Atlas of Normal Radiographic Anatomy and Anatomic Variants in the Dog and Cat - E-Book

Ian D. Robertson, Donald E. Thrall

Description

• NEW! Companion website features additional radiographic CT scans and more than 100 questions with answers and rationales.
• NEW! Additional CT and 3D images have been added to each chapter to help clinicians better evaluate the detail of bony structures.
• NEW! Breed-specific images of dogs and cats are included throughout the atlas to help clinicians better understand the variances in different breeds.
• NEW! Updated material on oblique view radiography provides a better understanding of an alternative approach to radiography, particularly in fracture cases.
• NEW! 8.5" x 11" trim size makes the atlas easy to store.

Sujets

• Veterinary Medicine
• Medical
• Médecine

Informations

• Publié par: Saunders
• Date de parution: 14 septembre 2015
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780323312776
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 8 Mo

Extrait

Atlas of Normal Radiographic Anatomy & Anatomic Variants in the Dog and Cat
SECOND EDITION
DONALD E. THRALL, DVM, PhD, DACVR (Radiology, Radiation Oncology)
Clinical Professor
Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, North Carolina
Quality Control, Radiologist
VDIC-IDEXX Telemedicine Consultants
IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.
Clackamas, Oregon
IAN D. ROBERTSON, BVSc, DACVR
Clinical Professor
Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences
College of Veterinary Medicine
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, North Carolina
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Preface
Acknowledgments
The Images
Chapter 1 Basic Imaging Principles and Physeal Closure Time
How to Use This Atlas
What Is Normal?
Why Are Computed Tomography Images Included in This Atlas?
Radiographic Terminology
Viewing Images
Standard Projections
Oblique Projections
Physeal Closure
Reference
Skeletal Maturation Data Compiled from the Following Sources:
Chapter 2 The Skull
Overview
Dentition
Nasal Cavity and Sinuses
Temporomandibular Joints and Tympanic Bullae
The Mandibles and Larynx
References
Chapter 3 The Spine
Cervical Spine
Thoracic Spine
Lumbar Spine
Sacral Spine
Caudal Spine
References
Chapter 4 The Thoracic Limb
The Scapula and Brachium
The Elbow Joint
Antebrachium
Carpus
Manus
References
Chapter 5 The Pelvic Limb
Pelvis
Femur and Stifle
Tibia and Fibula
Pes
References
Chapter 6 The Thorax
Left Lateral View
Right Lateral View
Dorsoventral View
Ventrodorsal View
Thoracic Wall
Mediastinum
Trachea and Bronchi
Esophagus
Heart
Lung
Diaphragm
References
Chapter 7 The Abdomen
Liver
Spleen
Pancreas
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Prostate Gland
Urethra
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Miscellaneous
References
Index
Color Plate
Copyright

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ATLAS OF NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY AND ANATOMIC VARIANTS IN THE DOG AND CAT, SECOND EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-31225-7
Copyright 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).

Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
Previous edition copyrighted 2011.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Thrall, Donald E., author.
[Atlas of normal radiographic anatomy & anatomic variants in the dog and cat]
Atlas of normal radiographic anatomy and anatomic variants in the dog and cat / Donald E. Thrall, Ian D. Robertson.-Second edition.
p. ; cm.
Preceded by Atlas of normal radiographic anatomy & anatomic variants in the dog and cat / Donald E. Thrall, Ian D. Robertson. c2011.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-323-31225-7 (hardcover : alk. paper)
I. Robertson, Ian D. (Ian Douglas), 1958- , author. II. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Cats-anatomy & histology-Atlases. 2. Dogs-anatomy & histology-Atlases. 3. Radiography-veterinary-Atlases. SF 767.D6]
SF757.8
636.089'607572-dc23
2015012557
Content Strategy Director: Penny Rudolph
Senior Content Development Specialist: Courtney Sprehe
Publishing Services Manager: Jeff Patterson
Project Manager: Lisa A. P. Bushey
Manager, Art & Design: Teresa McBryan
Printed in the United States of America.
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Preface
Becoming a proficient diagnostic radiologist is a long journey. Specialty training leading to board certification entails at least 4 years of post-DVM structured learning, followed by a rigorous multistage examination. However, board-certified radiologists make up only a small fraction of all veterinarians who interpret radiographs each day. Most radiographic studies are interpreted by competent veterinarians whose training in image interpretation has been limited to relatively few contact hours of didactic instruction and supervised clinical training. All of these veterinarians, as well as students who are just beginning to develop their interpretive skills, must have a solid appreciation for normal radiographic anatomy, anatomic variants, and things that mimic disease, which are affectionately termed fakeouts by those of us who spend our lives interpreting images.
The vastness of normal variation within dogs and cats is staggering. Although the generic cat is relatively standard, dogs come in all shapes and sizes, with innumerable inherent variations that can be misinterpreted as disease unless recognized as normal. On top of this inherent variation is the variation introduced by radiographic positioning that can lead to countless variations in the appearance of a normal structure. During their training, specialists have this information drilled into them during many hours of mentored learning and brow-beating by experienced radiologists. Nonspecialists, on the other hand, may have had some introduction to normal radiographic anatomy during veterinary school, but the acuity of recall becomes dulled by the sheer volume of memory-bank information needed to be a competent, licensed, contemporary veterinarian. During one's education as a student, it is impossible to be exposed to the range of normal that is likely to be encountered in practice and then influenced by radiographic positioning. Therefore there is a real need for a reference source for practicing veterinarians and students to assist them in the daunting task of interpreting clinical radiographs competently. This need led to the development of this atlas.
In this book, we have not only pointed out the identity of essentially every clinically significant anatomic part of a dog or cat that can be seen radiographically, we have also included more than one example of those parts where normal inherent variation can confuse interpretation. Simply labeling structures in radiographs of a generic dog or cat is highly inadequate in addressing the mission of providing a clinically relevant resource. Additionally, this atlas includes context relevant to the description of normal anatomy that only a radiologist can provide. Normal is presented in the context of how it is modified by the procedure of making the radiograph. Although this is not a radiographic positioning guide, specific technical factors have been included to the extent that their influence on the image is so great that they must be understood for the image to be interpreted accurately.
Finally, this book is not simply a picture atlas. Every body part is put into context with a textual description. This provides a basis for the reader to understand why a structure appears as it does in radiographs, and it enables the reader to appreciate variations of normal that are not included based on an understanding of basic radiographic principles. This may require a bit of effort from the reader in comparison to a picture atlas, but this small investment of time has the potential for a big payoff in terms of interpretive ability.
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge the many dedicated, inquisitive, and intelligent veterinary students and radiology residents at North Carolina State University whose innumerab