Uniqueness and weak stability for multi dimensional transport equations with

Francois Bouchut

Description

Uniqueness and weak stability for multi-dimensional transport equations with one-sided Lipschitz coefficient F. Bouchut1, F. James2, S. Mancini3 1 DMA, Ecole Normale Superieure et CNRS 45 rue d'Ulm 75230 Paris cedex 05, France e-mail: 2 Laboratoire MAPMO, UMR 6628 Universite d'Orleans 45067 Orleans cedex 2, France e-mail: 3 Laboratoire J.-L. Lions, UMR 7598 Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, BP 187 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France e-mail: Abstract The Cauchy problem for a multidimensional linear transport equa- tion with discontinuous coefficient is investigated. Provided the coef- ficient satisfies a one-sided Lipschitz condition, existence, uniqueness and weak stability of solutions are obtained for either the conservative backward problem or the advective forward problem by duality. Spe- cific uniqueness criteria are introduced for the backward conservation equation since weak solutions are not unique. A main point is the intro- duction of a generalized flow in the sense of partial differential equations, which is proved to have unique jacobian determinant, even though it is itself nonunique. Keywords. Linear transport equations, discontinuous coefficients, reversible solutions, generalized flows, weak stability.

• ??a ·


• nonlinear context


• problem


• spe- cific uniqueness criteria


• linear transport


• uniqueness


• transport flows


• stability results

Sujets

• Bouchut
• Problem
• Uniqueness quantification

Informations

• Publié par: pefav
• Nombre de lectures: 16
• Langue: English

Extrait

Uniqueness and weak stability for multi-dimensional transport equations with one-sided Lipschitz coefficient

F. Bouchut 1 , F. James 2 , S. Mancini 3

1 oNmrlaSeAME,ocelreetCNRSup´erieuD 45 rue d’Ulm

75230 Paris cedex 05, France e-mail: [e-mail] 2 Laboratoire MAPMO, UMR 6628 Universited’Orle´ans ´

45067Orle´anscedex2,France e-mail: [e-mail] 3 Laboratoire J.-L. Lions, UMR 7598 Universit´ePierreetMarieCurie,BP187 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France e-mail: [e-mail]

Abstract The Cauchy problem for a multidimensional linear transport equa- tion with discontinuous coefficient is investigated. Provided the coef- ficient satisfies a one-sided Lipschitz condition, existence, uniqueness and weak stability of solutions are obtained for either the conservative backward problem or the advective forward problem by duality. Spe- cific uniqueness criteria are introduced for the backward conservation equation since weak solutions are not unique. A main point is the intro- duction of a generalized flow in the sense of partial differential equations, which is proved to have unique jacobian determinant, even though it is itself nonunique.

Keywords.Linear transport equations, discontinuous coefficients, reversible solutions, generalized flows, weak stability. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification.Primary 35F10 34A36 35D05 35B35

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Contents

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Introduction

Properties of coefficients satisfying the OSLC condition

Backward problem, reversible solutions

Forward problem, duality solutions

Weak stability

Nonuniqueness of transport flows

Introduction

We consider the transport equation

∂ t u+a∙ ru= 0

in (0, T)×R N ,

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(1.1)

with initial data u(0, x) =u 0 (x),(1.2) wherea= (a i (t, x)) i=1,...,N ∈L ∞ ((0, T)×R N ) can have discontinuities. The transport equation (1.1) naturally arises with discontinuous coefficientain several applications, together with the conservation equation ∂ t µ+ div(aµ in (0) = 0, T)×R N .(1.3) It is well known that both problems are closely related to the notion of char- acteristics, or flow. The flowX(s, t, x), 0≤s, t≤T,x∈R N , is classically defined by the ODE

∂ s X=a(s, X(s, t, x)), X(t, t, x) =x.(1.4) Indeed, whenais smooth enough, the flow is uniquely determined by (1.4), and the solutionsuto (1.1) andµto (1.3) are given respectively by the clas- sical formulæu(t, x) =u 0 (X(0, t, x)),µ(t, x) = det(∂ x X(0, t, x))µ 0 (X(0, t, x)). The whole theory of characteristics fails ifais not smooth: flow is no the longer uniquely defined, and the notion of solution to (1.1) or (1.3) has to be reinvestigated. In the specific case of two-dimensional hamiltonian transport equations, (1.1) has been solved with continuous (non differentiable) coefficients by Bouchut and Desvillettes [7], and more recently withL co p l coefficients by Hauray [19]. The general well-posednes e ODE .4 andthePDE(1.1)wasi s nv t e h s e t o ig r i y a o t n a e s n d , d u b n t y h d e e D r c i o t P h n e e n rn e a c a s t s i a u o n n m d p b t e L i t i o w o n n ee s th n [ a 1 t t 4 h ] a( w t, it . hi (1) ) eh n t i n s framework of renormalized solut lie W l 1, co 1 (R N ) and its distributional divergence belongs toL lo ∞ c . The renormalized approach was extended by Bouchut [6] to the Vlasov equation with BV co- efficients, and very recently, Ambrosio [3] gave the full generalization in the

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