Agriculture Audit-5 Dec.pmd

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• Nombre de lectures: 28
• Langue: English

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GENDER AUDIT
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE,
SUGAR AND LAND RESETTLEMENT
Ministry for Women, Social Welfare & Poverty Alleviation,
Republic of the Fiji Islands
P.O. Box 14068 Suva, F
Funded by the Asian Development Bank,
Manila, Philippines
November 2003
Agriculture Audit-5 Dec.pmd 75 11/12/2003, 8:48 AMThis report is the result of a technical assistance project (TA No. 3360-FIJ) from the
Asian Development Bank, carried out by a team of consultants from Agriteam Canada
Consulting Ltd.
USP Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Gender audit. Ministry of Agriculture, Sugar and Land Resettlement - Suva, Fiji : Ministry for
Women, Social Welfare & Poverty Alleviation, 2003.
p. : ill. ; 21 cm.
ISBN 982-9007-09-X
1. Women in development - Fiji 2. Women - Government policy - Fiji 3. Sex role -
Government policy - Fiji 5. Fiji. Ministry of Agriculture, Sugar and Land Resettlement I. Fiji.
Ministry for Women, Social Welfare & Poverty Alleviation II. Fiji. Ministry for Women, Social
Welfare & Poverty Alleviation
HQ1240.5.F5G462 2003 305.231099611
Copies of this Publication may be obtained from
Ministry for Women, Social Welfare & Poverty Alleviation,
P.O. Box 14068 Suva, Fiji Islands
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
Web site: http://women.fiji.gov.fj
and
Asian Development Bank
P.O. Box 789 0980 Manila, Philippines
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
Web sites: http://www.adb.org/publications.adb.org/gender
Agriculture Audit-5 Dec.pmd 76 11/12/2003, 8:48 AMiii
Foreword
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n 1998, the Ministry for Women, Social Welfare & Poverty Alleviation launched the Women’sIPlan of Action (1999–2008). The five main areas of focus are mainstreaming women and
gender concerns, women and the law, microenterprise development, shared decision making,
and violence against women and children.
These are considered the priorities that the Fiji Islands must address if we are to improve
the status of women in our country.
Government’s commitment to gender equality is further reinforced in its endorsement of
the Millenium Development Goals, the overarching objectives of which are aimed at eradicating
absolute poverty and hunger by 2015. The third of the eight goals clearly states that promoting
gender equality and empowering women are critical if governments are to achieve sustainable
development and eliminate the root causes of poverty. There is growing and compelling
evidence that women not only bear the brunt of poverty but also that their empowerment is
critically important for eliminating poverty.
In stating our commitment to gender equity, we recognize that this must be accompanied
by practical, realistic, and achievable strategies. One such strategy is the focus on gender
mainstreaming as articulated in the Beijing Platform for Action:
…Governments and other actors should promote an active and visible policy of
mainstreaming a gender perspective in all policies and programs, so that before decisions
are made, an analysis is made of the effects on women and men, respectively.
The Ministry for Women supports this strategy and has established a Task Force on
Gender Mainstreaming that is chaired by the Ministry of Finance and National Planning. The
Task Force is mandated to implement gender mainstreaming and to support and strengthen
gender responsiveness in all government processes.
This gender audit is an outcome of an Asian Development Bank-funded technical assis-
tance (TA No. 3360-FIJ) for the Women’s Plan of Action, carried out during November 2001–
January 2003 and designed to support the gender mainstreaming strategy. The project assisted
the Ministry and the Task Force on Gender Mainstreaming to begin to assess and analyze
systematically national and sectoral policies/programs for their responsiveness to gender, based
on the Women’s Plan of Action. The approach was piloted in two ministries with the expectation
of replicability in other government organizations. This report provides a gender audit of the
Ministry of Ministry of Agriculture, Sugar and Land Settlement. A companion report covers
the Ministry of Health.
Mr. Rishi Ram
Permanent Secretary
Ministry for Women, Social Welfare & Poverty Alleviation
Agriculture Audit-5 Dec.pmd 77 11/12/2003, 8:48 AMAgriculture Audit-5 Dec.pmd 78 11/12/2003, 8:48 AMv
Contents
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FOREWORD ..................................................................................................................... iii
ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................ vi
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. vii
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1
Background ................................................................................................................. 1
Rationale and Objectives .......................................................................................... 2
Methodology............................................................................................................... 4
OVERVIEW OF GENDER ISSUES AND ELEMENTS OF
THE ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................ 7
Globalization and Commercialization of Agriculture ......................................... 10
Population Dynamics ............................................................................................... 11
Increasing Pressure on Natural Resources .......................................................... 14
Disaster-related Complex Emergencies ................................................................ 15
Technological Change ............................................................................................. 15
Summary ................................................................................................................... 16
GENDER AUDIT OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, SUGAR AND
LAND RESETTLEMENT 17
Organizational Analysis of the Ministry .............................................................. 21
Analysis of the Policy Development Process in the Ministry ........................... 28
ANALYSIS OF KEY PERFORMANCE AREAS IN THE MINISTRY OF
AGRICULTURE, SUGAR AND LAND RESETTLEMENT .................................... 31
CASE STUDY: ANALYSIS OF THE FOOD SECURITY POLICY
USING THE GENDER ASSESSMENT PATHWAY (GAP) TOOL ....................... 55
STRATEGIC PLAN FOR INSTITUTIONALIZING GENDER
MAINSTREAMING IN THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE,
SUGAR AND LAND RESETTLEMENT .................................................................. 59
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................. 69
APPENDIXES
Appendix 1: Ministry of Health Core Team Members ........................................ 73
Appendix 2: Members of the Agriteam Canada Consulting Team .................... 74
Agriculture Audit-5 Dec.pmd 79 11/12/2003, 8:48 AMvi GENDER AUDIT – MINISTRY OF HEALTH
Abbreviations
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ADB Asian Development Bank
ALTA Agricultural Land Tenancy Act
GAP gender assessment pathway
GDP gross domestic product
GFP Gender Focal Point
GTF Gender Task Force
HRD human resource development
KPA key performance area
MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (former title)
MoAy of Agriculture, Sugar and Land Resettlement
MoF Ministry of Finance
MoWy for Women, Social Welfare and Poverty Alleviation
PSC Public Service Commission
SPIGM Strategic Plan for Institutionalizing Gender Mainstreaming
WPA Women’s Plan of Action
WTO World Trade Organization
Agriculture Audit-5 Dec.pmd 80 11/12/2003, 8:48 AMExecutive Summary vii
Executive Summary
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he goal of the gender audit was to contribute to strengthening government processesTby providing an assessment of any differential impact on males and females because
of policies, programs, organizational structures, and processes within the Ministry Agriculture,
Sugar and Land Resettlement (MoA) and to identify where strategic initiatives could be
implemented to build commitment to and strengthen capacities for gender mainstreaming.
The audit was a pilot activity, intended to be replicated in other ministries, and the
process assisted the Ministry for Women, Social Welfare & Poverty Alleviation to develop
appropriate support and guidance for further gender mainstreaming within the Government.
The study team assessed the presence and level of various factors that facilitate gender
mainstreaming, such as political will and leadership, an appropriate policy framework to
support a gender mainstreaming approach, and staff with the knowledge and skills to
carry out a gender analysis and gender-responsive planning and implementation.
In collaboration with a Core Team drawn from staff of the ministry, the study team
conducted surveys/interviews with ministry staff; reviewed relevant documents; verified
initial findings through follow-up interviews, focus-group sessions, and field visits;
selected one policy area as a