Changing Trends in Mental Health Care and Research in Ghana

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Description

This Reader is about the changing trends in mental health care and research in Ghana. The book includes a brief history of the department and Mental Health Care in Ghana through the eyes of professionals who have lived this history. There is also a revised situation analysis of mental health services and legislation from 2005. These are followed by three main sections on Conceptualization of Mental Illness (depression, religion and illness, autism, substance use disorders and schizophrenia), Mental Health Practice in a teaching hospital setting (referrals to Korle-Bu, how psychiatric illnesses manifest, how people�s lives are affected and what skill sets and resources are available for dealing with them) and finally the Department�s focus on research includes the Mental Health Information System, Sickle Cell Disease, Medical Ethics, and Liaison Psychiatry. In the concluding paragraph, read about the way forward in mental health care and research.

Informations

• Publié par: Sub-Saharan Publishers
• Date de parution: 29 décembre 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 1
• EAN13: 9789988860271
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

Changing Trends in
Mental Health Care
and Research in Ghana
Editors
Angela Ofori-Atta
Sammy Ohene
A READER OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY
UNIVERSITY OF GHANA MEDICAL SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF GHANA 65TH ANNIVERSARY READER PROJECT
CLINICAL SCIENCES SERIES NO 3
mental_health_interior_1.indd i 02/05/14 15.49First published in Ghana 2014 for THE UNIVERSITY OF GHANA
by Sub-Saharan Publishers
P.O.Box 358
Legon-Accra
Ghana
Email: [e-mail]
© University of Ghana, 2014,
P.O.Box LG 25
Legon- Accra
Ghana
Tel: [phone]
website:http://www.ug.edu.gh
ISBN: 978-9988-647-38-4978-9988-8602-1-9
Editorial Board:
Prof.(Emerita) Mary Esther Dakubu
Prof. Ama de-Graft Aikins
Prof. Kwadwo Ansah Koram
Prof. C. Charles Mate-Kole
Clinical Sciences Series Editor:
Prof. C. Charles Mate- Kole
Copyright Notice
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the University
of Ghana or the publishers.
All Rights Reserved.
Cover page design: Samuel Adjei, KNUST 2013,Contents
Foreword vi
List of Tables iii
List of Figures v
List of Contributing Authors and Affi liated Institutions vi
Section A Mental Healthcare in Ghana
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Angela Ofori-Atta & Sammy Ohene
Chapter 2 Overview of Mental Healthcare in Ghana 4
Lily Kpobi, Akwasi Osei & Araba Sefa-Dedeh
Chapter 3 History of the Department of Psychiatry 13
Araba Sefa–Dedeh
Chapter 4 An updated Situation Analysis of Mental Health Services
and Legislation in Ghana: Challenges for Transformation 17
A. Ofori-Atta, U.M. Read, C. Lund, & the MHaPP Research Programme
Consortium
Section B Conceptualization of Mental Illness
Chapter 5 The Ghanaian Non-Medical Conceptualization
of Mood Disorders 47
Sammy Ohene & Selassie Addom Department of Psychiatry
Chapter 6 Religion and Psychotherapy 60
Araba Sefa-Dedeh
Chapter 7 The State of Autism in Ghana: A Focus on Cultural
Understanding and Challenges in the Ghanaian Setting 69
Joana Salifu & C. Charles Mate-Kole
Chapter 8 Substance Use Disorders in Ghana 83
J. B. Asare & Akua Afriyie Addae
Chapter 9 Schizophrenia in Primary Care 99
David Goldberg, Gabriel Ivbijaro, Lucia Kolkiewicz & Sammy Ohene
Section C Mental Health Practice in a Teaching Hospital Setting
Chapter 10 Liaison Psychiatry in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital 119
Patrick Boateng, Angela Ofori-Atta & Sammy Ohene
Chapter 11 Neuropsychological Functioning of Adult
Sickle Cell Disease Patients in Ghana 129
M. Ampomah, C.C. Mate-Kole, A. Ofori- Atta, A. Anum, S. Ohene, I. Ekem,
.K. Acquaye, G. Ankra-Badu, F. Sey & A. Sefa-Dedeh
•iii•
mental_health_interior_1.indd iii 02/05/14 15.49
Chapter 12 Psychological Wellbeing and Quality of Life Among Chronic
Kidney Disease Patients in Ghana 147
Vincent Boima, Vincent Ganu, David Adjei, Charlotte Osafo, Michael
Mate-Kole, Dwomoa Adu & C. Charles Mate-Kole
Chapter 13 Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Related Functional Bowel
Disorders in an Urban Gastroenterology Practice 161
Timothy N. A. Archampong & . K. N. Nkrumah,
Chapter 14 Group Therapy for Mothers of Unwell Neonatal Infants 182
Hannah Belle A. Anang, Salma Yusuf Adusei, Ethel Akpene Atefoe,
Yasmin Mohammed & Angela Ofori-Atta.
Chapter 15 Play Therapy; a Pilot Project Supporting ChildrenUnder-
going cancer treatment at the Korle- Bu Teaching Hospital
J. Osae-Larbi, R. Acquaah-Arhin, S. Mork, & A. Ofori-Atta 194
Chapter 16 Breaking Bad News 203
Seth Asafo
Section D Research in Psychiatry and Clinical Biology
Chapter 17 A Qualitative Study of Stresses faced by Ghanaian Medical
Students 212
Angela Ofori-Atta, Olive Okraku, Seraphim Mork, Abena Sarfo,
E. Ghanney, A. Sefa- Dedeh & Sammy Ohene.
Chapter 18 Is the Concept of Learning Disabilities Applicable for Ghana?
Dzifa Attah & C. Charles Mate-Kole 228
Chapter 19 Dilemmas of Healthcare Professionals in Ghana 244
Angela Ofori-Atta & Helen Jack
Chapter 20 Experience of Strengthening the Mental Health
Information System in Ghana’s Three Psychiatric Hospitals 255
A.Ofori-Atta, T. Mirzoev, A. Mensah-Kufuor, A. Osei, A. Dzadey,
K. Armah-Aloo, & K.D.Atweam
Chapter 21 The Way Forward for Mental Health in the 21st Century in
Ghana 263
A. Ofori-Atta & S. Ohene
Index 267
•iv•
mental_health_interior_1.indd iv 02/05/14 15.49List of Tables
Table 4.1: Number of beds and length of inpatient admission to
psychiatric hospitals in Ghana 24
Table 4.2: Inpatient diagnoses at psychiatric hospitals in
Ghana, 2005 25
Table 4.3: Outpatient attendance by gender at psychiatric
hospitals in Ghana, 2005 26
Table 4.4: Outpatient psychiatric service utilisation per region, 2005 28
Table 8.1: The Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous 93
Table 10.1: Referring departments 122
Table 10.2: Referring diagnoses by sex from KBTH 2009-2012 124
Table 13.1: Manning criteria for the diagnosis of irritable bowel
syndrome 166
Table 13.2: Rome III diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome 167
Table 13.3: Factors associated with disease exacerbation in IBS 170
Table 13.4 Factors associated with disease exacerbation in NUD 170
Table 13.5 Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Non-ulcer dyspepsia
treatment response 177
Table 19.1 Descriptive characteristics of healthcare providers 247
Table 19.2 Common scenarios for the dilemmas of healthcare 248
providers
Table 19.3 Classifi cation of dilemmas 250
Table 20.1 Capacity building and monitoring workshops 258
Table 20.2 Overview of MHIS in Ghana before and post intervention 259
List of Figures
Fig 2.1 Distribution of psychiatrists per 100,000 people 7
Fig 2.2 Distribution of psychiatric nurses per 100,000 10
Fig 4.1 Organisation of mental health services in Ghana. 22
Fig 4 2 Optimal mix of mental health services (WHO, 2003) 36
Fig 10.1 Age distribution of in-patients referred from KBTH to
the Department of Psychiatry in 2009-2012 122
Fig 19.1 Distribution of dilemma classifi cations 250
mental_health_interior_1.indd v 02/05/14 15.49Foreword
The University of Ghana is celebrating sixty-fi ve years of its founding
this year. In all those years, lecturers and researchers of the university
have contributed in quite signifi cant ways to the development of
thought and in the analyses of critical issues for Ghanaian and African
societies. The celebration of the anniversary provides an appropriate
opportunity for a refl ection on the contributions that Legon academics
have made to the intellectual development of Ghana and Africa. That
is the aim of the University of Ghana Readers Project.
In the early years of the University, all the material that was used
to teach students came largely from the United Kingdom and other
parts of Europe. Most of the thinking in all disciplines was largely
Eurocentric. The material that was used to teach students was mainly
European, as indeed were many of the academics teaching the students.
The norms and standards against which students were assessed were
infl uenced largely by European values. The discussions that took place
in seminar and lecture rooms were driven largely by what Africa could
learn from Europe.
The 1960s saw a major ‘revisionism’ in African intellectual
development as young African academics began to question received
ideas against a backdrop of changing global attitudes in the wake of
political independence. Much serious writing was done by African
academics as their contribution to the search for new ways of organizing
their societies. African intellectuals contributed to global debates
in their own right and sometimes developed their own material for
engaging with their students and the wider society.
Since the late 1970s universities in the region and their academics
have struggled to make their voices heard in national and global
debates. Against a new backdrop of economic stagnation and political
disarray, many of the ideas for managing their economies and societies
have come from outside. These ideas have often come with signifi cant
fi nancial backing channelled through international organizations and
governments. During the period, African governments saw themselves
as having no reason to expect or ask for any intellectual contribution
from their own academics. This was very much the case in Ghana.
•vi•
mental_health_interior_1.indd vi 02/05/14 15.49Foreword
The story is beginning to change in universities in many African
countries. The University of Ghana Readers Project is an attempt to
document the different ideas and debates that have infl uenced various
disciplines over many years through collections of short essays and
articles. They show the work of Legon academics and their collaborators
in various disciplines as they have sought to introduce their research
communities and stud