Directed migration of human neural progenitor cells to interleukin-1β is promoted by chemokines stromal cell-derived factor-1 and monocyte chemotactic factor-1 in mouse brains

Wu Yumei, Chen Qiang, Peng Hui, Dou Huanyu, Zhou You, Huang Yunlong, Zheng

Description

Neurogenesis, including the proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), is impaired in HIV-1 associated dementia (HAD). We previously demonstrated HIV-1-infected macrophages (HIV-MDM) regulate stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) production in astrocytes through Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Chemokines are known to induce NPC migration; however, it remains unclear how chemokines produced in inflammation regulate NPC migration. Methods The secretion of SDF-1 and Monocyte chemotactic preotein-1 (MCP-1) in astrocytes upon IL-1β stimulation was measured by ELISA assay . Human NPCs were injected parallel along with IL-1β, SDF-1 or MCP-1 intracranially into basal ganglion 1 mm apart in SCID mice, and immunofluorescent staining was used to study the survival and migration of injected human NPCs. Results SDF-1 and MCP-1 are secreted by astrocytes upon IL-1β stimulation in a time-dependent manner. Injected human NPCs survived in SCID mice and migrated towards sites of IL-1β, SDF-1 and MCP-1 injection. Conclusions In conclusion, chemokines SDF-1 or MCP-1 secreted by astrocytes in the presence of IL-1β injection are attractive to NPCs injected into SCID mouse brains, suggesting that SDF-1 and MCP-1 play important roles in NPC migration during neuroinflammation.

Informations

• Publié par: biomed
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 3
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Wuet al. Translational Neurodegeneration2012,1:15 http://www.translationalneurodegeneration.com/content/1/1/15

Translational Neurodegeneration

R E S E A R C HOpen Access Directed migration of human neural progenitor cells to interleukin1βis promoted by chemokines stromal cellderived factor1 and monocyte chemotactic factor1 in mouse brains 1,3†1†1 11,2*4 1 Yumei Wu, Qiang Chen, Hui Peng , Huanyu Dou , You Zhou , Yunlong Huangand Jialin C Zheng

Abstract Background:Neurogenesis, including the proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), is impaired in HIV1 associated dementia (HAD). We previously demonstrated HIV1infected macrophages (HIVMDM) regulate stromal cellderived factor 1 (SDF1) production in astrocytes through Interleukin1β(IL1β). Chemokines are known to induce NPC migration; however, it remains unclear how chemokines produced in inflammation regulate NPC migration. Methods:The secretion of SDF1 and Monocyte chemotactic preotein1 (MCP1) in astrocytes upon IL1β stimulation was measured by ELISA assay.Human NPCs were injected parallel along with IL1β, SDF1 or MCP1 intracranially into basal ganglion 1 mm apart in SCID mice, and immunofluorescent staining was used to study the survival and migration of injected human NPCs. Results:SDF1 and MCP1 are secreted by astrocytes upon IL1βstimulation in a timedependent manner. Injected human NPCs survived in SCID mice and migrated towards sites of IL1β, SDF1 and MCP1 injection. Conclusions:In conclusion, chemokines SDF1 or MCP1 secreted by astrocytes in the presence of IL1βinjection are attractive to NPCs injected into SCID mouse brains, suggesting that SDF1 and MCP1 play important roles in NPC migration during neuroinflammation.

Background HIVassociated dementia (HAD) is a progressive neuro logical disorder that affects 20 ~ 30% of patients with advanced HIV infection. Neurogenesis, which includes proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural pro genitor cells (NPCs), in adults has been observed to be impaired in HAD patients [1]. The histological correlate of HAD is HIV1 encephalitis (HIVE) which is character ized by reactive astrogliosis, accumulation of activated macrophages, microglial activation, virusinfected multinu cleated giant cells, and neuronal damage [2]. Chemokines

* Correspondence: [e-mail] † Equal contributors 1 Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Neuroimmunology and Regenerative Therapy Laboratory, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA 2 Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article

and chemokine receptors are upregulated in the brains of patients with HIV and HIVE. Among these, stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF1) [3,4] and monocyte chemotactic protein1 (MCP1) [5,6] are documented to be involved in the pathogenesis of HAD. SDF1, the ligand for CXCR4, has been shown to increase in patients with HIVE [3,4]. Evidence from knockout mouse studies showed that SDF1 and its receptor CXCR4 are crucial for the nervous system development, especially in directing the migration of NPCs in the developing brain [710] and peripheral nervous sys tem [11]. We previously found that SDF1 increases in HAD patients in an IL1βdependent manner [12]. Later studies supported that NPCs migrate to the ischemia region [13] and inflammatory area of the brain [14] in response to SDF1 secretion. Cells expressing CXCR4 frequently coexpress CCR2 re ceptor on neurons and astrocytes in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and substantia nigra [15,16]. MCP1, also

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