Two fifth century hoards from the Near East - article ; n°10 ; vol.6, pg 181-235

Colin M.Kraay, P. P.R.S.Moorey

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Revue numismatique - Année 1968 - Volume 6 - Numéro 10 - Pages 181-235
55 pages
Source : Persée ; Ministère de la jeunesse, de l’éducation nationale et de la recherche, Direction de l’enseignement supérieur, Sous-direction des bibliothèques et de la documentation.

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• Publié par: REVUE_NUMISMATIQUE
• Publié le: 01 janvier 1968
• Nombre de lectures: 6
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

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Colin Mackennal Kraay
P. S. R. Moorey
Two fifth century hoards from the Near East
In: Revue numismatique, 6e série - Tome 10, année 1968 pp. 181-235.
Citer ce document / Cite this document :
Kraay Colin Mackennal, Moorey P. S. R. Two fifth century hoards from the Near East. In: Revue numismatique, 6e série - Tome
10, année 1968 pp. 181-235.
doi : 10.3406/numi.1968.966
http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/numi_0484-8942_1968_num_6_10_966M. KRAAY and P. R. S. MOOREY.* Colin
TWO FIFTH CENTURY HOARDS
FROM THE NEAR EAST
(PI. XIX-XXVIII)
These two hoards, the one preserved mainly in Oxford, the other
in Paris, come from the same general area of the Persian Empire,
and are separated by not more than a generation in time. Since
the significance of each hoard is enhanced by its association with
the other, we are deeply indebted to M. Georges Le Rider,
Conservateur en Chef of the Cabinet des Médailles, Paris, for
generously encouraging us to publish these two hoards together,
and for giving us every assistance.
I. The Jordanian Hoard
This hoard came to light in the early months of 1967 in the
Hauran area of the Jordanian-Syrian border. The bulk of it,
including all the jewelry, was acquired in a single lot ; two smaller
lots were obtained in the same area shortly afterwards. It is
assumed that the whole hoard is recorded here, apart from two
archaic owls, reported to be very fine, of which no details are avail
able (nos. 21-2), though in the circumstances it is obviously possible
that some other coins have been dispersed. In the following list
all items marked with an asterisk are now in the Heberden Coin
Room of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, to which they were
given by the E. S. G. Robinson Trust ; the jewelry was acquired
by the Department of Antiquities of the Ashmolean Museum.
* P.R.S.M. has described the jewellery in sections I G and И С, and has written
the general discussion in III B. 182 С. M. KRAAY AND P. R. S. MOOREY
A. Coins
Sicily
Messana : stater of Euboeic-Chalcidian standard.
1*. 0. Lion's head facing. R. Calf's head 1. ; MESSENION.
a. 5.36 b. 12.16. PI. XIX.
Though part of the obverse type has been obliterated by the
chisel, the high joint weight of the two fragments (17.52 gm.)
shows that no metal has been lost. Minted 489-484 (or 80) B.C.
Macedonia
Acanthus : tetradrachms (fragments)
2. 0. Lioness 1. on bull r. jR. Quadripartite incuse square.
Cf. Desneux 18. PI. XIX.
3*. 0. Lion r. on bull 1. ; above, 0 ; in ex., floral symbol.
Cf. Desneux 48-68. 8.57. PI. XIX.
4*. As last, but lion's head frontal. Cf. Desneux 80-84. 7.27.
PI. XIX.
Aegae : stater (fragment).
5*. 0. Goat kneeling г., head reverted. R. Quadripartite incuse
square. 4.23. PL XIX.
Bisalti : octadrachms (fragments).
6. 0. Male figure wearing petasos and carrying two spears
standing r. beside horse r. ; on 1., С11АГТ ; die of Tr.
pi. XLVII, 2. R. Quadripartite incuse square. 16.59. Hes-
peria Art Bulletin XL/XLI, 23. PI. XIX.
7*. As last but visible only rump of horse and <II. Obv. die of
Tr. XLV, 3. 6.20. PI. XIX.
Lete : staters (fragments).
8*. 0. Nymph and satyr moving r. R. Incuse square divided
diagonally.
Cf. Svoronos, L'Hellénisme primitif, pi. VIII, 9-10. 3.74.
PL XIX.
9*. As last. Cf. Svoronos, op. cit., pi. VIII, 7. 3.10. PI. XIX. FIFTH CENTURY HOARDS 183 TWO
TVN : octadrachm.
10*. 0. Bearded male figure stg. г., wearing petasos, holding
flower in raised 1. hand and resting r. on rump of nearer of
two oxen also r. ; the nearer ox wears a long pendant suspended
from a cord round its neck ; below belly, a pellet ; above,
retrograde, TVN. B. Wheel, with straight central strut
strengthened by two curved struts, within incuse square.
29.83. PL XIX.
This new variety fits well into the known series of Macedonian
tribal issues. The obverse type resembles closely that of the
inscribed octadrachm of the Ichnaioi formerly in the Jameson
collection (no. 946) ; on this, too, one ox has a cord round its neck,
but no pendant ; the inscribed staters of the Ichnaioi also have
this type of wheel on reverse. The obverse legend, however,
appears to relate this octadrachm to the very rare staters with
legend TVNTENON, which also have a similar type of wheel on
reverse (7>. pi. XLIX, 14).
Tribal : uninscribed stater (fragment).
11*. 0. Centaur carrying nymph r. B. Quadripartite incuse
square. 5.75. PI. XIX.
Alexander I : octadrachm.
12. O. Horseman r. wearing petasos and carrying two spears.
B. Quadripartite incuse square around which АЛЕЕАЫДРО.
Cf. D. Raymond, Macedonian Regal Coinage to 413 B.C.,
pi. Ill (Group I, 480-477 B.C.). PL XIX.
Thrace
Abdera : tetradrachm (fragment).
13*. 0. Griffin std. 1. with r. forepaw raised ; to L, ТЕЛЕ.
В. Quadripartite incuse square.
May, Coinage of Abdera, no. 84 (Per. Ill, с 492-473/70 B.C.).
10.00. PL XIX.
Thasos : stater (fragment).
14*. O. Satyr carrying nymph г. В. Quadripartite incuse square.
8.69. PL XIX. 184 CM. KRAAY AND P. R. S. MOORE Y
CORCYRA
Stater.
15. 0. Cow stg. 1. with head reverted suckling calf r.
R. Double stellate pattern within linear border.
Hesperia Art Bulletin XL/XLI, 54. PI. XIX.
Attica
Athens : Wappenmiinzen, obol.
16*. 0. Four-spoked wheel. R. Incuse sqare divided diagonally.
0.59. PL XIX.
Athens : archaic owls. 0. Head of Athena г., wearing crested
Attic helmet. R. Owl stg. r. ; to 1., sprig of olive ; to г., А0Е.
Tetradrachms.
17. Gf. Seltman Gp. M (e.g. A 269). PI. XIX.
18. Cf. Gp. Gi (e.g. A 104). 16.99. Hesperia Art Bulletin
XL/XLI, 45. PL XIX.
19. Cf. Seltman Gp. Gi-ii (e.g. A 143, 168). Hesperia Art Bulletin 43. PL XX.
20. Seltman Gp. E (dotted theta on rev.). Hesperia Art Bulletin
XL/XLI, 44. PL XX.
21-2 Reported belonging to find, but no details available.
Fragments : tetradrachms.
23*. 6.54. PL XX.
24*. Seltman Gp. F (studs on bowl of helmet). 8.62. PL XX.
25*. Gp. E 8.83. PL XX.
26*. Seltman Gp. E 4.18. PL XX.
27*. Gp. E 11.09. PL XX.
28*. Seltman Gp. E (cf. P 72 with two large olive leaves hanging
vertically beside owl's head). 3.30.
29*. 8.56 ; 30*. 6.24 ; 31*. 5.67 ; 32*. 5.58 ; 33*. 5.07 ; 34*. 3.80 ;
35*. 3.64 ; 36*. 3.60 ; 37*. 3.47 ; 38*. 1.60. PL XX (except nos 32-
3, 35, 37-8).
Fragment : drachma.
39*. 1.38. PL XX. TWO FIFTH CENTURY HOARDS 185
Athens : post-Persian War issues, with wreath on helmet.
Fragments.
40*. Tetradrachm : cf. Seltman Gp. N (A 272-278 with four leaves
on helmet of Athena. 9.44. PL XX.
41. Decadrachm : obverse die is possibly Seltman A 300. 21.11.
P. M. Heinmiller, Pasadena, California. PI. XX.
In view of the influence which the reverse type of the deca
drachm had upon some of the so-called Philisto-Arabian issues
(Tr. CXXIII, 8-9, 16-17), it is interesting to find a specimen in this
general area.
42*. Tetradrachm : Seltman Gp. N (obv. die close to A 280).
10.27. PL XX.
Tetradrachms.
43. Hesperia Art Bulletin XL/XLI, 47 obv./48 rev. 17.18. PL XX.
44.Art 48 obv./47 rev. 17.18. PL XX.
45. Hesperia Art Bulletin XL/XLI, 49 17.18. PL XX.
46. 17.14. PL XX.
Though there are no shared dies, these four coins are all very
similar to each other, and belong to a single well-defined phase in
the development of the tetradrachm. In the preceding phase
(represented by nos. 41 and 42 above) the floral scroll on Athena's
helmet points more or less horizontally towards the tip of the
first olive leaf ; here the scroll has turned through a right angle and
points downwards to Athena's ear. The floral termination of the
scroll preserves the character of a bud with the calyx and with
the two lower sepals, drawn as minute volutes, clearly differentiated.
In the succeeding phase (not in the hoard) these elements are reduced
to five undifferentiated spikes. On all four coins the olive leaves
on the helmet preserve their leaf-like shape, though on two (43
and 46) the tiny stem which originally separated the leaf from the
supporting band below has already disappeared. On all four the
owl maintains the pose characteristic of this phase with head
tilted at a slight angle instead of being horizontal as is normal
later. This phase of Athenian coinage cannot be dated much
before the middle of the century, and the coins themselves had
suffered very little wear before burial. 186 с. m. kraay and p. r. s. moorey
Aegina
Staters (fragments).
47*. 0. Turtle B. Small 'skew' pattern. 7.38. PL XX.
48*. As last but JR. four triangles in 'mill-sail' pattern. 3.78.
No. 47 was probably struck between about 500 and 480 B.C. ;
no. 48 may be slightly earlier.
Corinth
Stater.
49. 0. Pegasus flying r. B. Head of Athena wearing Corinthian
helmet. Hesperia Art Bulletin XL/XLI, 57. PL XX.
Probably Corinth, though no initial is visible below Pegasus.
Neither die is represented in Ravel ; the obverse with Pegasus'
spidery fore-legs contracted before his chest and hind-legs drawn
up parallel beneath belly is closest to Ravel's P. 104