The Memoirs of General Philip H. Sheridan, Volume I., Part 3

Philip Henry Sheridan

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• Publié par: nocor
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 40
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

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MEMOIRS OF GENERAL SHERIDAN, Vol. I., Part 3 The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Memoirs of General Philip H. Sheridan, Vol. I., Part 3, by P. H. Sheridan This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: The Memoirs of General Philip H. Sheridan, Vol. I., Part 3 Author: P. H. Sheridan Release Date: June 5, 2004 [EBook #5856] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF GENERAL SHERMAN *** Produced by David Widger PERSONAL MEMOIRS OF P. H. SHERIDAN Volume I. Part 3

CONTENTS CHAPTER XVI At Chattanooga—The Enemy Fortifies Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge—Reorganizing the Army —Removal of General Rosecrans—Punishment of Deserters—Grant at Chattanooga—The Fight on Lookout Mountain—A Brave Color-Bearer —Battle of Missionary Ridge CHAPTER XVII. Ordered to Return to Chattanooga—March to Knoxville —Collecting Subsistence Stores—A Clever Stratagem —A Bridge of Wagons—Looking Out for the Personal Comfort of the Soldiers—A Leave of Absence —Ordered to Washington—Parting with Sheridan's Division CHAPTER XVIII. At Washington—Meeting Secretary Stanton—Interview with President Lincoln—Made Commander of the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac —Its Officers—General 'Meade's Method of Using Cavalry—Opening of the Campaign—Spottsylvania Court House—A Difference with General Meade —Preparing to Fight Stuart's Cavalry CHAPTER XIX. The Expedition Starts—Destroying Supplies—Opening of the Fight at Yellow Tavern—General Custer's Brilliant Charge—Death of General Stuart—Removing Torpedoes—Excitement in Richmond—A Night March —Enterprising Newsboys—The Effects of Stuart's Defeat and Death—End of the First Expedition —Its Great Success and Beneficial Results CHAPTER XX. General Wilson's Advance Toward Hanover Court House—Crossing the Pamunkey—Engagement of Hawe's Shop—Fight at Matadequin Creek—Capture of Cold Harbor—The Fight to Retain the Place—Movements of General Wilson CHAPTER XXI. The Movement to the James—The Second Expedition —Battle of Trevillian Station—Defeat of General Wade Hampton—Mallory's Crossroads—Suffering of the Wounded—Securing the Trains—General Gregg's Stubborn Fight CHAPTER XXII. General Wilson's Raid—Destroying Railroads —His Discomfiture—Results of his Raid—Remounts —Movement to the North Side of the James —Deceiving Lee—My Isolated Position—Estimate

of Hancock—Success of the Cavalry—Their Constant Duties CHAPTER XXIII. General Hunter's Successful March and Subsequent Retreat—General Jubal A. Early Threatens Washington —Chambersburg, Pa., Burned—Selected to Operate Against General Early—The Shenandoah Valley —The Confederate Army CHAPTER XXIV. Moving on General Early—General Grant's Letter of Instructions—Destroying the Resources of the Valley —Reason for the Destruction—Withdrawal to Halltown —Alarm in the North over the Retrograde Movement —Renewing the Advance up the Valley—General Anderson's Attempt to Return to Petersburg —Strength of the Armies ILLUSTRATIONS. Steel Portrait—General P. H. Sheridan  Portrait of General D. McM. Gregg  Portrait of General A. T. A. Torbert  Portrait of General Wesley Merritt  Portrait of General George A. Custer  Portrait of General Sheridan During the War  Portrait of General James H. Wilson LIST OF MAPS. Positions of General Sheridan's Division prior to the Attack on Missionary Ridge  First Expedition—The Richmond Raid  Second Expedition—The Trevillian Raid  Third Expedition—Raid to Roanoke Station  General Map, Embracing all the Expeditions  Map of the Shenandoah Valley 

VOLUME I. Part 3 By Philip Henry Sheridan CHAPTER XVI. AT CHATTANOOGA—THE ENEMY FORTIFIES LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN AND MISSIONARY RIDGE—REORGANIZING THE ARMY—REMOVAL OF GENERAL ROSECRANS—PUNISHMENT OF DESERTERS—GRANT AT CHATTANOOGA—THE FIGHT ON LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN—A BRAVE COLOR-BEARER—BATTLE OF MISSIONARY RIDGE. By 9 o'clock on the morning of September 22 my command took up a position within the heavy line of intrenchments at Chattanooga, the greater part of which defenses had been thrown up since the army commenced arriving there the day before. The enemy, having now somewhat recovered from the shock of the recent battle, followed carefully, and soon invested us close into our lines with a parallel system of rifle-pits. He also began at once to erect permanent lines of earthworks on Missionary Ridge and to establish himself strongly on Lookout Mountain. He then sent Wheeler's cavalry north of the Tennessee, and, aided greatly by the configuration of the ground, held us in a state of partial siege, which serious rains might convert into a complete investment. The occupation of Lookout Mountain broke our direct communication with Bridgeport-our sub- depot—and forced us to bring supplies by way of the Sequatchie Valley and Waldron's Ridge of the Cumberland Mountains, over a road most difficult even in the summer season, but now liable to be rendered impassable by autumn rains. The distance to Bridgeport by this circuitous route was sixty miles, and the numerous passes, coves, and small valleys through which the road ran offered tempting opportunities, for the destruction of trains, and the enemy was not slow to take advantage of them. Indeed, the situation was not promising, and General Rosecrans himself, in communicating with the President the day

succeeding the battle of Chickamauga, expressed doubts of his ability to hold the gateway of the Cumberland Mountains. The position taken up by my troops inside the lines of Chattanooga was near the old iron-works, under the shadow of Lookout Mountain. Here we were exposed to a continual fire from the enemy's batteries for many days, but as the men were well covered by secure though simple intrenchments, but little damage was done. My own headquarters were established on the grounds of Mr. William Crutchfield, a resident of the place, whose devotion to the Union cause knew no bounds, and who rendered me—and, in fact, at one time or another, nearly every general officer in the Army of the Cumberland— invaluable service in the way of information about the Confederate army. My headquarters camp frequently received shots from the point of Lookout Mountain also, but fortunately no casualties resulted from this plunging fire, though, I am free to confess, at first our nerves were often upset by the whirring of twenty-pounder shells dropped inconsiderately into our camp at untimely hours of the night. In a few days rain began to fali, and the mountain roads by which our supplies came were fast growing impracticable. Each succeeding train of wagons took longer to make the trip from Bridgeport, and the draft mules were dying by the hundreds. The artillery horses would soon go too, and there was every prospect that later the troops would starve unless something could be done. Luckily for my division, a company of the Second Kentucky Cavalry had attached itself to my headquarters, and, though there without authority, had been left undisturbed in view of a coming reorganization of the army incidental to the removal of McCook and Crittenden from the command of their respective corps, a measure that had been determined upon immediately after the battle of Chickamauga. Desiring to remain with me, Captain Lowell H. Thickstun, commanding this company, was ready for any duty I might find, for him, so I ordered him into the Sequatchie Valley for the purpose of collecting supplies for my troops, and sent my scout, Card along to guide him to the best locations. The company hid itself away in a deep cove in the upper end of the valley, and by keeping very quiet and paying for everything it took from the people, in a few days was enabled to send me large quantities of corn for my animals and food for the officers and men, which greatly supplemented the scanty supplies we were getting from the sub-depot at Bridgeport. In this way I carried men and animals through our beleaguerment in pretty fair condition, and of the turkeys, chickens, ducks, and eggs sent in for the messes of my officers we often had enough to divide liberally among those at different headquarters. Wheeler's cavalry never discovered my detached company, yet the chances of its capture were not small, sometimes giving much uneasiness; still, I concluded it was better to run all risks than to let the horses die of starvation in Chattanooga. Later, after the battle of Missionary Ridge, when I started to Knoxville, the company joined me in excellent shape, bringing with it an abundance of food, including a small herd of beef cattle. The whole time my line remained near the iron-mills the shelling from Lookout was kept up, the screeching shots inquisitively asking in their well- known way, "Where are you? Where are you?" but it is strange to see how readily, soldiers can become accustomed to the sound of dangerous missiles under circumstances of familiarity, and this case was no exception to the rule. Few casualties occurred, and soon contempt took the place of nervousness, and as we could not reply in kind on account of the elevation required for our guns, the men responded by jeers and imprecations whenever a shell fell into their camp. Meantime, orders having been issued for the organization of the army, additional troops were attached to my command, and it became the Second Division of the Fourth Army Corps, to which Major-General Gordon Granger