N° d'ordre

Arak Tira - Umphon

Description

Niveau: Supérieur, Doctorat, Bac+8
N° d'ordre : 2598 Thèse présentée pour obtenir LE TITRE DE DOCTEUR DE L'INSTITUT NATIONAL POLYTECHNIQUE DE TOULOUSE École doctorale : BIOLOGIE-SANTE- BIOTECHNOLOGIES Spécialité : BIOSCIENCES VEGETALES Par M. Arak TIRA-UMPHON INFLUENCE DE L'ETHYLENE SUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT DES BAIES DE RAISIN ET EXPESSION DES GENES APPARENTES INFLUENCE OF THE ETHYLENE ON THE GRAPE BERRY DEVELOPMENT AND RELATED-GENE EXPRESSION Soutenue le 11 Mars 2008 devant le jury composé de : M. Mondher BOUZAYEN Président M. Christian CHERVIN Directeur de thèse Mme Catherine TESNIERE Rapporteur M. Jean-Michel MERILLON Rapporteur

• influence de l'ethylene sur le developpement des baies de raisin


• expression analysis


• related genes


• ethylene


• fruit maturation


• climacteric fruits


• gene expression

Sujets

• Latche
• Roustan
• Châtelet

Informations

• Publié par: profil-zyak-2012
• Publié le: 01 mars 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 15
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

N° d’ordre : 2598








Thèse


présentée

pour obtenir

LE TITRE DE DOCTEUR DE L’INSTITUT NATIONAL POLYTECHNIQUE DE TOULOUSE



École doctorale : BIOLOGIE-SANTE- BIOTECHNOLOGIES

Spécialité : BIOSCIENCES VEGETALES

Par M. Arak TIRA-UMPHON


INFLUENCE DE L’ETHYLENE SUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT DES

BAIES DE RAISIN ET EXPESSION DES GENES APPARENTES


INFLUENCE OF THE ETHYLENE ON THE GRAPE BERRY

DEVELOPMENT AND RELATED-GENE EXPRESSION



Soutenue le 11 Mars 2008 devant le jury composé de :


M. Mondher BOUZAYEN Président
M. Christian CHERVIN Directeur de thèse
Mme Catherine TESNIERE Rapporteur
M. Jean-Michel MERILLON





Ackowledgments

I would like, here, to thank all people who helped me during of this study:

I thank the French and the Thai gouvernments for my study grants.

I wish to thank my three supervisors: Prof. Jean-Paul Roustan, Prof. Christian Chervin and Dr.
Nancy Terrier, who welcomed me, and contributed to my formation.

My acknowledgments to Profs. Mondher Bouzayen, Jean-Claude Pech and Dr. Alain Latché
that received me in their laboratory and advised me.

I also thank Dr. Philippe Chatelet of UMR BEPC of the ENSAM-INRA and Dr. Alain Jauneau of
the pole of Plant Biotechnology of Toulouse (IFR40) that permitted me to use the techniques of
biolistic and microscopy, respectively.

My thanks also go to all my colleagues of the laboratory of Génomique et Biotechnologie des
Fruits for their support and their good mood.

I would like to thank my family (my wife’s Mrs TIRA –UMPHON Wandee, and our children Yada
and Wasaphon) in particular for their patience, their support and their love.




















- 1



Thesis publication releases:

Tira-umphon A, Roustan JP, Chervin C (2007) The stimulation by ethylene of the UDP
glucose-flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) in grape tissues is independent from the
MybA transcription factors. Vitis 46(4): 210-211.

Chervin C, Tira-umphon A, El-Kereamy A, Roustan JP, Lamon J, Latche A, Kanellis A.,
Bouzayen M (2005) Ethylene is required for the ripening of grape. Acta Horticulturae (689): 251-
256.

Chervin C, Tira-umphon A, Terrier N, Zouine M, Severac D, Roustan JP (2008) Stimulation of
the grape berry expansion by ethylene and effects on related gene transcripts, over the ripening
phase. In preparation.

Posters:

Tira-umphon A, Chervin C, Terrier N, Roustan JP. The ethylene effect on the berry diameter
and related gene expression in grape. In Europe-Asia symposium on Quality Management in
rd thPostharvest Systems 3 – 6 December 2007, Bangkok, Thailand.


Tira-umphon A, Chervin C, Boss PK, Chatelet P, Jauneau A, Tesniere C, El-Kereamy A,
Torregrosa L, Thomas MR, Roustan JP, Bouzayen M. Roles for ethylene in the expression of
the UDP glucose-flavonoid 3-O-glucoslyltransferase in grape tissues. In XIIIéme Forum des
th thJeunes Chercheurs 5 – 8 September 2006, Clermont-Ferrand, France.


















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Table of Contents
ACKOWLEDGMENTS ....................................................................................................1
THESIS PUBLICATION RELEASES:.............................................................................2
TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................................3
ABBREVIATION .............................................................................................................6
RESUME .........................................................................................................................7
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................8
GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND THESIS OBJECTIVES ............................................9
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW...........................................................................................11
1 – Fruit maturation.................................................................................................................................. 11
1.1 - Climacteric and non-climacteric ripening.................................................................................. 11
1.2 - Common genetic regulatory mechanisms................................................................................. 11
1.3 - Ripening of fleshy fruits .............................................................................................................. 12
2 - Berry development in grape............................................................................................................... 12
3 - Maturation- related genes and biochemical changes ..................................................................... 13
3.1 - Berry expansion and softening................................................................................................... 13
3.1.1 - Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) ............................................................................ 15
3.1.2 - Polygalacturonase (PG) ........................................................................................................ 15
3.1.3 - Pectin methylesterase (PME)................................................................................................ 16
3.1.4 - Cellulose synthase (CS) 17
3.1.5 - Expansins (EX)....................................................................................................................... 19
3.1.6 - Aquaporin (AQUA) ................................................................................................................. 19
3.2 - Ethylene and fruit maturation...................................................................................................... 21
3.2.1 - Ethylene and plant physiology............................................................................................. 21
3.2.2 - Ethylene and non- climacteric fruit...................................................................................... 22
3.3 - The anthocyanin biosynthesis and related genes: UFGT and Myb ........................................ 23
3.3.1 - Anthocyanins in grape berry 23
3.3.2 - Anthocyanins and the ethylene effect ................................................................................. 25
4 - Microarray technique, case studies in grape and non-climacteric fruits...................................... 26
4.1 - Expressed sequence tags: tools for gene discovery and expression analysis .................... 26
4.2 - Gene expression profiling ........................................................................................................... 28
4.3 - Microarray types.......................................................................................................................... 29
4.4 ray technology in grape and the other non climacteric fruits .................................... 31
- 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS......................................................................................33
1 - Plant material....................................................................................................................................... 33
1.1 - Grapevines .................................................................................................................................... 33
1.2 - Grapevine cell cultures ................................................................................................................ 33
2 - Treatment of grapevines with 1-MCP and ethylene......................................................................... 33
2.1 - Treatment of cluster grapevine with 1-MCP .............................................................................. 33
2.2 - Treatment of grapevine clusters with ethylene 34
2.3 - Diameter and deformability measurement of berries after ethylene treatment ..................... 35
3 - Biolistic experiment ....................................................................................................... 35
4 - RNA extractions and Northern blots................................................................................................. 36
5 - Protein extractions and Western blots ............................................................................................. 37
6 - ufgt promoter cloning, plasmid construction and expression of pVvufgt::gfp in planta............ 37
7 - RNA extraction for microarray and qRT-PCR .................................................................................. 38
8 - qPCR experiments ..................................................................................................................