Social impact assessment of the natural forest protection program on forest dependent communities and households in Western China [Elektronische Ressource] : case studies in Gansu Province and Chongqing Municipality / submitted by Yi Wang

Wangyi

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• Publié par: technische_universitat_dresden
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 20
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 9 Mo

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Fakultät Forst-, Geo- und Hydrowissenschaften


Social Impact Assessment of the Natural Forest Protection Program on the
forest-dependent communities and households in Western China
- Case studies in Gansu Province and Chongqing Municipality

A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for award of the degree:
Doctor rerum silvaticarum (Dr. rer. silv.)

to the Faculty of Forest, Geo and Hydro Sciences
Technische Universitä t Dresden/ Germany

submitted by Yi Wang (M.Sc. forest. trop.)


Supervisors:
Prof. Dr. rer. silv. Jü rgen Pretzsch,
Technische Universitä t Dresden, Institute of International Forestry and Forest Products, Germany

Prof. Dr. Li Zhiyong,
Chinese Academy of Forestry, Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, China

Dresden, October 2010
i Erklä rung des Promovenden

Die Übereinstimmung dieses Examplars mit dem Original der Dissertation „Social Impact
Assessment of the Natural Forest Protection Program on the forest-dependent communities
and households in Western China - Case studies in Gansu Province and Chongqing
Municipality― wird hiermit bestä tigt.





Wang, Yi
Dresden, 25.10.2010


ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This doctoral thesis was very much a joint effort with many people contributing their time,
skill and knowledge. I would like to express gratitude to the institutions and people who have
made this research possible.
I begin by thanking the sponsors of the Deutsche Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD)
for financing the four years of research. Likewise, I consider myself extraordinarily fortunate
to have been working under my ―Doktorvator‖, Prof. Dr. Jü rgen Pretzsch, the scientific
supervisor of my research, whose intellectual thought offered me a great opportunity to go
steps ahead to develop the scientific concept. I would like to express my heartfelt
appreciation to him for his scholarly and inspiring guidance, support and encouragement. I
am equally grateful to my second academic supervisor, Prof. Dr. Li Zhiyong, the director of
Institution of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, who worked
also as my local supervisor, offering me advice and comments from the very beginning of the
research to the end.
Likewise, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Prof. Dr. Norbert Weber, the Chair of
Forest Policy and Forest Resource Economics in TU-Dresden, for his kind interest in my
work and very constructive comments on it; special thanks to Dr. Klaus Rö misch, for his
significant contributions regarding the statistical analysis; many thanks to Prof. Dr. Holm
Uibrig, Dr. Hubertus Pohris and Dr. Sergio Ruiz for their advice and support which I received
in various ways regarding the thesis work and personal career building; special thanks to Ms.
Claudia Wenzel for her kind translations and encouragement; thank you also to Ms. Heidrun
Wende, Ms. Pia Markwardt, Ms. Frisch, Conny, Barbara, Richard and all the colleagues of
Institute of International Forestry and Forest Products, for their cooperative work and the
friendship shared with me during my research period in Dresden.
I would gratefully acknowledge the support from GTZ ―Sino-German Cooperation Program
on Forests for Sustainable Development‖ Project Office in Beijing, which offered me a great
opportunity to participate in the project and supported me to carry out my first field research
and data collection in China. Special Thanks go to Dr. Wolfgang Schulz, the director of the
project, who also contributed his knowledge and experience to revise and comment on my
work in the early stage of the research.
For those who facilitated my stay in the Western China, I feel obligated to express my
grateful feelings and thanks. To Dr. Wang Dengju and Dr. Ye Bin as well as other staff
members of CAF for their advice and comments especially during my field diiiata collection.
Many thanks to the staff members of Gansu Xiaolongshan Forestry Bureau for their
cooperative work and support for my field research, especially Mr. Zhao Wenjie and Mr.
Yuan Shiyun, who cooperated with me during my field research stage with earnest interest
and concern. I also received tremendous support and assistance from the staff members of
Maiji Forestry Enterprise and case study villages; particularly I am thankful to Mr. Song and
Li for their translation work of the local dialects and the unforgettable communication and
discussion during the field research. I need to thank Mr. Shi, the direct of the Chongqing
iii Institute of Forestry Planning, and Yuan Yi, for their great friendship and kind support for my
field work in Chongqing. Similar thanks go to the Mr. Cai Yongyuan, Mr. Deng Qifeng in
Dazu Forestry Bureau, Mr. Zhang Anjian, Mr. Zheng from Dazu NFPP local office, and Mr.
Zhu in Dazu Forestry enterprise, for their advice and cooperative work which made my field
trip in Chongqing not only successful but also interesting. This research could not have been
accomplished without all their cooperative help and contributions.
I express my thanks to Dr. Li Nuyun, the director of China‘s Forestry Economics Research
Center, and to Prof. Dr. Shen Yueqin, the director of Faculty of Forestry Economics in
Zhejiang Forestry University in China, for their inspiration and advice in the early stage of
the research.
I am obliged to thank my seniors Dr. Zhong Zheke, the director of Bamboo Research Institute
of CAF, who always inspired and encouraged me in a most difficult time, who also offered
great support during my field research phase. Special thanks go to Dr. Li Changxiao, Dr. Li
Xiushan, the post-doctors in USA and the ―Umwelt Zentrum‖ in Germany, Dr. Liu Jinlong,
the senior researcher in social forestry, for their inspiration regarding the social research
aspects emphasizing Western China.
I would like to thank all my colleagues and friends with whom I shared enjoyable moments
during my study in Dresden. I am very grateful to all my friends who proof-read the whole
thesis with interest and provided many useful comments and advice that helped me bring the
thesis to completion.
Finally, allow me to dedicate the last paragraph to my family: my companion and husband,
Gang, for having allowed me to carry out this challenge, especially for accompanying me
here in Germany with lots of love and encouragement, for having shared with me the
marvelous experience of living in forests during the field trips in Western China, and for
taking care of the family as an extraordinary support to my work; my sweet daughter, Niuniu,
who lights my life and empowers me to continue the work with great motivation and passion.
I am very much indebted to my parents who encouraged and inspired me in every steps of my
life. And I also would like to express my gratitude to my parents in-law, especially my
mother in-law, for coming to Germany, helping to care for my daughter so that enable me to
concentrate on final writing during the last stage of the work. Thanks to all the family
members that have been supporting me in the challenging roles of mother and researcher.
To all, and to the many others I have failed to mention.
Thank you. Xiexie.
Although many people helped, I take all the responsibilities for errors and shortcoming in this
work.

Dresden Germany, May 2010 Wang, Yi
iv TABLE OF CONTENT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... i
LIST OF FIGURES ............. viii
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................... x
LIST OF BOXES xi
LIST OF ACRONYMS ......... xii
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... xiv
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ....................................... xv

1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... xv
1.1 Background .................................................. 1
1.2 Problem statement and justification ............. 5
1.3 Research objectives ...................................................................... 6
1.3.1 General research objectives .................. 6
1.3.2 Specific research objectives ................................ 7
1.4 Structure of the dissertation ......................................................... 8

2 CURRENT STATE OF KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ............................... 10
2.1 General remark .......................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Forestry reforms in China .......................................................................................... 10
2.2.1 China‘s forestry sector since the economic reform in 1978 10
2.2.2 Forest tenure and administration ......... 13
2.2.3 Chronology of sectional reforms in China and their consequences .................... 14
2.2.4 Policy reforms in the forestry sector ................................................................... 18
2.3 The Natural Forest Protection Progr