Delineations of the Ox Tribe - The Natural History of Bulls, Bisons, and Buffaloes. - Exhibiting all the Known Species and the More Remarkable - Varieties of the Genus Bos.

George Vasey

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Delineations of the Ox Tribe, by George VaseyThis eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and withalmost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away orre-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License includedwith this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.netTitle: Delineations of the Ox TribeThe Natural History of Bulls, Bisons, and Buffaloes.Exhibiting all the Known Species and the More RemarkableVarieties of the Genus Bos.Author: George VaseyIllustrator: George VaseyRelease Date: February 3, 2009 [EBook #27975]Language: English*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DELINEATIONS OF THE OX TRIBE ***Produced by Steven Giacomelli, Josephine Paolucci and theOnline Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net.(This file was produced from images produced by CoreHistorical Literature in Agriculture (CHLA), CornellUniversity.)DELINEATIONSOFTHE OX TRIBE.THE SANGA OR GALLA OX OF ABYSSINIA, v. p. 120. THESANGA OR GALLA OX OF ABYSSINIA, v. p. 120.DELINEATIONSOFTHE OX TRIBE;OR,THE NATURAL HISTORY OFBULLS, BISONS, AND BUFFALOES.EXHIBITINGALL THE KNOWN SPECIESAND THE MORE REMARKABLE VARIETIESOFTHE GENUS BOS.BY GEORGE VASEY.ILLUSTRATED BY 72 ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD, BY THE AUTHOR.LONDON:PUBLISHED BY G. BIGGS, 421, STRAND.1851.C. AND J. ADLARD, PRINTERS, BARTHOLOMEW CLOSE.TOWILLIAM YARRELL, Esq., F.L.S., F.Z.S.,WHOSE SCIENTIFIC WORKS ON ZOOLOGYPLACE HIM IN THE FIRST RANK OF ...

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• Publié par: thawyong
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 55
• Langue: English

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Delineations of the Ox Tribe, by George Vasey This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

Title: Delineations of the Ox Tribe The Natural History of Bulls, Bisons, and Buffaloes. Exhibiting all the Known Species and the More Remarkable Varieties of the Genus Bos. Author: George Vasey Illustrator: George Vasey Release Date: February 3, 2009 [EBook #27975] Language: English

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DELINEATIONS OF THE OX TRIBE ***

Produced by Steven Giacomelli, Josephine Paolucci and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net. (This file was produced from images produced by Core Historical Literature in Agriculture (CHLA), Cornell University.)

HTE SAGNA

DELINEATIONS

 

OF THE OX TRIBE.

OR GALLA OX OF ABYSSINIA, v.

p  .120.

  THE SANGA OR GALLA OX OF ABYSSINIA, v. p. 120.

DELINEATIONS

OF

THE OX TRIBE;

OR,

THE NATURAL HISTORY

OF

BULLS, BISONS, AND BUFFALOES.

EXHIBITING

ALL THE KNOWN SPECIES

AND THE MORE REMARKABLE VARIETIES

OF

T

HE GENUS BOS.

BY GEORGE VASEY.

ILLUSTRATED BY 72 ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD, BY THE AUTHOR.

LONDON: PUBLISHED BY G. BIGGS, 421, STRAND. 1851.

C. AND J. ADLARD, PRINTERS, BARTHOLOMEW CLOSE.

TO WILLIAM YARRELL, Esq., F.L.S., F.Z.S., WHOSE SCIENTIFIC WORKS ON ZOOLOGY PLACE HIM IN THE FIRST RANK OF NATURALISTS; AND, MOREOVER, WHOSE UNOSTENTATIOUS KINDNESS IN CONSULTING THE FEELINGS AND ADVANCING THE INTERESTS OF OTHERS IS RARELY EQUALLED, This Volume is inscribed, BY HIS SINCERE FRIEND AND ADMIRER, THE AUTHOR.

PREFACE. The primary object of the present work, is to give as correct and comprehensive a view of the animals composing the Ox Tribe, as the present state of our knowledge will admit, accompanied by authentic figures of all the known species and the more remarkable varieties. Although this genus (comprising all those Ruminants called Buffaloes, Bisons, and Oxen generally,) is as distinct and well characterised as any other genus in the animal kingdom, yet the facts which are at present known respecting the various species which compose it, are not sufficiently numerous to enable the naturalist to divide them into sub-genera. This is abundantly proved by the unsuccessful result of those attempts which have already been made to arrange them into minor groups. Nor can we wonder at this want of success, when we consider that even many of the species usually regarded as distinct are by no means clearly defined. The second object, therefore, of this treatise, is (by bringing into juxta-position all the most important facts concerning the various individual specimens which have been described, and by adding several other facts of importance which have not hitherto been noticed,) to enable the naturalist to define, more correctly than has yet been done, the peculiarities of each species. A third object is to direct the attention of travellers more particularly to this subject; in order that, by their exertions, our information upon this class of animals may be rendered more complete. A new and important feature in the present Monograph, is the introduction of a Table of the Number of Vertebræ, carefully constructed from an examination of the actual skeletons, by which will be seen at a glance the principal osteological differences of species which have hitherto been confounded with each other. A Table of the Periods of Gestation is likewise added, which presents some equally interesting results. Several of the descriptions have been verified by a reference to the living animals, seven specimens of which are at present (1847) in the Gardens of the Zoological Society, Regent's Park. The several Museums in the Metropolis have likewise been consulted with advantage. I am indebted to Judge Furnam, of the United States, for some original information respecting the American Bison; and also to the late Mr. Cole, who was forty years park-keeper at Chillingham, for answers to several questions which I proposed to him on the subject of the Chillingham Cattle. I beg to acknowledge my obligation to Mr. Catlin for kindly allowing me, not only to make extracts, but also to copy some of the outlines from his 'Letters and Notes on the North American Indians,' a work which I do not hesitate to pronounce one of the most curious and interesting which the present century has produced,—whether we regard the graphic merits of its literary or pictorial department. To Professor Owen and the Officers of the Royal College of Surgeons, to the Officers of the Zoological Society, and to the Officers of the Zoological Department of the British Museum, my sincere thanks are due for the kindness and promptness with which every information has been given, and every facility afforded to my inquiries and investigations. With respect to the engraved figures, I have striven to produce correct delineations of form and texture, rather than to make pretty pictures by sacrificing truth and nature for the sake of ideal beauty and artistic effect. I cannot conclude this Preface without expressing my thanks to Messrs. Adlard for the first-rate style in which this volume has been printed; particularly for the successful manner in which the impressions of the engravings have been produced, superior, in general, to India-proof impressions. King Street, Camden Town; May, 1851.

ADDENDUM.

PENNANT—BUFFON—GOLDSMITH—BEWICK—BINGLEY.

In addition to the critical remarks on the writings of others, on this subject, which the reader will find in the following pages, I have further to observe that, although Pennant and Buffon have held a very high character, for many years, as scientific naturalists, the portion of their works which treats of the Genus Bos , appears to have been the result of the most careless and superficial observation. With the exception of the facts and observations furnished by such men as Daubenton and Pallas, Buffon's works are little more than flimsy speculations. As to Pennant's history of the Ox Tribe, it is calculated rather to bewilder than to inform; it is, in fact, an incoherent mass of dubious statements, huddled together in a most inextricable confusion: as a piece of Natural History it is absolutely worse than nothing.

Goldsmith, Bewick, and Bingley, three of our most popular writers on Natural History, appear to have done little more than compile from Pennant and Buffon, and consequently are but little deserving of credit. These strictures apply exclusively to such portions of their works as relate to the Ox Tribe.

137 1 5 133 0 152 40 15 45 aP 51 1 3 1 5 95 eg 51 76 75 71 68 95 86 84 81 211 501 79 21 021 511 Tribe to Mankind P   ga 1 e 12 04 54 15 75 edosx  O  tOn uheilitfo teht  xO  Fer rt-n   Sho rtine Ma TAETNO.STN ELBC FO

Introduction American Bison Aurochs Yak Gyall Gayal Domestic Gayal Jungly Gau Buffalo Italian Buffalo Manilla Buffalo Condore Buffalo Cape Buffalo Pegasse Gaur Arnee Zamouse Musk Ox Galla Ox Zebu, or Brahmin Bull Backeley Ox African Bull Chillingham Cattle Kyloe, or Highland Ox Table of the Number of Vertebræ Table of the Periods of Gestation Note on the Skeleton of the American Bison APPENDIX.

610

Account of Alpine Cowherds —Notice of Ranz des Vaches

Table of Habitat

Mode of Life ----

Indefinite Definitions of Col. H. Smith

Mr. Swainson's Transcendental Attempt at Classification

On Species and Variety

Banteng ( Bos Bantiger )

British Domestic Cattle

Influence of Colour in Breeding

Influence of Male in Breeding

Generative Precocity

Milk

Butter

Mr. Youatt's Philosophy of Rabies

Statistics

164

168

169

170

176

181

185

186

ib.

187

ib.

188

189

190

192

LIST OF ENGRAVINGS. ( The Engravings not otherwise acknowledged are from original Drawings. ) Page 1. Frontispiece.—The Sangu, or Abyssinian Oxi 2. Stomach of Manilla Buffalo4 3. Gastro-duct (Œsophagean Canal), after Flourens6 4. Stomach of a young Calf12 5. Stomach of a full-grown Cow13 6. Skull of Domestic Ox17 7. Skeleton of Domestic Ox20 8. American Bison21 9. Young Female Bison23 10. Wounded Bison24 11. Indian shooting a Bison29 12. Bison surrounded by Wolves32 13. Bison Calf, after Cuvier33 14. Skin Canoes of the Mandan Indians36 15. Head of young Male Bison39 16. Aurochs, or European Bison40 17. Yak, from Asiatic Transactions45 18. Yak, from Oriental Annual49 19. Gyall ( Bos Frontalis ) 51 20. Head of Gyall53 21. Gayal, from Asiatic Transactions58 22. Head of Asseel Gayal67 23. Domestic Gayal68 24. Skull of Domestic Gayal69 25. Occipital View of the same Skullib. 26. Head of Domestic Gayalib. 27. Jungly Gau, after Cuvier71 28. Syrian Ox, anon.74 29. Italian Buffalo—Brandt and Ratzeburg76 30. Herefordshire Cow, after Howitt80 31. Manilla Buffalo81