Attachment D: Rise of Russia: Lasting Contributions (Class Notes)

Pwcs-Kcampbell

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• Publié par: ifydesut
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• Langue: Français

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Attachment D: Rise of Russia: Lasting Contributions (Class Notes)

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Importance of Location

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Steppe provides a natural highway for nomads.

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Network of rivers provide transportation and led to trade, particularly with the Byzantine

Empire.

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Kiev is located at the center of trade among the Vikings, Slavs, and Byzantines.

Influence of Byzantine Culture

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Byzantine cultural influence is possible because of trade routes linking the Baltic Sea and

Black Sea.

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Prince Vladimir adopts Orthodox Christianity, and Russia spreads it to much of Eastern

Europe.

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St. Cyril adopts the Greek alphabet to the Slavic language, thus, creating the Cyrillic

alphabet, which enables Slavs to read the Bible.

Church Architecture and Religious Art

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Onion-shaped domed churches, modification of Byzantine domes

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Icons and mosaics used as decoration for buildings

Mongol Conquest

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Golden Horde, led by Ghengis Khan, conquers early Russia.

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Massive destruction occurs: Towns are destroyed and people are killed.

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Russia is in state of decline and cut off from Western Europe under Mongol rule.

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Moscow grows in importance after Kiev’s destruction.

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Church grows more powerful, since the Mongols tolerate the Eastern Orthodox Church.

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Trade routes between China and Eastern Europe open up.

Russia Emerges

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Princes gain more power under Mongol rule and adapt the Mongol leadership model of

absolute rule.

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Ivan the Great rejects Mongol rule and unites Russia.

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Moscow becomes the capital and the “Third Rome.”

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Ivan the Great takes the title czar (Caesar), and vows to carry on the traditions of Rome and

Constantinople,