Repetitive DNA

Description

The experimental data that have been generated using new molecular techniques associated with the completion of genome projects have changed our perception of the structural features, functional implications and evolutionary dynamics of repetitive DNA sequences. This volume of Genome Dynamics provides a valuable update on recent developments in research into multigene families, centromeres, telomeres, microsatellite DNA, satellite DNA, and transposable elements. Each chapter presents a review by distinguished experts and analyzes repetitive DNA diversity and abundance, as well as the impact on genome structure, function and evolution.This publication is targeted at scientists and scholars at every level, from students to faculty members, and, indeed, anyone involved or interested in genetics, molecular evolution, molecular biology as well as genomics will find it a valuable source of up-to-date information.

Informations

• Publié par: S. Karger AG
• Date de parution: 27 juin 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9783318021509
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Repetitive DNA
Genome Dynamics
Vol. 7
Series Editor
Michael Schmid     Würzburg
 
Repetitive DNA
Volume Editor
Manuel A. Garrido-Ramos     Granada
26 figures, 11 in color, and 1 table, 2012
_________________________
Dr. Manuel A. Garrido-Ramos Departamento de Genética Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Avda. Fuentenueva s/n 18071 Granada (Spain)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Repetitive DNA / volume editor, Manuel A. Garrido-Ramos.
p.; cm. –– (Genome dynamics, ISSN 1660-9263 ; v. 7)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-3-318-02149-3 (hard cover: alk. paper) –– ISBN 978-3-318-02150-9 (e-ISBN)
I. Garrido-Ramos, Manuel A. II. Series: Genome dynamics; v. 7. 1660-9263.
[DNLM: 1. DNA––genetics. 2. Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid. 3. Genomics--methods. W1 GE336DK v.7 2012/QU 58.5]
614.5'81– –dc23
2012014216
Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents ® .
Disclaimer. The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the book is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
© Copyright 2012 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland)
www.karger.com
Printed in Germany on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706) by Bosch Druck GmbH, Ergolding
ISSN 1660-9263
e-ISSN 1662-3797
ISBN 978-3-318-02149-3
e-ISBN 978-3-318-02150-9
 
Contents
Editorial
Schmid, M. (Würzburg)
Preface
Garrido-Ramos, M.A. (Granada)
The Repetitive DNA Content of Eukaryotic Genomes
López-Flores, I.; Garrido-Ramos, M.A. (Granada)
Telomere Dynamics in Mammals
Silvestre, D.C.; Londoño-Vallejo, A. (Paris)
Drosophila Telomeres: an Example of Co-Evolution with Transposable Elements
Silva-Sousa, R.; López-Panadès, E.; Casacuberta, E. (Barcelona)
The Evolutionary Dynamics of Transposable Elements in Eukaryote Genomes
Tollis, M.; Boissinot, S. (Flushing, N.Y./New York, N.Y.)
SINEs as Driving Forces in Genome Evolution
Schmitz, J. (Münster)
Unstable Microsatellite Repeats Facilitate Rapid Evolution of Coding and Regulatory Sequences
Jansen, A. (Heverlee/Leuven); Gemayel, R.; Verstrepen, K.J. (Heverlee)
Satellite DNA Evolution
Plohl, M.; Meštrović, N.; Mravinac, B. (Zagreb)
Satellite DNA-Mediated Effects on Genome Regulation
Pezer, Ž.; Brajković, J. (Zagreb); Feliciello, I. (Zagreb/Napoli); Ugarković, Ð. (Zagreb)
The Birth-and-Death Evolution of Multigene Families Revisited
Eirín-López, J.M. (A Coruña); Rebordinos, L. (Cádiz); Rooney, A.P. (Peoria, Ill.); Rozas, J. (Barcelona)
Chromosomal Distribution and Evolution of Repetitive DNAs in Fish
Cioffi, M.B.; Bertollo, L.A.C. (São Carlos)
Author Index
Abbreviations
Latin Species Names
Subject Index
 
Editorial
As has been clearly stated by the former Series Editor of Genome Dynamics , Jean-Nicolas Volff, this book series aims to provide readers with an up-to-date overview on genome structure and diversity. Therefore, it is a great pleasure to introduce volume 7 entitled ‘Repetitive DNA’. The existence of repetitive DNAs in the genomes of eukaryotes was first recognized in 1961 by Kit [ 1 ] and Sueoka [ 2 ] by virtue of their unique buoyant density in DNA density gradient centrifugation using caesium chloride or caesium sulphate. During the following 50 years, molecular biology revealed an astonishing richness of diverse reiterated DNA classes, such as transposon-derived sequences, inactive retroposed copies of cellular genes, simple sequence repeats, segmental duplications, and large blocks of tandemly repeated sequences [ 3 ]. The importance of repetitive DNAs is underlined by the simple fact that repeated sequences account for more than half of the human genome.
The initial idea to this book was born during a visit at the University of Granada (Spain) where Manuel A. Garrido-Ramos of the Department of Genetics convincingly exposed the need of reviewing more recent research on these fascinating classes of DNA. He has done a remarkable job in selecting and coordinating authorities in the field to write ten chapters covering a wide range of subjects. I express my gratitude to him and all the authors for all the time they invested. The constant support of Thomas Karger with this timely book series is again highly appreciated.
Michael Schmid Würzburg, March 2012
References
1 Kit S: Equilibrium sedimentation in density gradients of DNA preparations from animal tissues. J Mol Biol 1961;3:711-716.
2 Sueoka N: Variation and heterogeneity of base composition of deoxyribonucleic acids: a compilation of old and new data. J Mol Biol 1961;3:31-40.
3 Platzer M: The upcoming genome and its upcoming dynamics; in Volff J-N (ed): Vertebrate Genomes, Genome Dynamics 2. Basel, Switzerland, Karger Publishers, 2006;1-16.
 
Preface
The seventh volume of Genome Dynamics is dedicated to ‘Repetitive DNA’. Eukaryotic genomes are composed of a plethora of different types of DNA sequences repeated from a few to hundreds of thousands times, either dispersed or arranged in tandem. The experimental data compiled by the new molecular techniques associated with the completion of genome projects has led to changes in our understanding of the structural features, functional implications and evolutionary dynamics of these repetitive DNA sequences. These recent developments have opened new insights into the knowledge of mechanisms involved in gene expression, organization, and evolution of multigene families, the fraction of the eukaryotic repetitive DNA which has an undisputedly clear function. Also, we have a comprehensive view today on the structure and functionality of telomeres and centromeres, both composed of repetitive DNA sequences. Additionally, these advances have shed light on the most abundant fraction of repetitive DNA, composed of microsatellite DNA, satellite DNA and, above all, transposable elements. Though not long ago these genomic elements were thought to accumulate as junk or, alternatively, as genomic parasites proliferating for their own benefit, today this early view is changing in most cases. Thus, microsatellite DNAs might facilitate an organism‘s evolvability, satellite DNA transcripts might participate in heterochromatin formation as well as in modulation of gene expression. Also, today there is no doubt about the significant role of mobile elements in shaping the structure and evolution of genes and genomes, generating genetic innovations and regulating gene expression. The present volume offers a timely update of recent developments in the repetitive DNA research, including the study of multigene families, centromeres, telomeres, microsatellite DNA, satellite DNA, and transposable elements.
I would like to thank all authors who have contributed to this volume with their excellent review articles and the referees for their invaluable efforts. I also want to express my gratitude to the Series Editor Dr. Michael Schmid and his team as well as to Karger Publishers for their outstanding assistance during the preparation of this volume.
Manuel A. Garrido-Ramos Granada, March 2012
 
Garrido-Ramos MA (ed): Repetitive DNA. Genome Dyn. Basel, Karger, 2012, vol 7, pp 1–28
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The Repetitive DNA Content of Eukaryotic Genomes
I. López-Flores M.A. Garrido-Ramos
Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes are composed of both unique and repetitive DNA sequences. These latter form families of different classes that may be organized in tandem or may be dispersed within genomes with a moderate to high degree of repetitiveness.The repetitive DNA fraction may represent a high proportion of a particular genome due to correlation between genome size and abundance of repetitive sequences, which would explain the differences in genomic DNA contents of different species. In this review, we analyze rep