Langages - Année 1998 - Volume 32 - Numéro 130 - Pages 112-124In this article we consider two linguistic facts which occured in Brazil during the years 1930-1940: first, the project of the Parliament to change the name of the language spoken in Brazil from Portuguese language to Brazilian language; second, the campaigns for nationalizing the educational system, intended for the large wave of European immigrante. Those campaigns aimed at teaching immigrants Brazil's national language and at officially discouraging them from talking or writing their own languages. From these two facts, one can see how citizenship and Brazilianity are related to the general questions of language and nationality. At the root of those juridical measures there is a discursive formulation of national unity and linguistic homogeneity, related to the heterogeneity of Brazilian society. 13 pages Source : Persée ; Ministère de la jeunesse, de l’éducation nationale et de la recherche, Direction de l’enseignement supérieur, Sous-direction des bibliothèques et de la documentation.