Neurology: Neonatology Questions and Controversies Series E-Book

Jeffrey M Perlman

Description

Neurology, a volume in Dr. Polin’s Neonatology: Questions and Controversies Series, offers expert authority on the toughest neurological challenges you face in your practice. This medical reference book will help you provide better evidence-based care and improve patient outcomes with research on the latest advances.

• Reconsider how you handle difficult practice issues with coverage that addresses these topics head on and offers opinions from the leading experts in the field, supported by evidence whenever possible.
• Find information quickly and easily with a consistent chapter organization.
• Get the most authoritative advice available from world-class neonatologists who have the inside track on new trends and developments in neonatal care.

Sujets

• Médecine
• Glucagón
• Arterial embolism
• Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
• Electroencephalography
• Herpes simplex
• Meningitis
• Photocopier
• Viral disease
• Therapeutic hypothermia
• Deoxyglucose
• Hypoxia
• Systemic disease
• Herpes simplex virus
• Neurological examination
• Crigler?Najjar syndrome
• Cerebral hemorrhage
• Partial seizure
• Transforming growth factor beta
• Neonatal jaundice
• Necrotizing enterocolitis
• Status epilepticus
• Cerebral hypoxia
• Stressor
• Krabbe disease
• Neonatology
• Blood culture
• Small for gestational age
• Electromyography
• Hypotonia
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy
• Cerebral circulation
• Probiotic
• Subarachnoid hemorrhage
• Light therapy
• Stroke
• Hypertrophy
• Blood flow
• Fetal distress
• Patent ductus arteriosus
• Intracranial pressure
• Hypotension
• Ischemia
• Physician assistant
• Positive airway pressure
• Temperance (virtue)
• Spinal muscular atrophy
• Bacteremia
• Encephalopathy
• Thermoregulation
• Absence seizure
• Echocardiography
• Lesion
• Kernicterus
• Hemodynamics
• Health care
• Medical ventilator
• Apparatus
• Gentamicin
• Stress (mechanics)
• Hydrocephalus
• Hypothermia
• Bleeding
• Medical ultrasonography
• Bilirubin
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• Jaundice
• Hematology
• Circulatory system
• Pneumonia
• X-ray computed tomography
• Cerebral palsy
• Multiple sclerosis
• Philadelphia
• Address
• Encephalitis
• Infection
• White matter
• Data storage device
• Epileptic seizure
• Presbyterianism
• Pediatrics
• Neurologist
• Neurology
• Mechanics
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Muscular dystrophy
• Immunology
• Infectious disease
• Hypoglycemia
• Gastroenterology
• Epilepsy
• Major depressive disorder
• Down syndrome
• Brain abscess
• Anxiety
• Cardiology
• Proven
• Human
• Pneumothorax
• Brain
• Midazolam
• Nociception
• Consultant
• Electronic
• Coma
• Nutrition
• Copyright
• Glucose
• Dopamine

Informations

• Publié par: Saunders
• Date de parution: 02 mars 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781455733712
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 14 Mo

Extrait

Neurology

Neonatology Questions and Controversies

Jeffrey M. Perlman, MB, ChB Professor of Pediatrics Division of Newborn Medicine Department of Pediatrics Weill Cornell Medical College Division Chief, Newborn Medicine NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital New York, New York Consulting Editor

Richard A. Polin, MD Professor of Pediatrics College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University Vice Chairman for Clinical and Academic Affairs Department of Pediatrics Director, Division of Neonatology Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of NewYork-Presbyterian Columbia University Medical Center New York, New York

SECO ND EDI T I O N

Table of Contents

Cover image

Title Page

Series Page

Copyright

Contributors

Series Foreword

Preface

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Cerebral Circulation and Hypotension in the Premature Infant

Definition of Hypotension

Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Pathologic Cerebral Blood Flow

Treatment Strategies

Summary and Recommendations References

Chapter 3 Intraventricular Hemorrhage and White Matter Injury in the Preterm Infant Periventricular-Intraventricular Hemorrhage Periventricular White Matter Injury Associated with IVH

White Matter Injury in the Absence of Hemorrhage Outcome Gaps in Knowledge

Conclusions References

Chapter 4 Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus Management Strategies Question 1: What Measurements of Ventricular Size Are Used in Diagnosis of PHVD? Question 2: How Can Ventricular Dilation Driven by Cerebrospinal Fluid Under Pressure Be Distinguished from Ventricular Dilation Due to Loss of Periventricular White Matter?

Question 3: How Is Excessive Head Enlargement Defined?

Question 4: How Is Raised Intracranial Pressure Recognized?

Question 5: What Is Infant A's Prognosis?

Question 6: What Is the Mechanism of PHVD?

Question 7: How Can PHVD Injure White Matter?

Question 8: What Interventions Have Been Used in PHVD, and Is There Any Evidence That They Improve Outcome? Conclusions Gaps in Knowledge References

Chapter 5 The Use of Hypothermia to Provide Neuroprotection for Neonatal Hypoxic- Ischemic Brain Injury Experimental Evidence for the Use of Therapeutic Hypothermia Implementation of a New Therapy

Temperature Control Before and After Therapeutic Hypothermia

Assessment of Encephalopathy

Is an Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography Necessary?

Cooling on Transport

Selective Use of Therapeutic Hypothermia

Future of Therapeutic Hypothermia References

Chapter 6 General Supportive Management of the Term Infant with Neonatal Encephalopathy Following Intrapartum Hypoxia-Ischemia Delivery Room Management

Early Identification of Infants at Highest Risk for Development of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Supportive Care

Potential Neuroprotective Strategies Aimed at Ameliorating Secondary Brain Injury

Gaps in Knowledge References

Chapter 7 Perinatal Stroke Case Histories Definitions Etiology Pathology Incidence

Clinical Manifestations Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Conclusions

Acknowledgment References

Chapter 8 Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Seizures Recognition of Neonatal Seizures Clinical Seizure Criteria

Nonepileptic Behaviors of Neonates

Electrographic Seizure Criteria

Subcortical Seizures versus Nonictal Functional Decortication

Seizures in the Clinical Context of Maternal-Fetal-Placental-Neonatal Disease: Developing a Diagnostic Algorithm

Principles of Therapy Summary Gaps in Knowledge

References

Chapter 9 Glucose and Perinatal Brain Injury Glucose Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn Cerebral Metabolism of Glucose Definitions Symptomatic Versus Asymptomatic Hypoglycemia

Duration of Hypoglycemia

Causes of Hypoglycemia

Pathophysiology of Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia and Brain Damage Outcome Treatment Conclusions References

Chapter 10 Hyperbilirubinemia and the Risk for Brain Injury Pathogenesis Approaches: Strategies for Diagnosis and Treatment

Recommendations for Treatment

Gaps in Knowledge

Acknowledgments References

Chapter 11 Neonatal Meningitis Question 1: What Risk Factors Predispose this Infant to Early-Onset Bacterial Meningitis? Question 2: Do Infants with Meningitis Have Positive Blood Culture Results?

Question 3: What is the Optimal Evaluation for Possible Late-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Infants in the NICU?

Question 4: What is the Empiric Antimicrobial Choice for Possible Late-Onset Sepsis in the NICU?

Question 5: What is the Treatment of Meningitis in Neonates, and in Particular that due to Gram-Negative Bacilli?

Question 6: Should Other Therapies Be Considered?

Question 7: What is the Duration of Treatment for Meningitis in Neonates?

Question 8: When Should Neuroimaging Be Considered, and What Type of Examination is Recommended?

Question 9: Should Other Adjunctive Therapies Be Provided to an Infant with Meningitis?

Question 10: What If the Infant's CSF Is Abnormal but Routine Bacterial Cultures of CSF and Blood Are Sterile?

Question 11: What is the Outcome of Meningitis in Neonates?

Conclusions References

Chapter 12 Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus and Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infections Question 1: When Does Infection Occur? Question 2: What Are the Risk Factors for Neonatal Infection?

Question 3: What Are the Clinical Manifestations of Neonatal Infection and Disease?

Question 4: What Are the Treatments and Outcomes for HSV and CMV Brain Infections in Neonates?

Question 5: Do All Babies with HSV and CMV Infections Have to Be Treated?

Question 6: What Is the Appropriate Diagnostic Approach to a Baby in Whom HSV or CMV Infection is Suspected?

Question 7. How Should You Monitor the Response to Treatment?

Question 8. What Are the Biggest Gaps in Our Current Understanding of the Natural History, Diagnosis, and Management of these Infections? Conclusions References

Chapter 13 Pain and Stress

Pain Circuits

Development of Pain Circuits

Long-Term Consequences of Early Pain Exposure Stress Long-Term Consequences of Early Stress Exposure

Conclusions References

Chapter 14 Neonatal Hypotonia and Neuromuscular Disorders Definition of Hypotonia Physical Examination and Assessment of a Hypotonic Child

Differential Anatomic Diagnosis of Hypotonia

Common Neuromuscular Disorders Manifesting Principally with Hypotonia

Approach to Hypotonia References

Chapter 15 Amplitude-Integrated EEG and Its Potential Role in Augmenting Management Within the NICU Amplitude-Integrated EEG Assessment of aEEG Background Pattern

Comparison with Standard EEG

Pitfalls and Artifacts

Gaps in Knowledge Conclusion References

Chapter 16 Magnetic Resonance Imaging's Role in the Care of the Infant at Risk for Brain Injury The Term Newborn The Preterm Infant

Acknowledgement References

Chapter 17 Long-Term Follow-Up of Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants Outcome: Cerebral Palsy and Other Neurologic or Sensory Sequelae The 18- to 24-Month-Old Child

The 3- to 6-Year-Old Child

The School Age Child

The Adolescent and Young Adult

Gaps in Knowledge Conclusions References

Index

Series Page

NEUROLOGY Neonatology Questions and Controversies Series Editor Richard A. Polin, MD Professor of Pediatrics College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University Vice Chairman for Clinical and Academic Affairs Department of Pediatrics Director, Division of Neonatology Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of NewYork-Presbyterian Columbia University Medical Center New York, New York Other Volumes in the Neonatology Questions and Controversies Series GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION HEMATOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE HEMODYNAMICS AND CARDIOLOGY NEPHROLOGY AND FLUID/ELECTROLYTE PHYSIOLOGY THE NEWBORN LUNG