African Studies in Russia

Mama

Description

The publication is the latest in the African Studies in Russia series of compilations and contains full articles and annotations of the most important - from the point of view of editors - works of Russian Africanists over a certain period. The authors work at the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). The present issue covers the years 2010 to 2013 and consists of two sections. The first section presents conceptual articles on Africa published in authoritative journals. The second section offers synopses of books by Russian authors on economics, cultural anthropology, social and political development, gender studies, and international relations of African countries. The main objective of the triennial series of compilations is to introduce new findings of Russian Africanists to interested foreign scholars who do not speak Russian.

Sujets

• African Studies

Informations

• Publié par: MeaBooks Inc
• Date de parution: 29 décembre 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780993996955
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

of two sections. The first section presents conceptual articles on

the triennial series of compilations is to introduce new findings of

AFRICAN STUDIES IN RUSSIA.

Works of the Institute for AFRICAN STUDIES IN RUSSIA

Works of the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Yearbook 2010–2013

RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INSTITUTE FOR AFRICAN STUDIES

AFRICAN STUDIES IN RUSSIA

Works of the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Yearbook 2010–2013

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ISBN: 9780993996948

Editorial Board A.M. Vasiliev (Editor-in-chief) I.O. Abramova, M.N. Amvrosova, D.M. Bondarenko, L.L. Fituni

Editor M.N. Amvrosova

Compiled by A.N. Ivanov

Translation from Russian by S.V. Kostelyanets

African Studies in Russia. Works of th e Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Yearbook 2010–2013.– Moscow, 2014, 188 p.

The publication is the latest in thein RussiaAfrican Studies series of compilations and contains full articles and annotations of the most important – from the point of view of editors – works of Russian Africanists over a certain period. The authors work at the Institute for African S tudies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). The present issue covers the years 2010 to 2013 and consists of two sections. The first section presents conceptual articles on Africa published in authoritative journals. The second section offers synopses of books by Russian authors on economics, cultural anthropology, social and political development, gender studies, and international relations of African countries. The main objective of the triennial series of compilations is to introduce new findings of Russian Africanists to interested foreign scholars who do not speak Russian.

© Institute for African Studies RAS, 2014 © Authors, 2014 © Abisheva G.M., design, 2014

CONTENTS

ARTICLES Leonid Fituni, Irina Abramova.Patterns of Formation and Transition of Models of Global Economic Development …………………….. Irina Abramova.Urbanization in Africa. Driver or Impediment to Economic Growth? ……………………………………………...

Irina Matsenko.Sub-Saharan Africa: Implementation of the Millennium Development Goals …………………………….

Georgiy Roshchin.International Corporations in Africa: How They Cooperate With the National Business and What Changes Bring to the Economy of the Black Continent ………………………………..

Igor Sledzevskiy.Africa’s Challenge: the Civilizational Crisis of Catching-Up Development ……………………………………...

Yevgeniy Korendyasov, Andrey Urnov, Vladimir Shubin.Africa, Russia and the 50th Anniversary of the OAU/AU …………………

Dmitri Bondarenko."Universal" Concept of Human Rights and "African Specifics" …………………………………………….

Stanislav Mezentsev.Use of Foreign Military Force in Africa (on the example of the Horn of Africa) ……………………………

Andrey Korotaev, Yulia Zinkina.How to Optimize Fertility and Prevent Humanitarian Catastrophes in Tropical Africa ……….

Leonid Fituni."Arab Spring": Transformation of Political Paradigm in Context Of International Relations ……………………………...

Nailia Fakhrutdinova.Has the "Arab Spring" Really Happened? (Another Look at the Events in Arab Countries). Features of the Arab Political Culture and Potential for the Formation of Civil Society ……………………………………………………. SYNOPSIS Encyclopedia "Africa" ………………………………………………… Economic studies ……………………………………………………… Sociological and political studies ……………………………………... International studies ……………………………………………………

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61

75

81

94

108

126

139 142 154 160

Socio-cultural studies …………………………………………………. Gender studies ………………………………………………………… North African Studies …………………………………………………. Tropical African studies ………………………………………………. Southern Africa studies ………………………………………………..

165 169 173 178 185

ARTICLES

Leonid Fituni Irina Abramova

PATTERNS OF FORMATION AND TRANSITION OF MODELS OF * GLOBAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

st At the beginning of the 21 century world economic development was marked by a number of processes and shocks indicating the fundamental change takingplace in theglobal economy. The developmentparadigms and paradigms of relations between econo mic entities, which have existed for decades, are now undergoingprofound changes. Where the removal of ac- cumulated imbalances and contradictions is unreasonably delayed, or the path of peaceful evolutionary transformation becomes impossible, there the contradiction between the obsolete “old” and the emerging “new” pushes for a solution through a crisis. Modern economics assumes that the definingfeatures of theglobal econ- th st omy– earlin the late 20 ywere s21 centuries ystemprocesses: internation- alization, globalization and integration. They are transforming the global econ- omy towards overcoming internal barriers of state borders, ideally turning it (which in the real world is still, in the authors’ opinion, unattainable) into an integrated whole – a huge economic macrocell with apowerful center core sur- th rounded bytheprotoplasm of theglobalperiphery. Accordingto the 20 cen- turymodels ofglobal economic development, the role of the latter is toprotect the core, ensure its continued growth an d development, protect it against ad- verse external impacts and facilitate the healing of internal pathologies. However, in recent decades, the apparent center-periphery dichotomy has undergone substantial corrosion. Theprocess of redistribution ofglobal power and influence and of strengtheningof newpoles of the emerging polycentric international system has become pronounced. There have been tectonic shifts in the balance of power between leading economic centers of power. Some countries, such as China, India, Brazil and others, previously attributed to the global periphery, began to achieve an unprecedented (for them) economicpower andgeopolitical importance. At the same time, the traditional center of theglobalized economyslowlybegan to lose at least some of the levers of control over the world economy, which had been fully at its command until then. According to the Russian Ministry of Foreign Af- * First published inWorld Economy and International Relations. Issue 7, 2012.

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fairs, "Against this background, there is a relative decline in the influence and capabilities of the countries which are attributed to the historical West, 1 weakening their role as the "engine" of global development". A great many researchers who focus on studying global processes and who belong to different scientific schools and profess different methodologi- cal approaches almost unconditionally agree that the ongoing processes sig- nify a change of epoch. The authors of this paper put forward the hypothesis that such a "change of epoch" is associated with a qualitative transformation of the models of global economic development (MGED).

MGED as an economic category MGED transition can be interpreted as a natural, conscious adaptation of the leading global economies to the ch anging technological, environmental and “populational”(implying a broader than purely demographic range of issues) shifts in the development of the mankind. However, we also cannot but consider these ongoing processes to be objective natural “leaps”, which are revolutionary in the philosophical sense, and that means, in comparison with the first case, a higher probability of unforeseen developments, dramatic effects and bitter conflicts and, most importantly, unpredictable outcomes. Either way, these processes lie in th e context of the general trend toward globalization that has been dominating and determining the development of the global economy in recent decades.

Figure 1. Submodel structure of MGED

When we talk about MGED, we mean first of all stable and repeating paradigms of the formation of international public relations associated with

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