In the aftermath of World War II, Paulette Nardal, the Martinican woman most famously associated with the Negritude movement and its founders Aimé Césaire, Léopold Senghor, and Léon Damas during Paris's interwar years, founded the journal Woman in the City. This annotated translation, with an introduction and essay summaries by T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting, collects work from that journal, and presents it in both the original French and in English. Never before translated, these essays represent a lens through which to view the evolution of Nardal's intellectual thought on race, gender, politics, globalization, war, religion, and philosophy. The journal's arrival announced Martinican women entering the public sphere—the city—and from its internationalist perspectives, the world stage where they would take up their responsibilities as citizens of their little island and the greater French Republic. Published from 1945 to 1951, it was, with its Christian humanist undertones and feminist inclinations, the first theologically and philosophically woman-centered liberationist journal in print. Acknowledgments
Introduction: On Race, Rights, and Women T. Denean SharpleyWhiting
Paulette Nardal’s Woman in the City Annotated Translation by T. Denean SharpleyWhiting
1. Woman in the City (January 1945)
2. Setting the Record Straight (February 1945)
3. From an Electoral Point of View (March 1945)
4. Poverty Does Not Wait (May 1945)
5. Martinican Women and Social Action (October 1945)
6. And Now, What Are Our Objectives? (November 1945)
7. To Work (February 1946)
8. Martinican Women and Politics (July 1946)
9. Facing History (October 1946)
10. Abstention: A Social Crime (November 1946)
11. United Nations (January 1947)
12. About a Crime (October 1948)
13. On Intellectual Laziness (November 1948)
14. Editorial (July 1951) Selected Bibliography of Paulette Nardal’s Writings
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Beyond Negritude
SUNY series, Philosophy and Race
Robert Bernasconi and T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting, editors
Beyond Negritude Essays fromWoman in the City
PAULETTE NARDAL Translated with an introduction and notes by T. DENEAN SHARPLEY-WHITING
Published by State University of New York Press, Albany
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.
For information, contact State University of New York Press, Albany, NY www.sunypress.edu
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Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data
Nardal, Paulette, 1896– Beyond negritude : essays from Woman in the city / Paulette Nardal ; translated with an introduction and note by T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting. p. cm. — (SUNY series, philosophy and race) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4384-2947-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4384-2946-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Black race—History. 2. Women, Black—Martinique—Social conditions. 3. Martinique—Politics and government. 4. Women, Black— Intellectual life. I. Sharpley-Whiting, T. Denean. II. Femme dans la cité. III. Title.
HT1581.N37 2009 305.4889607298'2—dc22
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
2009008522
In memory of the intellectual legacy of Paulette Nardal
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Acknowledgments
Contents
Introduction: On Race, Rights, and Women T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting
Paulette Nardal’sWoman in the City Annotated Translation by T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting
1Woman in the City1945) (January
2Setting the Record Straight (February 1945)
3From an Electoral Point of View1945) (March
4Poverty Does Not Wait(May 1945)
5Martinican Women and Social Action (October 1945)
6 And Now, What Are Our Objectives?1945) (November
7To Work1946) (February
8Women and Politics Martinican (July 1946)
9Facing History (October 1946)
10
Abstention: A Social Crime (November 1946)
vii
ix
1
17
25
31
37
43
49
57
63
67
73
viii
11
12
13
14
Contents
United Nations (January 1947)
About a Crime1948) (October
On Intellectual Laziness1948) (November
Editorial1951) (July
Selected Bibliography of Paulette Nardal’s Writings