Foreword to The Origins of Modern African Thought

Cbkane

Description

• cours - matière : history
• cours - matière potentielle : african

Foreword to The Origins of Modern African Thought By Robert W. July, pp. i-xi; originally published, 1967; Africa World Press edition, 2004. By Richard L. Sklar1 For the better part of two centuries, racial domination has been the central concern of African social thought. Other questions, among them national identity, the role of chieftaincy, representation, justice, and constitutional design, have often been defined in relation to preoccupations with racial and colonial forms of domination.

• subject of crucial impor- tance that intellectual historians
• racial questions
• socialist revolution at the forefront of intellectual dis- course
• obsession with the methods of socialist revolution at the expense of individual liberty
• african thought
• colonial times
• political thought

Sujets

• HIStory
• African people
• Heelas
• Casely
• Wilmot
• Sénégal
• Diagne

Informations

• Publié par: onji
• Nombre de lectures: 13
• Langue: English

Extrait

Tribal Survey
Department of Health and Social Services
Office of Children’s Services

2011
















Introduction


The provision of Child Protective Services to families in Alaska is through the
Department of Health and Social Services, Office of Children’s Services. The Office of
Children’s Services (OCS), in partnership with Tribal groups across the state, works to
ensure the provision of comprehensive services for Alaska Native families which meet
the requirements of the Indian Child Welfare Act.

The Office of Children’s Services strives to ensure that children are able to remain in
their own homes and coordinates all service efforts with the Tribe. When children are
unable to reside in their own home due to safety concerns, the Office of Children’s
Services, as part of its statutory child protection mandate, has authority to assume legal
and physical custody of children. The agency will initiate and coordinate placement
decisions with the Tribe. Relatives are first sought to provide care for children. The use
of relative caregivers follows the Indian Child Welfare Act in maintaining cultural
continuity and family connections for children.

When children are placed in out-of-home care, the agency makes active efforts to reunite
children with their families. The Office of Children’s Services works to implement plans
for services that meet the needs of children and parents. This work is done collaboratively
with families, Tribal groups, Guardians ad Litem, and foster parents.

Tribal groups provide support and assistance to children and parents throughout the state.
The Office of Children’s Services works to monitor the safety of children. This work is done
collaboratively with Tribes. Tribal groups also assist in identifying the needs of families,
providing culturally sensitive services, and monitoring parents’ progress toward increasing
their protective capacities.

In order to learn about the quality and effectiveness of the Office of Children’s Services’
efforts to work with Tribal groups, the Evaluation Unit of the Office of Children’s
Services conducted a survey of Tribal groups. The survey made inquiries regarding case
notifications, service provision to Alaska Native families, and decision making for
children and parents throughout the case. Information obtained will be used to assist
management in reviewing and improving programs within the Child Protective Services
system.


Tribal Survey
2011 Report
Page 2

Survey Methods

The Evaluation Unit of the Office of Children’s Services conducted a survey that was
sent to members of Tribal groups throughout the state to solicit information and
comments regarding service delivery of the Office of Children’s Services. An initial
mailing and two follow-up mailings to non-respondents were conducted. The Tribal
groups were assured that all responses would be combined so that no individuals
responding to the survey could be identified.


Survey Respondents

There were 106 completed surveys received from the mailing of 225 surveys for a
response rate of 47%. Responses were received from each region of the state. The
number of surveys sent and the number of responses by each region are presented in
Table 1.

Table 1


Survey Responses
By Region, Number, and Percent

Region Number of Number of Percent of
Surveys Sent Respondents Respondents
Northern 84 36 43%
Southcentral 70 31 44%
Western 47 27 57%
Anchorage 6 4 67%
Southeast 18 8 44%
Total 225 106 47%


Tribal Survey
2011 Report
Page 3

Findings

Information gained from the survey has been tabulated and organized for presentation.
The report presents each item of inquiry from the survey with a table of the results. At the
end of the report a summary of comments received from the survey participants is
presented.


• Please tell us which item(s) best describe your level of involvement in the
implementation of the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA).

Tribal groups were asked to identify which aspects of implementation of the Indian Child
Welfare Act they were involved in. Several of the Tribal groups indicated more than one
area of ICWA involvement, thus the number of areas of implementation chosen exceeds
the overall number of survey participants. Survey participants were also provided an area
to describe any other role they have in the implementation of ICWA. Other roles
identified included Tribal judges, ICWA worker, prevention services worker, IRA
council representative, and Traditional Council Chief. Table 2 presents the responses.

Table 2


Involvement of Tribal Respondents in ICWA Implementation
By Number and Percent

Tribal Respondents in ICWA Number of Percent of
Implementation Respondents Respondents
Formal Intervention by Tribe 81 76%
Court Appearances 51 48%
Provide Direct Services 49 46%
Other Roles Indicated 24 23%
N=106


Tribal Survey
2011 Report
Page 4

• If you are employed in a social service agency, please tell us your title.

There were 106 survey respondents who answered this question. Several of the
respondents indicated they held more than one position within their agency. As a result,
the number of positions reported exceeds the total number of those who responded to this
survey question.

Table 3

Respondents’ Title of Position in Tribal Agency
by Number and Percent
Title of Position Number of Percent of
Respondents Respondents
Social Services Director 9 9%
ICWA Worker 58 55%
Caseworker 5 5%
Administrative 8 8%
Other 13 12%
Not Employed in an Agency 24 23%
N=106

• Collaboration between Tribal workers and the Office of Children’s Services in
the implementation of the Indian Child Welfare Act has strengthened the quality
of services for Alaska Native children.

The Office of Children’s Services works with Tribal groups to ensure the provision of
quality services to Alaska Native children. Survey participants were asked their level of
agreement with the statement that service collaboration has improved the quality of
services to families. Table 4 presents the responses.

Table 4

Service Collaboration Has Strengthened the Quality of Services
by Region, Level of Agreement, and Percent
Region Number of Strongly Undecided Disagree Strongly Agree
Responses Agree Disagree
Northern 35 17% 43% 23% 14% 3%
Southcentral 31 23% 42% 26% 3% 7%
Western 27 19% 63% 15% 0% 4%
Anchorage 4 0% 50% 25% 0% 25%
Southeast 6 33% 50% 0% 17% 0%
Total 103 19% 49% 20% 7% 5%
Tribal Survey
2011 Report
Page 5

• When it is necessary for Alaska Native children to come into the custody of the
state, the Office of Children’s Services involves the Tribes in relative searches.

When children come into the state’s custody, Tribal groups are a resource to the Office of
Children’s Services and to families. By helping to locate extended family members, they
enable the Office of Children’s Services to identify relatives to provide care for children
who are in need of temporary out-of-home placement. Table 5 presents the responses.

Table 5

Tribes are Involved in Relative Searches
by Region, Level of Agreement, and Percent
Region Number of Strongly Undecided Disagree Strongly Agree
Responses Agree Disagree
Northern 35 20% 51% 17% 6% 6%
Southcentral 31 29% 29% 19% 10% 13%
Western 27 26% 52% 7% 11% 4%
Anchorage 4 25% 25% 25% 25% 0%
Southeast 8 13% 75% 0% 13% 0%
Total 105 24% 46% 14% 10% 7%


• When children come into the custody of the state, the Office of Children’s
Services involves the Tribes in decisions regarding placement of Alaska Native
children.

Tribal groups often are aware of family networks and extended families within their own
communities who may be able to care for children. The Office of Children’s Services
contacts the Tribes when Alaska Native children come into the custody of the state in
order to involve Tribes in placement decisions. Table 6 presents the responses.

Table 6

Tribes are Involved in Placement Decisions for Alaska Native Children
by Region, Level of Agreement, and Percent
Region Number of Strongly Undecided Disagree Strongly Agree
Responses Agree Disagree
Northern 35 23% 46% 14% 14% 3%
Southcentral 31 26% 26% 26% 13% 10%
Western 27 22% 41% 11% 19% 7%
Anchorage 4 25% 25% 25% 0% 25%
Southeast 8 13% 50% 13% 25% 0%
Total 105 23% 38% 17% 15% 7%
Tribal Survey
2011 Report
Page 6

• In general, efforts are made to place children in ICWA preference settings.

The Office of Children’s Services and the children’s Tribes work together to locate
homes th