Programming Systems Lab Saarland University Saarbr ucken Germany and

Ralph Debusmann

Description

Introduction Ralph Debusmann and Denys Duchier Programming Systems Lab, Saarland University, Saarbr ?ucken, Germany and ·Equipe Calligramme, LORIA, Lille, France A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction – p.1

• model-theoretical view


• based ? multiple


• edge-specific agreement


• peter reads


• den roman hat


• mir peter

Informations

• Publié par: pefav
• Nombre de lectures: 35

Extrait

Introduction
Ralph Debusmann
and
Denys Duchier
Programming Systems Lab, Saarland University, Saarbruc¤ ken, Germany
and
·
Equipe Calligramme, LORIA, Lille, France
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.1Purpose of this course

a methodology for modeling language (XDG)

constraint-based (model theoretic syntax)

dependency-based

multiple dimensions

lexicalized

principles governing well-formedness and interactions

macroscopic phenomena are emergent

how to cook your own DG formalism (XDK)

relate techniques and architectural principles to what can be
found elsewhere
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.2obj
The notion of a dependency structure

head/dependent asymmetry

named relation
Peter reads a book
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.3
subj
detsubj
vzu
vpast
Non-projective analyses

languages with free(r) word-order

crossing branches (non-projectivity)

discontinous constituents
den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.4
obj
det
iobj
zusubj
vzu
vpast
Model-theoretical view

tree with edges labeled with grammatical relations

must satisfy lexically assigned subcat frames

must satisfy edge-speci c agreement restrictions
den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.5
obj
det
iobj
zusubj
vzu
vpast
Constraint view

this is a constraint satisfaction problem

given n nodes: nitely many labeled trees

pick one, check the constraints
den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.6
obj
det
iobj
zusubj
vzu
vpast
Constraint propagation technique

non-deterministic generate and test is inef cient

use constraint propagation to prune the search space
den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.7
obj
det
iobj
zumf
mf
vcf
xf
Word-order

den hat lesen mir Peter Roman versprochen zu

tradition of German descriptive syntax: topological elds
[den Roman] [hat] [mir Peter] [versprochen] [zu lesen]
VF V2 MF VC NF
idea: topological structure as a dependency tree
den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.8
df
vf
p
rfsubj
mf
mf
vzu
vcf
vpast
xf
Topological dependency grammar (TDG)
emancipation
den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen
syntax topology

a TDG analysis has 2 dimensions

tree of syntactic dependencies (non-ordered)

tree of topological dependencies (ordered & projective)
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.9
obj
det
df
vf
iobj
p
rf
zusubj
mf
mf
vzu
vcf
vpast
xf
Topological dependency grammar (TDG)
emancipation
den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen den Roman hat mir Peter versprochen zu lesen
syntax topology

dimensions are not independent

coupled by the lexicon:

syntax: assignment of a subcat frame

topology: assignment of a topological frame

coupled by a relation of emancipation

syntax and topology are mutually constraining
A Comparative Introduction to XDG: Introduction ? p.10
obj
det
df
vf
iobj
p
rf
zu