Radiation Chemistry

Description

This book gives a progress report on the many and original contributions of radiation chemistry to the fundamental knowledge of the vast domain of chemical reactions and its applications. Radiation chemistry techniques indeed make it possible to elucidate detailed physicochemical mechanisms in inorganic and organic chemistry (including in space) and in biochemistry. Moreover, this comprehension is applied in materials science to precisely control syntheses by radiation, such as radiopolymerisation, radiografting, specific treatment of surfaces (textiles, paintings, inks, etc.), synthesis of complex nanomaterials, degradation of environmental pollutants and radioresistance of materials for nuclear reactors.

In life sciences, the study of the effects of radiation on biomacromolecules (DNA, proteins, lipids) not only permits the comprehension of normal or pathological biological mechanisms, but also the improvement of our health. In particular, many advances in cancer radiotherapy, in the radioprotection of nuclear workers and the general population, as well as in the treatment of diseases and the radiosterilization of drugs, could be obtained thanks to this research.

Abundantly illustrated and written in English by top international specialists who have taken care to render the subjects accessible, this work will greatly interest those curious about a scientific field that is new to them and students attracted by the original and multidisciplinary aspects of the field. At a time when radiation chemistry research is experiencing spectacular development in numerous countries, this book will attract many newcomers to the field.

Sujets

• Sciences expérimentales
• Chimie
• Chimie
• Techniques
• Energie et Environnement
• Energie & environnement
• Sciences et techniques
• Chemistry
• Nucléaire
• Science
• Physique
• Physical attractiveness

Informations

• Publié par: EDP Sciences
• Date de parution: 01 mai 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9782759803170
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 6 Mo

Extrait

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Couverture, maquette întérîeure et mîse en page : Thîerry Gourdîn

ïmprîmé en France

ïSBN : 9782759800247

Tous droîts de traductîon, d’adaptatîon et de reproductîon par tous procédés, réservés pour tous pays. a oî du 11 mars 1957 n’autorîsant, aux termes des aînéas 2 et 3 de ’artîce 41, d’une part, que es « copîes ou reproductîons strîctement réservées à ’usage prîvé du copîste et non destînées à une utîîsatîon coectîve », et d’autre part, que es anayses et es courtes cîtatîons dans un but d’exempe et d’îustratîon, « toute représentatîon întégrae, ou partîee, aîte sans e consentement er de ’auteur ou de ses ayants droît ou ayants cause est îîcîte » aînéa 1 de ’artîce 40. Cette représentatîon ou reproductîon, par queque procédé que ce soît, constîtueraît donc une contreaçon sanctîonnée par es artîces 425 et suîvants du code péna.

© EDP Scîences 2008

Contents

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V ï ï List of authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ï X

Part ï / Prîmary radîatîon-înduced phenomena 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

An overview of the radiation chemistry of liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 George V. BUXTON

Tools for radiolysis studies 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James F. WïSHART

The solvated electron : a singular chemical species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Mehran MOSTAFAVï and ïsabee LAMPRE

Water radiolysis under extreme conditions. Application to the nuclear industry 53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gérard BALDACCHïNO and Bernard HïCKEL

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Part ïï / Radîatîon chemîstry mechanîsms and appîcatîons 65 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Molecular formation in the interstellar medium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Nîge J. MASON, Anîta DAWES and Phîîp HOLTOM

Water remediation by the electron beam treatment 79 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Savatore S. EMMï and Erzsébet TAKÁCS

Metal clusters and nanomaterials 97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jacqueîne BELLONï and Hynd REMïTA

Water radiolysis in cement-based materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Pasca BOUNïOL

Obtaining high performance polymeric materials by irradiation . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Xavîer COQUERET

Chapter 10  Radiosterilization of drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Bernard TïLQUïN

Chapter 11  Food irradiation: wholesomeness and treatment control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Jacques RAFFï et Jacky KïSTER

ïïï / Radîatîon damage to bîomoecues, radîoprotectîon and radîotherapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 . .

Chapter 12  Radiation-induced damage to DNA : from model compounds to cell . . . . . . 177 Thîerry DOUKï and Jean CADET

Chapter 13 Mechanisms of direct radiation damage to DNA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Mîchae D. SEVïLLA and Wîîam A. BERNHARD

Chapter 14  Charge motion in DNA 203 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yurî A. BERLïN and Laurens D. A. SïEBBELES

Chapter 15 maintenance mechanisms in response Genome  to radiation-induced DNA damage 219 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eveyne SAGE and Bertrand CASTAïNG

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# O N T E N T S

Chapter 16 radiolysis studies of free radical processes Pulse  in peptides and proteins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chanta HOUÉELEVïN and Krzyszto BOBROWSKï

Chapter 17 Radiation-induced damage of membrane lipids and lipoproteins . . . . . . . . . 249 Monîque GARDESALBERT

Chapter 18 radiation damage distribution in biomolecules Predicting Marîe DAVïDKOVA and Meanîe SPOTHEïM-MAURïZOT

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Chapter 19  Chemical protection against ionizing radiation 277 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caroîne PROUïLLAC, Chrîstîne AMOURETTE and Ghassoub RïMA

Chapter 20 in radiotherapy : new principles Advances Nîcoas FORAY and Jacques BALOSSO

. . . . . . . . . . . . 291 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Index 301 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ÄïïïÄ

Foreword

“’Actuaîté Chîmîque” îs a monthy scîentîic journa meant to convey înormatîon on progress în the chemîca scîences to a pubîc endowed wîth a certaîn abîîty to master scîentîic matters.The artîces were wrîttenby scîentîsts whotook tîme out o theîr aboratorîes to expaîn theîr studîes and theîr knowedge wîth a pedagogy and an appea suîtabe or nonspecîaîsts. Mosty wrîtten în French, ît creates a bond în the chemîca communîty în Frenchspeakîng countrîes where ît îs very much apprecîated by scîentîsts, teachers and engîneers.

However, the scope o the journa împîes some îmîts that we want to erase wîth thîs new coectîon “’Actuaîté Chîmîque – îvres”, whîch wî be compementary în two dîrectîons: the irst one îs îustrated by the present book, as ît addresses readers more specîaîzed than the journa usuay does, and beîng wrîtten în Engîsh, ît has the ambîtîon o attractîng attentîon wordwîde on a ied o chemîstry where recent progress îs noted. The second dîrectîon that wî be ound în the new coectîon îs, în contrast, that o dîssemînatîng the progress o chemîstry or the beneit o a arge, Frenchspeakîng, not necessarîy proessîona pubîc. The irst trend wî produce books that we wî ind în many aboratorîes; books produced accordîng to the second trend wî înstead be argey ound în pubîc îbrarîes, în schoos or even în the homes o scîentîicay curîous peope.

Thîs irst voume o “’Actuaîté Chîmîque – îvres” îs o the irst kînd and devotes îtse toRadiation Chemistry – From basic science to applications in biology and material science.

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Thîs ied o research îs undergoîng a true and ruîtu rejuvenatîon. Aready actîve în the mîd  20th century, the deveopment o thîs scîentîic ied had been somewhat sowed down by the hîgh cost o shortpuse partîce acceerators and specîaîzed constructîon. Recent progress în înstrumentatîone.g.: the shapîng o pîcosecond radîatîon puses, aster tîme resoved detectîon technîques, and poweru moecuar structure determînatîon technîques, has coîncîded to enhance the capacîty o radîatîon chemîstry suIcîenty to warrant new învestments and the start o new aboratorîes. Radîatîon chemîstry today îs responsîbe or major progress în the understandîng o the eementary chemîca event and poweru enough to unrave the mechanîsms o the damage înduced by radîatîon to îvîng matter a questîon o great concern în the pubîc or the transormatîons înduced în îrradîated materîas.

These aspects are deveoped în the book by înternatîonaeve specîaîsts and wî be o înterest to scîentîsts who are startîng în the ied, to more experîenced ones, and aso to students and teachers; ît wî aso be very useu to many proessîonas who appy or dea wîth radîatîon în theîr actîvîtîes to împrove materîas or to avoîd radîatîonînduced damage to them.

ÄK>Ä

Pau RïGNY Chîe Edîtor o “’Actuaîté Chîmîque” March 2008

Preface

Radîatîon chemîstry deas wîth the chemîca reactîons resutîng rom the înteractîon o hîghenergy photons or partîces wîth matter. Such radîatîon possesses energy hîgh enough to înduce îonîsatîon o the components o the materîa and the breakîng and buîdîng o chemîca bonds.

ïn the present voume, our purpose îs to amîîarîse the arger communîtîes o students and chemîsts în other specîaîtîes wîth thîs reatîvey îtteknown but essentîa domaîn o chemîstry. The covered topîcs range rom the basîcs prîmary phenomena and mechanîsms to the broad ieds o theîr appîcatîon. Understandîng radîatîonînduced chemîca and bîochemîca reactîons îs essentîa or împrovîng exîstîng processes and deveopîng new ones.

Thereore we have caed upon înternatîonay recognîzed experts who kîndy agreed to contrîbute to thîs voume wîth cear, înstructîve and pedagogîcay presented chapters abundanty îustrated wîth attractîve coour igures.

The irst chapters o Part ï dea wîth prîmary radîoytîc phenomena and descrîbe recent deveopments at the acîîtîes used to create radîatîonînduced specîes, as we as the most advanced methods or theîr detectîon and study. The mechanîsms o radîatîonmatter înteractîons and theîr consequences or the physîca chemîstry o îquîds and soutîons are dîscussed.

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