Seasonal dynamics behind the CO_1tn2 efflux of adult European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees - uncovered by stable C-isotopes [Elektronische Ressource] / Daniel Kuptz

Kuptz

Informations

• Publié par: technische_universitat_munchen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 16
• Langue: Deutsch
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 8 Mo

Extrait

TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN


Lehrstuhl für Ökophysiologie der Pflanzen




Seasonal dynamics behind the CO efflux of adult European beech 2
(Fagus sylvatica) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees – uncovered by
stable C isotopes.

Daniel Kuptz




Vollständiger Abdruck, der von der Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für
Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung
des akademischen Grades eines
Doktors der Naturwissenschaften
genehmigten Dissertation.


Vorsitzender: Univ.-Prof. Dr. W. Oßwald
Prüfer der Dissertation:
1. Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Matyssek
2. Univ.-Prof. Dr. J. Schnyder
3. Univ.-Prof. Dr. A. Knohl (Georg-August-
Universität Göttingen)

Die Dissertation wurde am 19.10.2010 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht
und durch die Fakultät Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung
und Umwelt am 02.02.2010 angenommen. Content
Content

List of figures........................................................................................................... III
List of tables ............................................................................................................. V
List of publications.................................................................................................. VI
Summary ................................................................................................................. VII
Zusammenfassung................................................................................................... X


1. General introduction ......................................................................................... 1
2. Seasonal dynamics in the stable carbon isotope
13composition (δ C) from non-leafy branch, trunk and coarse
root CO efflux of adult deciduous (Fagus sylvatica) and 2
evergreen (Picea abies) trees........................................................................... 9
3. Seasonal pattern of carbon allocation to respiratory pools in
60-year-old deciduous (Fagus sylvatica) and evergreen
(Picea abies) trees assessed via whole-tree stable carbon
isotope labeling ............................................................................................... 26
4. General Discussion......................................................................................... 45


Appendix A: A free-air system for long-term stable carbon
isotope labeling of adult forest trees............................................................. 51
Appendix B.............................................................................................................. 70
References .............................................................................................................. 75
Candidate’s individual contribution...................................................................... 85
Curriculum vitae ..................................................................................................... 87
Danksagung............................................................................................................ 89
II List of figures
List of figures

Fig. 2.1: Weather conditions throughout the experiment. .................................................................... 12

13
Fig. 2.2: Experimental setups for the assessment of CO efflux rate and the δ C of CO efflux........ 14 2 2

Fig. 2.3: Daily means of CO efflux at different sample positions ........................................................ 17 2

13
Fig. 2.4: Intraspecific comparison in δ C of CO efflux between sample positions for beech and 2
spruce at different phenological stages ................................................................................. 18

13
Fig. 2.5: Interspecific comparison in δ C of CO efflux of beech and spruce ..................................... 19 2

13
Fig. 2.6: Annual changes in δ C of CO efflux of branches, trunks and coarse roots of beech and 2
spruce..................................................................................................................................... 20

Fig. 3.1: Flow-through system for the assessment of CO efflux of upper and lower trunks and coarse 2
13 12
roots and experimental setup of the isoFACE CO / CO labeling infrastructure............... 29 2 2

Fig. 3.2: Weather conditions for adult beech and spruce trees during three labeling experiments. .... 34

Fig. 3.3: Average rates of CO efflux of upper and lower tunks and coarse roots of adult beech and 2
spruce trees during the three labeling experiments............................................................... 34

Fig. 3.4: Stable C isotopic composition of CO efflux during the labeling experiments of beech and 2
spruce..................................................................................................................................... 36

Fig. 3.5: Concentration of phloem sugars of beech and spruce and linear regressions between the
stable C isotope composition of phloem sugars and lower trunk CO efflux ......................... 37 2

Fig. 3.6: Fraction of labeled carbon in CO efflux of upper and lower trunks and coarse roots during 2
labeling experiments of beech and spruce. ........................................................................... 38

Fig. 3.7: Mean fractional contribution of labeled C to CO efflux of beech and spruce trees and the 2
quotient of the rate of growth respiration to CO efflux for beech and spruce during labeling 2
experiments............................................................................................................................ 39

Fig. 3.8: Carbon translocation rates of control and labeled trees in the three labeling experiments of
beech and spruce................................................................................................................... 40

Fig. 3.9: Conceptual two-pool model of the substrate supply for lower trunk CO efflux of adult beech 2
trees ....................................................................................................................................... 42

13
Fig. 4.1: Modification of Figure 2.6 “Annual changes in δ C of CO efflux of branches, trunks and 2
coarse roots”. ......................................................................................................................... 48

Fig. A.1: Schematic diagram of the isoFACE system .......................................................................... 55

Fig. A.2: Schematic diagram of the open flow system for sampling of CO from stems...................... 58 2

Fig. A.3: CO concentration in sun, intermediate and shade crown of adult beech trees during stable 2
carbon isotope labeling. ......................................................................................................... 61

Fig. A.4: Frequency distribution of [CO ] assessed in the rough surface of the sun crown of the 2
canopy during experiment #2................................................................................................. 62

Fig. A.5: Carbon isotope composition of canopy air, stem CO efflux at crown base and breast height, 2
phloem sugars, coarse root CO efflux and soil respired CO during experiment #1............ 64 2 2
III List of figures

Fig. A.6: Daily means of sap flow density monitored in stems of labeled and reference trees............ 65

13
Fig. B.1: Annual changes in δ C of CO efflux of non-leafy branches, trunks and coarse roots of 2
beech including measurements from February till April 2008................................................ 70

13 13
Fig. B.2: Difference in δ C during the day and δ C during the night of beech and spruce branch, E E
trunk and coarse root CO efflux............................................................................................ 71 2

Fig. B.3: CO efflux rate of branches of beech during three labeling experiments.. ............................ 72 2

Fig. B.4: Stable C isotopic composition of branch CO efflux during labeling experiments of beech .. 73 2

Fig. B.5: Stable C isotopic composition of leaf CO efflux during labeling experiment the early summer 2
of beech.................................................................................................................................. 74
IV List of tables
List of tables

Table 1.1: Decarboxylation and carboxylation processes determining autotrophic respiration in C 3
plants...................................................................................................................................... 3

Table 2.1: Tree size, height of CO efflux chambers, diameter of corresponding tree component and 2
sap wood depth behind chambers....................................................................................... 13

13
Table 2.2: Differences in δ C of CO efflux between two sample positions within the same species 2
and between species ...