Eucharist

Louis Bouyer, Charles Underhill Quinn

Description

Eucharist is a detailed history of the Christian Eucharistic formularies. Bouyer gives a thorough analysis of the Jewish meal prayers, the berakoth, to which he traces the origins of the eucharistic rite, and ends with the recent addition of new eucharistic prayers to the Roman rite. He also includes the history of the various forms of the early Christian liturgies, of the Byzantine, Gallican, and Mozarabic Eucharists, of the changes introduced during the Reformation, and of developments in the Anglican, Lutheran, and Reformed traditions.

Sujets

• Religion
• Christianisme
• Lutheran
• Anglican
• Christian Practice
• Christian Rituals
• Philosophie et théologie
• Lutheranism
• Christian liturgy
• Reformed churches
• Liturgy
• Worship
• Protestant Reformation
• Theology
• Catholic
• Christianity
• Anglicanism
• Réformation
• Christian
• Anglicanisme

Informations

• Publié par: University of Notre Dame Press
• Date de parution: 31 juillet 1989
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780268076375
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

EUCHARIST
Theology and Spirituality of the Eucharistic Prayer
EUCHARIST
THEOLOGY AND SPIRITUALITY OF THE EUCHARISTIC PRAYER
LOUIS BOUYER
Translated by CHARLES UNDERHILL QUINN
UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME PRESS
Notre Dame
Nihil obstat:
Joseph Hoffman, C.S.C. Censor Deputatus
Imprimatur:
Leo A. Pursley, D.D. Bishop of Fort Wayne-South Bend July 8, 1968
PUBLISHER S NOTE: All translations of liturgical texts in this book are literal translations made for use by scholars and not necessarily the translations officially sanctioned for liturgical use.
ORIGINAL FRENCH TITLE: Eucharistie: th ologie et spiritualit de la pri re eucharistique First published by Descl e, Paris, 1966
UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME PRESS
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
www.undpress.nd.edu
Copyright 1968
University of Notre Dame
All Rights Reserved
Published in the United States of America
Reprinted in 1970, 1973, 1974, 1977, 1984, 1989, 2004, 2006
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 68-17064
ISBN 9780268076375
This book is printed on acid-free paper .
This e-Book was converted from the original source file by a third-party vendor. Readers who notice any formatting, textual, or readability issues are encouraged to contact the publisher at [e-mail] .
Acknowledgment is made to the following works for quotations used:
For the Jewish meal prayers:
David Hedegard, Seder R. Amram Gaon , Pt. I (Lund, 1951).
For the Andrieu-Collomp papyrus:
P. F. Palmer, S.J., Sacraments and Worship (Westminster, Md., 1955).
For the Didache:
Henry Bettinson, Documents of the Christian Church (London, 1959).
For the liturgy of Our Lord and the liturgy of Our Lady:
John M. Harden, The Anaphoras of the Ethiopic Liturgy (London and New York, 1928).
For the new translation of the Roman canon in English:
International Committee for English in the Liturgy (ICEL).
For the liturgy of Taiz :
Max Thurian, The Eucharistic Liturgy of Taiz (London, 1959).
For the later Anglican liturgies:
Jardine Grisbrooke; Anglican Liturgies of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (London, 1958).
For the Calvinish liturgy and Cranmer s Book of Common Prayer , as well as John Knox s liturgy:
Bard Thompson, Liturgies of the Western Church (Cleveland and New York, 1961).
For the Lutheran liturgy (new):
Luther D. Reed, The Lutheran Liturgy , 2nd ed. (Philadelphia, 1960).
For the Church of South India:
The Book of Common Worship of the CSU (Oxford, 1962).
For the Swedish Lutheran liturgies:
Eric E. Yelverton, The Mass in Sweden (Henry Bradshaw Society, Vol. 57, London, 1920).
For the Liturgy of Addai and Mari:
F. E. Brightman, Liturgies Eastern and Western (Oxford, 1896).
For the Roman preface for Easter (plus Christmas and Epiphany inserts:
Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.
For guidance in translating and for some passages reprinted from the Roman canon:
The New St. Andrew Bible Missal (Bruges).
Contents
F OREWORD
I .
T HEOLOGIES ON THE E UCHARIST AND T HEOLOGY OF THE E UCHARIST
II .
J EWISH L ITURGY AND C HRISTIAN L ITURGY
III .
T HE W ORD OF G OD AND THE B ERAKAH
The Word of God and the knowledge of God
The berakoth , the response to the Word
IV .
T HE J EWISH Berakoth
The transmission of the traditional formulas
The short formularies
The berakoth preceding the Shemah : the Qedushah
The Tefillah of the Shemoneh Esreh
The meal berakoth
The different structures of the Christian Eucharist
V .
F ROM THE J EWISH Berakah TO THE C HRISTIAN E UCHARIST
Jesus use of the berakah
The meal berakoth and the institution of the Eucharist
The meaning of the Memorial
The Jewish berakoth and the prayer of the first Christians
The first eucharistic liturgies: the Didache
The Apostolic Constitutions
VI .
T HE P ATRISTIC E UCHARIST AND THE V ESTIGES OF THE P RIMITIVE E UCHARIST
The constitution of the traditional formularies of the eucharist
The West Syrian and Gallican-Mozarabic types
The Alexandrian and the Roman types
The survival of a more ancient type in the East Syrian tradition: Addai and Mari
Resurgence of the archaic type in the Apostolic Tradition of St. Hippolytus
The transformation of the anamnesis and the birth of the epiclesis
Other evidences of the same type
VII .
T HE A LEXANDRIAN AND R OMAN E UCHARISTS
Is St. Hippolytus a witness of the origins of the Roman liturgy?
The Alexandrian liturgy and the presence of the intercessions in the first part of the eucharist
The Der Balizeh anaphora and the Andrieu-Collomp papyrus: the anaphora of Serapion
Anamnesis and epiclesis in the Egyptian liturgy
The kinship between the Egyptian and Roman eucharists and the primitive form of their epicleses
The structure of the Roman canon and its explanation
VIII .
T HE W EST S YRIAN L ITURGY: THE A POSTOLIC C ONSTITUTIONS AND THE L ITURGY OF S AINT J AMES
The late character of the West Syrian eucharist and the factors in its formation
The structure and the sources of the eucharist of the Apostolic Constitutions
The final synthesis of the eucharist of St. James
IX .
T HE C LASSICAL F ORM OF THE B YZANTINE E UCHARIST
The Antiochian liturgy of the Twelve Apostles
From the liturgy of the Twelve Apostles to the Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom
The liturgy of St. Basil, its composition and the different stages of its evolution
Syrian survival in the long form of Addai and Mari
The East Syrian Survival of Intermediary types
Genealogy and genesis of the epiclesis
X.
T HE G ALLICAN AND M OZARABIC E UCHARIST
The Gallican and Mozarabic eucharist and its kinship with the West Syrian type
From improvisation to imposed formularies : the problem of the liturgical year
The oratio fidelium and the intercessions of the Canon
XI .
T HE M IDDLE A GES : D EVELOPMENT AND D EFORMATION
The multiplication of the late formularies and their deformation
The eucharist of Nestorius: scholastic theology and biblical overlay
The Armenian eucharist: fidelity to tradition in new developments
Late Syrian anaphoras and the Ethiopian anaphoras
Preface, Communicantes and Hanc igitur in the sacramentaries
The silent canon and the accompanying false developments
XII .
M ODERN T IMES : D ECOMPOSITION AND R EFORMATION
The eucharist buried under untraditional formularies and interpretations
Luther s Formula Missae and Deutsche Messe , the last product of medieval deviation
The un-eucharistic eucharist of the Reformers: Zwingli, Oecolampadius, Farel and Calvin
Survivals and first attempts at restoration among the Lutherans; the Swedish liturgy from Olaus Petri to John III
Cranmer and the Anglican eucharist
The first rediscovery of tradition by the English Calvinists
The restoration of the Anglican eucharist in Scotland and with the Non-Jurors
The return to tradition with the French reformers: from Osterwald to Taiz
The eucharist of the Church of South India
The new eucharistic liturgy of the American Lutheran Church
XIII .
T HE C ATHOLIC E UCHARIST RENEWED
The Twentieth Century
C ONCLUSION
B IBLICAL I NDEX
I NDEX OF RABBINICAL TEXTS
I NDEX OF THE S YNAGOGUE LITURGY
I NDEX OF ANCIENT C HRISTIAN WRITERS
I NDEX OF C HRISTIAN LITURGIES
I NDEX OF MODERN AUTHORS
Foreword
This book is the result of more than twenty years of research.
It is appearing at a moment when the understanding of the traditional eucharistic prayer, and especially the canon of the Roman mass, is more timely than ever. On one hand it has been a very long time since we have seen such a lively and widespread desire in the Catholic Church to rediscover a eucharist that is fully living and real. Yet, unfortunately, there has also never been a time when we have been so confidently presented with such fantastic theories that, once put into practice, would make us lose practically everything of authentic tradition that we have still preserved. May this volume contribute its part toward promoting this renewal and discouraging an ignorant and pretentious anarchy that could mean its downfall.
We are exceedingly grateful to all who have helped us in this work. Among more recent researchers, we are particularly indebted to E. Bishop and A. Baumstark. No contemporary scholar has more enlightened or stimulated us than this so upright and perceptive a master with whom we have had the honor of being associated as one of his more modest first-hour collaborators in founding the Institut d tudes liturgiques of Paris, Dom Bernard Botte. The best homage that we could render to his critical knowledge is to say that even when we came to part company on a few secondary points we were able to do so only by attempting to apply his own principles in the spirit that he himself had inculcated in us.
At this point may we also express our gratitude to all who have facilitated our research, particularly the Benedictines of Downside Abbey who put the treasures of the library of the late E. Bishop at our disposal. Professor Cyrille Vogel who did the same for the University of Strasbourg libraries, Canon A. Gabriel whose warm hospitality, equalled only by his impeccable scholarship turned the Medieval Institute in the Library of the University of Notre Dame into a kind of seventh heaven for scholars and researchers. Also the many Jewish friends who showed so much sympathy for our studies, especially Rabbi Marc H. Tannenbaum of New York for his heartwarming encouragement and Cantor Brown of Temple Bethel, South Bend, Indiana, who was not merely content with generously lending us the most precious books of his own library, but also helped us with his experience with the Synagogue ritual. If this book could make even a slight contribution toward friendship between Jews and Christians, it would be the realization of one of our most heartfelt wishes. A last tribute of our gratitude must go to our young confrere Jean Lesaulnier who untiringly devoted himself to procuring or photocopying for us the document