LEUKOCYTE ANTIGENS AS CANDIDATE GENES TO IMPROVE THE IMMUNORESPONSE IN SWINE(ANTÍGENOS LEUCOCITARIOS COMO GENES CANDIDATOS PARA MEJORAR LA RESPUESTA INMUNE EN CERDOS)

Moreno A.

Description

Abstract
Leukocyte antigens (CD) have functions related to immune response and are of interest as classical candidate genes for health. Polymorphisms (e.g. SNPs) in these genes may be associated with variation in the immune response and consequently in disease response. This approach is being taken in search of susceptibility genes for swine disease. In addition, these genes may vary between populations, especially where specific adaptation to pathogens has occurred, and are of potential interest in characterising pig biodiversity.
Resumen
Los antígenos leucocitarios (CD) tienen funciones relacionadas con la respuesta inmune y son de interés con genes candidatos clásicos para la salud. Los Polimorfismos (ej. SNPs) en estos genes pueden estar asociados con variaciones en la respuesta inmune y consecuentemente con la respuesta a la enfermedad. Este ensayo se está desarrollando en la búsqueda de susceptibilidades genéticas a enfermedades porcinas. Adicionalmente, estos genes pueden variar entre poblaciones, especialmente en la que han ocurrido adaptaciones a patógenos, y suponen un interés potencial para la caracterización de la biodiversidad porcina.

Sujets

• Immunogenetics
• SNP
• Inmunogenética

Informations

• Publié par: erevistas
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2003
• Nombre de lectures: 11
• Langue: English

Extrait

POSTER
LEUKOCYTE ANTIGENS AS CANDIDATE GENES TO IMPROVE
THE IMMUNORESPONSE IN SWINE
ANTÍGENOS LEUCOCITARIOS COMO GENES CANDIDATOS PARA MEJORAR LA
RESPUESTA INMUNE EN CERDOS
Moreno, A., L. Morera, J.J. Garrido, A. Jiménez, G. Esteso, G. Paños, N. Yubero,
M. Barbancho and D. Llanes
Department of Genetics. Veterinary Faculty. Molecular Markers of Domestic Animals Group. UCO CSIC.
University of Cordoba. Edificio C 5. Campus de Rabanales. 14071 Córdoba. Spain.
ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS PALABRAS CLAVE ADICONALES
Immunogenetics. Leukocyte antigens. SNP. Inmunogenética. Antígenos leucocitarios. SNP.
SUMMARY
susceptibilidades genéticas a enfermedadesLeukocyte antigens (CD) have functions
related to immune response and are of interest asporcinas.
Adicionalmente, estos genes pueden variarclassical candidate genes for health. Polymor
phisms (e.g. SNPs) in these genes may be entre poblaciones, especialmente en la que han
ocurrido adaptaciones a patógenos, y suponenassociated with variation in the immune response
and consequently in disease response. This un interés potencial para la caracterización de la
biodiversidad porcina.approach is being taken in search of susceptibility
genes for swine disease. In addition, these
genes may vary between populations, especially
where specific adaptation to pathogens has
occurred, and are of potential interest in
In the last twenty years the number
characterising pig biodiversity.
of leukocyte receptors discovered in
humans and domestic animals have
been increasing enormously. The first
RESUMEN
International Workshop and conferen
ce on Human Leukocyte differentiation
Los antígenos leucocitarios (CD) tienen fun
antigens (HLDA), which was held inciones relacionadas con la respuesta inmune y
Paris in 1982, proposed the Clusterson de interés con genes candidatos clásicos
Differentiation (CD) nomenclature forpara la salud. Los Polimorfismos (ej. SNPs) en
the leukocyte surface antigens recog estos genes pueden estar asociados con varia
nized by at least two independentciones en la respuesta inmune y consecuente
antibodies. The number of defined CDmente con la respuesta a la enfermedad. Este
ensayo se está desarrollando en la búsqueda de has been growing since then with each
Arch. Zootec. 52: 249 253. 2003.MORENO ET AL.
thworkshop; 151 CD clusters in the 5 Most of the CD receptor studied
Boston workshop in 1993 and 240 in are polymorphic at the cDNA level,
ththe 7 Harrogate workshop in 2000. showing single nucleotide polymor
The same nomenclature was adopted phisms (SNPs) and some of them also
for leukocyte antigens in different ani present variability at the protein level
mal species. In swine 38 CD clusters (coding SNPs). This polymorphism
were described at the last workshop may influence CD gene expression
held in Amsterdam in 1999 (Haverson resulting in a change in the immune
et al., 2001) . response and consequently in the
Many different biological functions disease response
have been described for these receptors Studies using single nucleotide
that include adhesion structures, B cells polymorphisms (SNPs) or microsatellite
receptors, cytokine receptors, endothe polymorphisms have now become
lial cells receptors, myeloid cells technologically realistic and our group
receptors, NK antigens, non lineage proposes to use CD gene variants in
antigens, platelet receptors and T cell the classical candidate gene approach
receptors. All of them are of funda in search of susceptibility genes to
mental importance in the control of thedisease and other related characters
immune response. In certain cases such as fertility in swine populations
changes in these receptors have severe (Tsuchiya et al., 2002).
consequences for an individual, e.g. Our group is specialized in the study
CD18 (? 2 integrin) deficiency in of differentiation antigens of the
humans causes a severe granulocyte immune system of domestic animals,
disorder with susceptibility to bacterial especially in swine. The first step in
infections and high morbidity and our goal has been to characterize
mortality. This deficiency causes functionally and phenotypically the cells
leukocyte adhesion deficiency disease by means of monoclonal antibodies
(BLAD) in the bovine specie and from the immune system of these
CLAD in the canine specie (Jeyaseelan animals. So during the past ten years
et al., 2000). In swine the complex we have characterized many swine
CD11/CD18 mediates the cellular leucocytes antigens, among them CD5;
adhesion of PRV (pseudorabies virus) CD11; CD18; CD29; MHC Class I;
infected monocytes to endothelial cells CD41/61; CD46; CD230 and Fibri
and subsequently the virus transmission nogen.
to endothelial cells (Van de Walle et In a second step we have charac
al., 2003). terized the genes that controlled swine
Recent advances in DNA techno CD receptors using a general protocol
logy have shown that a large repertoirepresented in figure 1.
of functional variants exists in CD Following this protocol swine CD9,
receptor genes as is mentioned by Iida(accession number Genbank,
and Nakamura (2003), Iida et al. AY072785) CD29, (accession number
(2003), Mackelprang et al. (2002), Genbank, AF192528) CD51 (accession
Meller et al. (2001) and Tomer et al. number Genbank, pending insertion),
(2002). CD61 (accession number Genbank,
Archivos de zootecnia vol. 52, núm. 198, p. 250.LEUKOCYTE ANTIGENS AS CANDIDATE GENES
AF282890) and CD97 (accession and regulatory regions of the swine
number Genbank, AF413207) have CD61 gene. Our group is carrying out
been characterized in our laboratory. more studies to detect variability in the
At this moment we are obtaining coding and regulatory regions of the
our first results about CD gene previously characterized CD9, CD29
polymorphism. We have described and CD51 genes.
(Morera et al., 2002) a microsatellite These markers may be a valuable
in the 3' UTR region of the swine tool to be used in case control
CD61. Two SNP have been detected association analyses in various swine
after a partial screening of the coding populations, e.g. in the case of CD9
Monoclonal Antibody Specific for a porcine C . D
Protein isolation and partial sequence identification.
Second primer, obtained from homologous humanFirst primer inferred
sequencefrom protein
sequence
RT-PCR in swine tissues
Probe
DNA sequence of the porcine CD antigen
cDNA library
Clone complete sequence of the gene
Expression of different sequences
Figure 1.Protocol to clone candidate genes for swine leukocyte antigens. (Protocolo seguido
para la clonación de un gen candidato presente en leucocitos porcinos).
Archivos de zootecnia vol. 52, núm. 198, p. 251.MORENO ET AL.
gene for fertility and with different al., 2001; Blott et al ., 2003; Rothschild,
resistance to various infectious 2003). Of particular interest in such
diseases in the case of CD29, CD51 studies is adaptation to local conditions,
and CD61 genes. including disease agents that are
In addition, such polymorphism may geographically restricted, therefore the
be useful in characterising diversity analysis of variation in CD genes may be
within pig populations (see Ciobanu et an important component of this research.
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