Here, one of the world's pioneers in the field of masculinity studies explores the construction of male sexuality, pornography, and sexual violence. Michael S. Kimmel analyzes what male sexuality is, where it comes from, how it works, what affects it, pornography's impact on it, what fantasies men have about sex, what people think about sex, and how male ideas about sex affect what men actually do. Provocative and wide-ranging, these essays make important contributions to sociology, queer theory, American studies, history, and studies of gender, sexuality, and gay and lesbian issues. Preface Acknowledgments
I. The Construction of Male Sexual Desire 1 Gendering Desire 2 Masculinity as Homophobia: Fear, Shame, and Silence in the Construction of Gender Identity
II. In Our Dreams: Sexual Fantasy and Sexual Representation 3 The Gender of Desire: The Sexual Fantasies of Women and Men with Rebecca F. Plante 4 Pornography and Male Sexuality 5 Sexual Violence in Three Pornographic Media: Toward a Sociological Explanation with Martin Barron 6 Does Censorship Make a Difference? An Aggregate Empirical Analysis of Pornography and Rape with Annulla Linders
III. From Fantasy to Reality: Sexual Identity and Sexual Behavior 7 Sexual Balkanization: Gender and Sexuality as the New Ethnicities 8 Hard Issues and Soft Spots: Counseling Men about Sexuality with Jeffrey C. Fracher 9 Bisexuality: A Sociological Perspective with John H. Gagnon and Cathy Stein Greenblat 10 The Kindest Un-Cut: Feminism, Judaism, and My Son’s Foreskin
IV. Sex and Violence 11 “What’s Love Got to Do with It?” Rape, Domestic Violence, and the Making of Men 12 Gender Symmetry in Domestic Violence: A Substantive and Methodological Research Review 13 The Unnatural History of Rape 14 Reducing Men’s Violence: The Personal Meets the Political
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THE GENDER OF DESIRE
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THE GENDER OF DESIRE Essays on Male Sexuality
Michael S. Kimmel
State University of New York Press
Published by State University of New York Press, Albany
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatso ever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the pub lisher.
For information, address State University of New York Press, 90 State Street, Suite 700, Albany, NY 12207
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Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data
Kimmel, Michael S. The gender of desire : essays on male sexuality / Michael S. Kimmel p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–7914–6337–0 (alk. paper) — ISBN 0–7914–6338–9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Men—Sexual behavior. 2. Masculinity. 3. Sex role. 4. Men’s studies. 5. Pornograpy—Social aspects. 6. Sex crimes. I. Title.
HQ28.K536 2005 306.7'081—dc22
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
2004062119
For Marty Duberman, and twenty years of friendship
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Coitus can scarcely be said to take place in a vacuum; although of itself it appears a biological and physical activity, it is set so deeply within the larger context of human affairs that it serves as a charged microcosm of the variety of attitudes and values to which culture subscribes. Among other things, it may serve as a model of sexual politics in an individual or personal place. —Kate Millet,Sexual Politics(1970)
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Preface
Acknowledgments
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Contents
I The Construction of Male Sexual Desire
Gendering Desire
Masculinity as Homophobia: Fear, Shame, and Silence in the Construction of Gender Identity
II In Our Dreams: Sexual Fantasy and Sexual Representation
The Gender of Desire: The Sexual Fantasies of Women and Men with Rebecca F. Plante
Pornography and Male Sexuality
Sexual Violence in Three Pornographic Media: Toward a Sociological Explanation with Martin Barron
Does Censorship Make a Difference? An Aggregate Empirical Analysis of Pornography and Rape with Annulla Linders
III From Fantasy to Reality: Sexual Identity and Sexual Behavior
Sexual Balkanization: Gender and Sexuality as the New Ethnicities