Surgical Anatomy

Joseph Maclise

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• Publié par: phoik
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 55
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 31 Mo

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of Surgical Anatomy, by Joseph Maclise
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Title: Surgical Anatomy
Author: Joseph Maclise
Release Date: January 27, 2008 [EBook #24440]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ASCII
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SURGICAL ANATOMY ***
Produced by Don Kostuch[Transcriber's Notes]
Thanks to Carol Presher of Timeless Antiques, Valley, Alabama, for lending the original
book for this production. The 140 year old binding had disintegrated, but the paper and printing
was in amazingly good condition, particularly the multicolor images.
Thanks also to the Mayo Clinic. This book has increased my appreciation of their skilled care
of my case by showing the many ways that things could go wrong.
Footnotes are indicated by "[Footnote]" where they appear in the text. The body of the
footnote appears immediately following the complete paragraph. If more than one footnote
appears in the same paragraph, they are numbered.
A few obvious misspellings have been corrected. Several cases of alternate spelling of the
same(?) word have not been modified.
Pages have been reorganized to avoid splitting sentences and paragraphs. Each image is
inserted immediately following its description.
Some of the plates did not fit on the scanner and were captured as two separate images. The
merged images show some artifacts of the merge process due to slightly different lighting of the
page. The contrast and gamma values have been adjusted to restore the images.
To view a figure while reading the corresponding text, try opening the file in two windows.
For some viewers, you may have to copy the file and open both the copy and the original.
Here are the definitions of some words used in the text. Medical terms are defined only
relating to humans. Words are omitted that have ambiguous or technical meanings not expressible
in lay language.
acromial (acromion)
Outward end of the spine of the scapula or shoulder blade.
adipose
Consisting of, resembling, or relating to fat.
anasarca
Pronounced, generalized edema; accumulation of serous fluid in various tissues and cavities
of the body.
anastomosing (anastomoses, anastomosis)
Communication between blood vessels by means of collateral channels, when usual routes
are obstructed. Opening between two organs or spaces that normally are not connected.
aneurism
Localized blood-filled dilatation of a blood vessel caused by disease or weakening of the
vessel's wall.
anthropotomist (anthropotomy)
One versed in human anatomy.
aorta (aortic)
Main trunk of the arterial system, conveying blood from the left ventricle of the heart to all of
the body except the lungs.
apices (plural of apex)
Pointed end of an object; the tip.
aponeurosis
Sheet-like fibrous membrane, resembling a flattened tendon, that serves as a fascia to bind
muscles together or as a means of connecting muscle to bone.armamentaria
Complete equipment of a physician or medical institution, including books, supplies, and
instruments.
auscultation
Listening, either directly or through a stethoscope or other instrument, to sounds within the
body as a method of diagnosis.
axilla (axillary)
Armpit.
azygos
Occurring singly; not one of a pair.
bifid
Separated or cleft into two equal parts or lobes.
biliary
Relating to bile, the bile ducts, or the gallbladder; transporting bile.
bistoury
Long, narrow surgical knife for minor incisions.
bougie
Slender, flexible instrument introduced into body passages, to dilate, examine, or medicate.
brachial (brachio)
Belonging to the arm.
bubonocele
Inguinal hernia, in which the protrusion of the intestine is limited to the region of the groin.
cannula
Metal tube for insertion into the body to draw off fluid or to introduce medication.
carotid
Two large arteries, one on each side of the head.
cephalic
Relating to the head.
cervical
Pertaining to the neck.
chlorotic
Benign iron-deficiency anemia in adolescent girls, marked by a pale yellow-green
complexion.
clavicle
Either of two slender bones extending from the upper part of the sternum (breastbone) to the
shoulder.
coaptation
Joining together of two surfaces, such as the edges of a wound or the ends of a broken bone.
condyle
Smooth surface area at the end of a bone, forming part of a joint.
costal
Pertaining to the ribs or the upper sides of the body.cremaster
Suspensory muscle of the testis.
crural
Relating to the leg or thigh.
director
A smoothly grooved instrument used with a knife to limit the incision of tissues.
distal
Situated away from the point of origin or attachment.
dropsy (dropsical) (edema)
Swelling from excessive accumulation of watery fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities
emphysema
Chronic, irreversible disease of the lungs; abnormal enlargement of air spaces in the lungs
accompanied by destruction of the tissue lining the walls of the air spaces.
emunctory
Organ or duct that removes or carries waste from the body.
epigastric (epigastrium)
Upper middle region of the abdomen.
episternal
See sternum.
esophagus
See oesophagus.
euphoneously (euphoniously)
Pleasant in sound; agreeable to the ear;
exigence
Urgency, need, demand, or requirement intrinsic to a circumstance.
extravasation
Exuding or passing out of a vessel into surrounding tissues; said of blood, lymph or urine
fascia
A band of connective tissue supporting, or binding together internal organs or parts of the
body.
femoral
Pertaining to, or situated at, in, or near the thigh or femur.
fistula
Abnormal duct or passage resulting from injury, disease, or a congenital disorder that
connects an abscess, cavity, or hollow organ to the body surface or to another hollow organ.
foramen (foramina)
Opening, orifice, or short passage, as in a bone.
fossa (fossae)
Small cavity or depression, as in a bone.
hepatic
Pertaining to the liver.herniae (hernia)
Protrusion of an organ or tissue through an opening in its surrounding walls, especially in the
abdomen.
humerus
Bone in the arm of humans extending from the shoulder to the elbow.
hydragogue
Cathartics that aid in the removal of edematous fluids and thus promote the discharge of
watery fluid from the bowels.
hydrocele
An accumulation of serous fluid, usually about the testis.
hydrops
See dropsy. Edema.
iliac artery
Common iliac artery--either of two large arteries that conduct blood to the pelvis and the legs.
External iliac artery--the outer branch of an iliac artery that becomes the femoral artery.
Hypogastric artery--internal iliac artery; the inner branch of an iliac artery that conducts
blood to the gluteal region.
infundibuliform
Shaped like a funnel.
inguinal
Relating to, or located in the groin.
innominate
Designated parts otherwise unnamed; as, the innominate artery, a great branch of the arch of
the aorta; the innominate vein, a great branch of the superior vena cava.
inosculate
Unite by openings; connect or join so as to become or make continuous, as fibers; blend,
unite intimately
integument
Natural covering, coating, enclosure, etc., as a skin, shell, or rind.
laryngotomy
Cutting into the larynx, from the outside of the neck, to assist respiration, or to remove
foreign bodies.
ligature
Thread or wire for constriction of blood vessels or for removing tumors by strangulation.
lithotomy
Surgery to remove one or more stones from an organ or duct.
meatus
Body opening such as the opening of the ear or the urethral canal.
metamorphosis
Profound change in form from one stage to the next, as from the caterpillar to the pupa and
from the pupa to the adult butterfly.
micturition
Passing urine; urination.nares (naris)
Nostrils or the nasal passages.
nisus
Effort or endeavor to realize an aim.
occiput
Back part of the head or skull.
oesophagus (esophagus)
Muscular membranous tube for the passage of food from the pharynx to the stomach.
osseous
Bone, bony;
palmar
Pertaining to, or located in the palm of the hand.
paracentesis
Puncture of the wall of a cavity to drain off fluid.
parietes
Wall of a body part, organ, or cavity.
parotid
Salivary gland situated at the base of each ear; near the ear.
percussion
Striking or tapping the surface the body for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
pericardii (pericardium)
A double membranous sac protecting the heart. The layer in contact with the heart is referred
to as the visceral layer, the outer layer in contact with surrounding organs is the parietal
pericardium.
peritoneum (peritonaeum)
Serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity and folds inward to enclose the
viscera.
pharynx (pharyngeal)
The cavity, with its surrounding membrane and muscles, that connects the mouth and nasal
passages with the esophagus.
physiology (physiologist)
Biological study of the functions of living org