Lyphadenctomy, An Issue of Urologic Clinics

Reza Ghavamian

Description

This volume of the Urologic Clinics covers the indications, controversies, and complications of Lymphadenectomy in Urologic Oncology. Cancer of the prostate, bladder, testicles, and kidney are covered, along with new imaging modalities and complications of open and minimally invasive lymphadenectomy.

Sujets

• Medical
• Médecine
• Urology

Informations

• Publié par: Saunders
• Date de parution: 28 novembre 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781455712496
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Urologic Clinics of North America , Vol. 38, No. 4, November 2011
ISSN: 0094-0143
doi: 10.1016/S0094-0143(11)00101-7

Contributors List
Urologic Clinics of North America
Lymphadenectomy in Urologic Oncology: Indications, Controversies and Complications
Reza Ghavamian, MD
Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
ISSN  0094-0143
Volume 38 • Number 4 • November 2011

Contents
Cover
Contributors List
CME Accreditation Page and Author Disclosure
Forthcoming Issues
Preface
The History and Anatomy of Urologic Lymphadenectomy
Role of Lymphadenectomy for Prostate Cancer: Indications and Controversies
Lymphadenectomy for Bladder Cancer: Indications and Controversies
Feasibility of Minimally Invasive Lymphadenectomy in Bladder and Prostate Cancer Surgery
The Role of Lymph Node Dissection in Renal Cell Carcinoma
The Emerging Role of Lymphadenectomy in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
The Role of Lymphadenectomy for Testicular Cancer: Indications, Controversies, and Complications
Minimally Invasive Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Testicular Cancer
Lymphadenectomy in Penile Cancer
Novel Imaging Modalities for Lymph Node Imaging in Urologic Oncology
Lymphadenectomy in Urologic Oncology: Pathologic Considerations
Role of Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Lymph Nodes in Urologic Malignancies
Complications of Lymphadenectomy in Urologic Surgery
Index
Urologic Clinics of North America , Vol. 38, No. 4, November 2011
ISSN: 0094-0143
doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2011.09.010

CME
CME Accreditation Page and Author Disclosure

Goal Statement
The goal of Urologic Clinics of North America is to keep practicing urologists and urology residents up to date with current clinical practice in urology by providing timely articles reviewing the state of the art in patient care.

Accreditation
The Urologic Clinics of North America is planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and Policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint sponsorship of the University of Virginia School of Medicine and Elsevier. The University of Virginia School of Medicine is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The University of Virginia School of Medicine designates this enduring material activity for a maximum of 15 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit (s) ™ for each issue, 60 credits per year. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
The American Medical Association has determined that physicians not licensed in the US who participate in this CME enduring material activity are eligible for a maximum of 15 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit (s) ™ for each issue, 60 credits per year.
Credit can be earned by reading the text material, taking the CME examination online at http://www.theclinics.com/home/cme , and completing the evaluation. After taking the test, you will be required to review any and all incorrect answers. Following completion of the test and evaluation, your credit will be awarded and you may print your certificate.

Faculty Disclosure/Conflict of Interest
The University of Virginia School of Medicine, as an ACCME accredited provider, endorses and strives to comply with the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) Standards of Commercial Support, Commonwealth of Virginia statutes, University of Virginia policies and procedures, and associated federal and private regulations and guidelines on the need for disclosure and monitoring of proprietary and financial interests that may affect the scientific integrity and balance of content delivered in continuing medical education activities under our auspices.
The University of Virginia School of Medicine requires that all CME activities accredited through this institution be developed independently and be scientifically rigorous, balanced and objective in the presentation/discussion of its content, theories and practices.
All authors/editors participating in an accredited CME activity are expected to disclose to the readers relevant financial relationships with commercial entities occurring within the past 12 months (such as grants or research support, employee, consultant, stock holder, member of speakers bureau, etc.). The University of Virginia School of Medicine will employ appropriate mechanisms to resolve potential conflicts of interest to maintain the standards of fair and balanced education to the reader. Questions about specific strategies can be directed to the Office of Continuing Medical Education, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
The faculty and staff of the University of Virginia Office of Continuing Medical Education have no financial affiliations to disclose.
The authors/editors listed below have identified no professional or financial affiliations for themselves or their spouse/partner:
Riley E. Alexander, MD, MBA; Christopher L. Amling, MD; Fiona C. Burkhard, MD; Brett Carver, MD; Brian F. Chapin, MD; Liang Cheng, MD; Scott E. Delacroix, Jr, MD; Stephanie Donley, (Acquisitions Editor); Mathew T. Gettman, MD; Simon Horenblas, MD, PhD; Jeffrey C. La Rochelle, MD; Daniel J. Lewinshtein, MD; Thomas J. Pugh, MD; Farhang Rabbani, MD; Beat Roth, MD; Joel Sheinfeld, MD; Urs E. Studer, MD; Ming-Tse Sung, MD; Tatum Tarin, MD; Christopher J. Weight, MD; Steve K. Williams, MD; Christopher G. Wood, MD; and Pascal Zehnder, MD.
The authors/editors listed below identified the following professional or financial affiliations for themselves or their spouse/partner:
Victoria Chernyak, MD is on the Speakers’ Bureau for Lantheus Medical Imaging.
Andrew K. Lee, MD is employed by M.D. Anderson.
Christopher R. Porter, MD is employed by Virginia Mason Medical Center.
William Steers, MD (Test Author) is employed by the American Urologic Association, is a reviewer and consultant for NIH, and is an investigator for Allergan.
Disclosure of Discussion of Non-FDA Approved Uses for Pharmaceutical Products and/or Medical Devices
The University of Virginia School of Medicine, as an ACCME provider, requires that all faculty presenters identify and disclose any off-label uses for pharmaceutical and medical device products. The University of Virginia School of Medicine recommends that each physician fully review all the available data on new products or procedures prior to clinical use.

To Enroll
To enroll in the Urologic Clinics of North America Continuing Medical Education program, call customer service at 1-800-654-2452 or visit us online at www.theclinics.com/home/cme . The CME program is available to subscribers for an additional fee of $207.00.
Urologic Clinics of North America , Vol. 38, No. 4, November 2011
ISSN: 0094-0143
doi: 10.1016/S0094-0143(11)00103-0

Forthcoming Issues
Urologic Clinics of North America , Vol. 38, No. 4, November 2011
ISSN: 0094-0143
doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2011.07.014

CME
Preface

Reza Ghavamian, MD
Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 3400 Bainbridge Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
E-mail address: [e-mail]


Reza Ghavamian, MD, Guest Editor
The practice of urologic oncology continues to evolve. The last two decades have witnessed a wide expansion of the literature pertaining to urologic malignancies. More recently, there have been surgical advances, notably adoption of minimally invasive methods for many urologic oncologic procedures. Much of the focus has always been on the surgical treatment of local disease. Yet, patterns of spread, dissemination, and metastasis are important considerations in urologic malignancies and have also deservedly been the focus of recent study. Cancer dissemination can occur by one of two route: hematogenously or by the lymphatic system. Lymphatic spread, by many accounts and for many urologic cancers, is considered the first step in systemic dissemination. For the most part, contrary to hematogenous spread and with some distinct exceptions as discussed in this issue of the Urologic Clinics , lymphatic spread occurs along a reasonably predicted route for each organ afflicted.
It is therefore not surprising that lymphadenectomy is an important component of oncologic surgery in most disciplines regardless of the organ in question. Its potential value and role in most urologic malignancies are no different. It can provide important information with regards to the regional extent of the disease. This information can then be utilized to formulate adjuvant treatment strategies and provide prognostic information for patients. With recent advances in radiation therapy and development of effective targeted and chemotherapeutic therapies, potential adjuvant therapies now exist. In addition, recent advances in imaging have led to a better predictive capability in the clinical diagnosis of lymph node involvement and hence the clinical staging of urologic malignancies prior to possible surgical intervention. Imaging also plays a crucial role in the follow-up of the primary tumor and its nodal drainage system. The surgical and medical treatment of the primary tumor can thus be tailored for the individual patient.
The lymphatic drainage system and the importance of the management of the lymph nodes in the curative management of the primary malignancy are understood and established for some urologic cancers more than others. For example, the role and extent of lymphadenectomy and the pattern of lymphatic spread in testicular cancer and to a large extent in penile cancer is established. However, the role of lymphadenectomy and extent of lymphadenectomy are subject to recent debate and some controversy in prostate and bladder cancer. There is less information in the role of lymphadenectom