Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 - "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile"

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• Publié par: phoik
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 63
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6, by Various This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 7, Slice 6 "Coucy-le-Château" to "Crocodile" Author: Various Release Date: May 19, 2010 [EBook #32423] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA *** Produced by Marius Masi, Don Kretz, Marius Masi, Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected. They appear in the text like this, and the explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked passage. Sections in Greek will yield a transliteration when the pointer is moved over them, and words using diacritic characters in the Latin Extended Additional block, which may not display in some fonts or browsers, will display an unaccented version. Links to other EB articles: Links to articles residing in other EB volumes will be made available when the respective volumes are introduced online. THE ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA A DICTIONARY OF ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE AND GENERAL INFORMATION ELEVENTH EDITION VOLUME VII SLICE VI Coucy-le-Château to Crocodile Articles in This Slice COUCY-LE-CHÂTEAU COUES, ELLIOTT COULISSE COULOMB, CHARLES AUGUSTIN COULOMMIERS COUMARIN COUMARONES CRANK CRANMER, THOMAS CRANNOG CRANSAC CRANSTON CRANTOR CRANWORTH, ROBERT COUNCIL COUNCIL BLUFFS COUNSEL AND COUNSELLOR COUNT COUNTER COUNTERFEITING COUNTERFORT COUNTERPOINT COUNTERSCARP COUNTERSIGN COUNTRY COUNTY COUNTY COURT COUPÉ COUPLET COUPON COURANTE COURAYER, PIERRE FRANÇOIS LE COURBET, GUSTAVE COURBEVOIE COURCELLE-SENEUIL, JEAN GUSTAVE COURCI, JOHN DE COURIER, PAUL LOUIS COURIER COURLAND COURNOT, ANTOINE AUGUSTIN COURSING COURT, ANTOINE COURT COURT BARON COURT DE GEBELIN, ANTOINE COURTENAY COURTENAY, RICHARD COURTENAY, WILLIAM COURTESY COURTHOPE, WILLIAM JOHN COURT LEET COURT-MARTIAL COURTNEY, LEONARD HENRY COURTNEY COURTOIS, JACQUES and GUILLAUME COURTRAI COURVOISIER, JEAN JOSEPH ANTOINE COUSCOUS COUSIN, JEAN COUSIN, VICTOR COUSIN COUSINS, SAMUEL COUSTOU COUTANCES, WALTER OF COUTANCES COUTHON, GEORGES COUTTS, THOMAS COUTURE, THOMAS COUVADE COVE COVELLITE COVENANT (mutual agreement) COVENANT (law term) COVENANTERS COVENT GARDEN COVENTRY, SIR JOHN COVENTRY, THOMAS COVENTRY COVENTRY, SIR WILLIAM COVENTRY COVER COVERDALE, MILES COVERTURE COVILHÃ COVILHAM PERO COVIN COVINGTON COWARD COWBRIDGE COWDENBEATH MONSEY ROLFE CRAPE CRASH CRASHAW, RICHARD CRASSULACEAE CRASSUS CRATER CRATES (Athenian actor) CRATES (Greek philosophers) CRATES (of Mallus) CRATINUS CRATIPPUS (Greek historian) CRATIPPUS (of Mitylene) CRAU CRAUCK, GUSTAVE CRAUFURD, QUINTIN CRAUFURD, ROBERT CRAVAT CRAVEN, PAULINE AGLAÉ CRAVEN, WILLIAM CRAVEN CRAWFORD, EARLS OF CRAWFORD, FRANCIS MARION CRAWFORD, THOMAS CRAWFORD, WILLIAM HARRIS CRAWFORDSVILLE CRAWFURD, JOHN CRAYER, GASPARD DE CRAYFISH CRAYON CREASY, SIR EDWARD SHEPHERD CREATIANISM AND TRADUCIANISM CRÉBILLON, PROSPER JOLYOT DE CRÈCHE CRÉCY CREDENCE CREDENTIALS CREDI, LORENZO DI CREDIT CRÉDIT FONCIER CRÉDIT MOBILIER OF AMERICA CREDITON CREDNER, CARL FRIEDRICH HEINRICH CREE CREECH, THOMAS CREEDS CREEK CREEK or MUSKOGEE INDIANS CREETOWN CREEVEY, THOMAS CREFELD CREIGHTON, MANDEL CREIL CRELL NICHOLAS CREMA CREMATION CREMER, JAKOBUS JAN CREMERA CRÉMIEUX, ISAAC MOÏSE CREMONA, LUIGI CREMONA CREMORNE GARDENS CRENELLE CREODONTA CREOLE CREON (king of Corinth) CREON (king of Thebes) CREOPHYLUS CREOSOTE CREPUSCULAR CRÉQUY CRÉQUY, RENÉE DE FROULLAY CRESCAS, HASDAI BEN ABRAHAM CRESCENT CRESCIMBENI, GIOVANNI MARIO CRESILAS COWELL, JOHN COWEN, FREDERIC HYMEN COWEN, JOSEPH COWES COWL COWLEY, ABRAHAM COWLEY, HANNAH COWLEY, CHARLES WELLESLEY COWLEY FATHERS COWPENS COWPER, WILLIAM COWPER COWPER, WILLIAM COWRY COW-TREE COX, DAVID COX, SIR GEORGE WILLIAM COX, JACOB DOLSON COX, KENYON COX, RICHARD COX, SAMUEL COX, SAMUEL HANSON COXCIE, MICHAEL COXE, HENRY OCTAVIUS COXE, WILLIAM COXSWAIN COXWELL, HENRY TRACEY COYOTE COYPEL COYPU COYSEVOX, CHARLES ANTOINE CRAB CRABBE, GEORGE CRACKER CRACOW CRADDOCK, CHARLES EGBERT CRADLE CRADOCK CRAFT CRAG CRAGGS, JAMES CRAIG, JOHN CRAIG, SIR THOMAS CRAIGIE, PEARL MARY TERESA CRAIK, DINAH MARIA CRAIK, GEORGE LILLIE CRAIL CRAILSHEIM CRAIOVA CRAMBO CRAMER, JOHANN BAPTIST CRAMER, JOHN ANTONY CRÄMER, KARL VON CRAMP, CHARLES HENRY CRAMP CRAMP-RINGS CRANACH, LUCAS CRANBERRY CRANBROOK, GATHORNEHARDY CRANBROOK CRANDALL, PRUDENCE CRANE, STEPHEN CRANE, WALTER CRANE, WILLIAM HENRY CRANE CRANES CRANIOMETRY CRESOLS CRESPI, DANIELE CRESPI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA CRESPI, GIUSEPPE MARIA CRESS CRESSENT, CHARLES CRESSWELL, SIR CRESSWELL CRESSY, HUGH PAULINUS DE CREST (town of France) CREST (plume or tuft) CRESTON CRESWICK, THOMAS CRESWICK CRETACEOUS SYSTEM CRETE CRETINISM CRETONNE CREUSE CREUTZ, GUSTAF FILIP CREUZER, GEORG FRIEDRICH CREVASSE CREVIER, JEAN BAPTISTE LOUIS CREVILLENTE CREW, NATHANIEL CREW CREW CREWE, ROBERT CREWEMILNES CREWE CREWKERNE CRIB CRIBBAGE CRICCIETH CRICHTON, JAMES CRICKET (insect) CRICKET (game) CRICKHOWELL CRICKLADE CRIEFF CRIME CRIMEA CRIMEAN WAR CRIMINAL LAW CRIMINOLOGY CRIMMITZSCHAU CRIMP CRIMSON CRINAGORAS CRINOLINE CRINUM CRIOBOLIUM CRIPPLE CREEK CRISA CRISPI, FRANCESCO CRISPIN and CRISPINIAN CRITIAS CRITICISM CRITIUS and NESIOTES CRITOLAUS CRITTENDEN, JOHN JORDAN CRIVELLI, CARLO CROATIA-SLAVONIA CROCIDOLITE CROCKET CROCKETT, DAVID CROCKETT, SAMUEL RUTHERFORD CROCKFORD, WILLIAM CROCODILE COUCY-LE-CHÂTEAU, a village of northern France, in the department of Aisne, 18 m. W.S.W. of Laon on a branch of the Northern railway. Pop. (1906) 663. It has extensive remains of fortifications of the 13th century, the most remarkable feature of which is the Porte de Laon, a gateway flanked 307 by massive towers and surmounted by a fine apartment. Coucy also has a church of the 15th century, preserving a façade in the Romanesque style. The importance of the place is due, however, to the magnificent ruins of a feudal fortress (see C ASTLE) crowning the eminence on the slope of which the village is built. The remains, which embrace an area of more than 10,000 sq. yds., form an irregular quadrilateral built round a court-yard and flanked by four huge towers. The nucleus of the stronghold is a donjon over 200 ft. high and over 100 ft. in diameter, standing on the south side of the court. Three large vaulted apartments, one above the other, occupy its interior. The court-yard was surrounded on the ground-floor by storehouses, kitchens, &c., above which on the west and north sides were the great halls known as the Salle des preux and the Salle des preuses. A chapel projected from the west wing. The bailey or base-court containing other buildings and covering three times the area of the château extended between it and the village. The architectural unity of the fortress is due to the rapidity of its construction, which took place between 1230 and 1242, under Enguerrand III., lord of Coucy. A large part of the buildings was restored or enlarged at the end of the 14th century by Louis d’Orléans, brother of Charles VI., by whom it had been purchased. The place was dismantled in 1652 by order of Cardinal Mazarin. It is now state property. In 1856 researches were carried on upon the spot by Viollet-le-Duc, and measures for the preservation of the ruins were subsequently undertaken. Sires de Coucy.—Coucy gave its name to the sires de Coucy, a feudal house famous in the