NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND COSINE EFFECT IN THE VISCOUS SHALLOW WATER AND QUASI GEOSTROPHIC EQUATIONS

Jean Kuntzmann

Description

NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND COSINE EFFECT IN THE VISCOUS SHALLOW WATER AND QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC EQUATIONS? C. LUCAS† AND A. ROUSSEAU‡ Abstract. The viscous shallow water equations and quasi-geostrophic equations are considered in this paper. Some new terms, related to the Coriolis force, are revealed thanks to a rigorous asymptotic analysis. After providing well-posedness arguments for the new models, the authors perform some numerical computations that confirm the role played by the cosine effect in various physical configurations. Key words. multiscale analysis, Coriolis force, cosine effect, asymptotic behavior, shallow water equation, turbulent viscosity, quasi-geostrophic limit, numerical computations. AMS subject classifications. 76M45, 76U05, 35B40, 35Q35, 76M20. DOI. 10.1137/070705453 1. Introduction. In this article, we aim at contributing to the improvement of the derivation of the shallow water (SW) system. This model, obtained from the incompressible Navier Stokes equations (NSE) with free surface under the SW approximation, has been studied by numerous authors, both in the inviscid [21, 1] and viscous cases [9, 16, 2]. The SW model has been widely used for theoretical studies and idealized numerical simulations: this is the framework of this article. Conversely, the operational oceanographic research community rather uses the primitive equations [8, 15, 20].

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Informations

• Publié par: pefav
• Nombre de lectures: 7
• Langue: English

Extrait

NE SH W A D LL E O VE W LO W P A M TE E R NT A S N A D N Q D U C A O SI S - I G N E E O E S F T F R E O C P T H I I N CE T Q H U E A V T I I S O C N O S U ∗ S C.LUCAS † AND A.ROUSSEAU ‡ Abstract.Theviscousshallowwaterequationsandquasi-geostrophicequationsareconsidered inthispaper.Somenewterms,relatedtotheCoriolisforce,arerevealedthankstoarigorous asymptoticanalysis.Afterprovidingwell-posednessargumentsforthenewmodels,theauthors performsomenumericalcomputationsthatconfirmtheroleplayedbythecosineeffectinvarious physicalconfigurations. Keywords.multiscaleanalysis,Coriolisforce,cosineeffect,asymptoticbehavior,shallowwater equation,turbulentviscosity,quasi-geostrophiclimit,numericalcomputations. AMSsubjectclassifications.76M45,76U05,35B40,35Q35,76M20. DOI.10.1137/070705453 1.Introduction.Inthisarticle,weaimatcontributingtotheimprovement ofthederivationoftheshallowwater(SW)system.Thismodel,obtainedfrom theincompressibleNavierStokesequations(NSE)withfreesurfaceundertheSW approximation,hasbeenstudiedbynumerousauthors,bothintheinviscid[21,1]and viscouscases[9,16,2].TheSWmodelhasbeenwidelyusedfortheoreticalstudies andidealizednumericalsimulations:thisistheframeworkofthisarticle.Conversely, theoperationaloceanographicresearchcommunityratherusestheprimitiveequations [8,15,20].Butithastobementionnedthatthebarotropicpartofthelinearized primitiveequationscorrespondstotheshallowwaterequations(SWE)andcarrythe mostenergy(see[9,22]).Theirstudyisthusparticularlyimportant. Inthetheoreticalanalysisbelow,weconsideraviscositythatiscompatiblewith (physical)numericalcomputations.Roughlyspeaking,becauseoftheshapeofthe domain,thehorizontalandverticalresolvededdiesgiverisetodifferentscales,and thishastobetakenintoaccountinthecorrespondingeddyviscosities;consequently, wewillconsiderananisotropicturbulentviscosity,asprescribedby[12].Intheocean, horizontalandverticaleddyviscositiescanvaryoverawiderange(see[18]);whereas LevermoreandSammartino[12]choosetypicalvaluesofthehorizontalnondimen- sionalviscosityoforderone,weconsiderareasonablysmallervalue,namely10 −3 .In ourphysicalconfiguration,thecorrespondingdimensionalvaluewouldbe10 6 cm 2 /s. Inwhatfollows,wederiveanewsystemofequations,inwhichtheaboveviscosities aretakenintoaccount.Simultaneously,intheasymptoticanalysisthatisclassically ∗ ReceivedbytheeditorsOctober16,2007;acceptedforpublication(inrevisedform)April18, 2008;publishedelectronicallyAugust6,2008. http://www.siam.org/journals/mms/7-2/70545.html † Universite´deGrenobleandINRIA,LaboratoireJeanKuntzmann,BP53,38041GrenobleCedex 9,France( [e-mail] ). ‡ INRIA,LaboratoireJeanKuntzmann,BP53,38041GrenobleCedex9,France ( [e-mail] ). 1