dedicated to
My Parents, Brothers and My Amiable Husband
Preface
Operating system is essential component of computers, laptops, smart phones and any other devices. The operating system is a program that manages the computer hardware. It plays a role of intermediary among computer user and the computer hardware (CPU, memory, etc.). The primary goal of an operating system is to establish an environment where a user can easily interact with the computer to execute a program in a convenient and efficient manner. It works as a resource allocator.
This book is basically going to be a complete text book that includes theory, implementation, case studies, lots of review questions, questions from GATE and some smart tips. Better and easy understanding of the concepts. In support of it a number of examples and diagrams are given in the book to explain the concepts. It will increase the readability and concept understanding for the readers. Key features: The strength of the book includes easy reading and understanding, in-depth covering of topic, explanation with relevant diagrams and examples, contains lots of review questions for clarity of the concept, Clarification of concepts using case studies. The book will help to achieve high confidence level and thus high performance of the reader.
The book is organized into 11chapters
Chapter 1: Introduction and structure of Operating system
This chapter describes the basics of operating system. What does operating system is all about? History of operating system, its components and goals are given in this chapter. This chapter also includes the description of architecture of operating system. The hardware and software components of operating system are also explored and discussed in this chapter. Along with these concepts an overview of machine language, assembly language and high level language is also presented with inclusion of generations of computers.
Chapter 2: Operating system services
The operating system is a program that manages the computer hardware. It plays a role of intermediary among computer user and the computer hardware (CPU, memory, etc.). The primary goal of an operating system is to establish an environment where a user can easily interact with the computer to execute a program in a convenient and efficient manner. It works as a resource allocator. IBM played a vital role to produce the concept of an operating system. The secondary goal of an operating system is to maintain efficiency.
This chapter describes the Application Programming interface, compiling, linking and loading. Design issues of operating system are also covered in this chapter. The types of operating system, basic features of operating system and interrupts are also explained under this chapter.
Chapter 3: Process management
In this chapter, we will get to know about processes, scheduling algorithms, threads, what thread is, how threads are implemented? We talked about various models of threads. This chapter also discussed the issues that are faced in using threads.
Chapter 4: Inter-process communication and process synchronization
This chapter gives an idea about how communication takes place between two processes, what are the methods of communication, how synchronization between two processes are achieved and modern tools of synchronization.
Chapter 5: Deadlock
When two or more processes are waiting on some event to happen which never happens when those processes are said to be involved in the deadlock. This chapter discusses the conditions to occur deadlock and various methods to handle deadlock.
Chapter 6: Memory organization and management
Memory is a large array of words or bytes each with its own address. CPU fetches instructions from memory according to the value of the program counter. Each process has a separate memory space. This chapter presents a various memory management and placement strategies. The concept of paging and segmentation is also given in this chapter.
Chapter 7: Virtual memory organization
The basic memory management techniques suffer from limited memory space. One of its solutions is large memories but it is very expensive. Another solution is to create an illusion that more memory exists. This is the basic idea of virtual memory. This chapter includes various methods to organize virtual memory. This chapter also addresses some issues occurred in virtual memory organization.
Chapter 8: File system organization and implementation
This chapter covers the concept of file, its organization and implementation. The chapter discusses various file access methods, directory structure, file allocation methods, UNIX i-node implementation etc.
Chapter 9: Secondary storage structure
In this section, we will discuss the basics of disk management. On a disk, we can perform two operations, read and write. What will be the status on outcome of the read and write operation? The three outcomes are possible: Successful read or write: Operations are done fruitfully Partially successful read or write: Some of the disk data is falling on a bad sector. Unsuccessful read or write.
Chapter 10: Protection and security
The main security issues are reliability and protection. Reliability is the prevention of information from physical damage. This can be achieved by duplicating the copies of files. Protection is related to improper access of files. The two extreme policies regarding file access are either does not permit file access to other users or provide full access without any access restrictions. But these two are quite general approaches. The more specific approach is controlled access. In this approach, access is granted on the basis of the type of access requested. The various operations on a file like read, write, execute, delete, append, rename, list, copy etc. may be controlled.
Chapter 11: CASE study
This chapter covers the basic concept of UNIX, its features, architecture, shell programming, elementary UNIX/LINUX commands and some features of mobile operating systems
Acknowledgment
Doing this project was wonderful and challenging experience for me. During the period, many people have given their precious and invaluable support to me either directly or indirectly in shaping up my academic career. Without their support, it was hardly possible for me to complete this book writing work smoothly.
I would like to express sincere gratitude to BPB Publications for giving me this opportunity and believing in me. I would like to express my thanks to Tayyab Khan for helping me in developing content.
My highest gratitude goes to my parents, brothers, and specially to my beloved husband Mr. Deepak Singh for their relentless supports, blessing and encouragement. They provide a constant source of motivation in my life.
Dr. Priyanka Rathee
About the Author
Dr Priyanka currently works as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (H.P). In the past she has worked in University of Delhi. She received her PhD degree in 2018, M.Tech. degree (Computer Engineering) in 2011, and B.Tech. degree (Honors) in Computer Science and Engineering in 2008. She has published many research papers and book chapters in reputed national and international journals and conferences, including papers in IEEE Xplore, and SCI paper in wireless personal communication. She received two best paper and presentation awards in international conferences. Currently, she is serving as a Chairperson at IEEE Young Professional Delhi Section.
Her LinkedIn profile: www.linkedin.com/in/priyanka-rathee-31066667
Table of Content
Preface
Acknowledgment
About the Author
1. Introduction and Structure of Operating System
1.1 What is Operating System?
1.2 History of Evolution of Operating System
1.3 Operating System Environments
1.4 Operating System Components and Goals
1.4.1 Core Operating System Components
1.4.2 Operating System Goals
1.5 Operating System Architecture
1.5.1 Monolithic Architecture
1.5.2 Layered Architecture
1.5.3 Microkernel Architecture
1.6 Hardware and Software Concepts
1.6.1 Evolution of Hardware Devices
1.6.2 Hardware Components
1.6.3 Hardware support for operating sy