The Northmen, Columbus and Cabot, 985-1503

Various, Julius E. [Editor] Olson, Edward Gaylord Bourne

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• Publié par: eslu
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 25
• Langue: English

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Title: The Northmen, Columbus and Cabot, 985-1503
Author: Various
Editor: Julius E. Olson and Edward Gaylord Bourne
Release Date: June 13, 2006 [EBook #18571]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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Transcriber’s Note
A number of typographical errors have been maintained in the current
version of this book. They are marked and the corrected text is shown in
the popup. A list of these errors is found at the end of this book.
[i]
O R I G I N A L N A R R A T I V E S
O F E A R L Y A M E R I C A N H I S T O R Y
REPRODUCED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE
AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION
General Editor, J. FRANKLIN JAMESON, Ph.D., LL.D.
DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH IN THE
CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTONTHE NORTHMEN, COLUMBUS, AND CABOT
985-1503
[ii]
[iii]O R I G I N A L N A R R A T I V E S
O F E A R L Y A M E R I C A N H I S T O R Y
T H E N O R T H M E N
C O L U M B U S A N D C A B O T
9 8 5 - 1 5 0 3
THE VOYAGES OF THE NORTHMEN
EDITED BY
JULIUS E. OLSON
PROFESSOR OF THE SCANDINAVIAN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES
IN THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
THE VOYAGES OF COLUMBUS
AND OF JOHN CABOT
EDITED BY
EDWARD GAYLORD BOURNE, Ph.D.
PROFESSOR OF HISTORY IN YALE UNIVERSITY
WITH MAPS AND A FACSIMILE
REPRODUCTION
CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS
NEW YORK
[iv]Copyright, 1906, by
CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS
Printed in the United States of America
All rights reserved. No part of this book
may be reproduced in any form without
the permission of Charles Scribner’s Sons
[v]GENERAL PREFACE TO THE ORIGINAL
NARRATIVES OF EARLY AMERICAN HISTORY
At its annual meeting in December, 1902, the American Historical
Association approved and adopted the plan of the present series, and the
undersigned was chosen as its general editor. The purpose of the series was to
provide individual readers of history, and the libraries of schools and colleges,
with a comprehensive and well-rounded collection of those classical narratives
on which the early history of the United States is founded, or of those narratives
which, if not precisely classical, hold the most important place as sources of
American history anterior to 1700. The reasons for undertaking such a project
are for the most part obvious. No modern history, however excellent, can give
the reader all that he can get from the ipsissima verba of the first narrators,
Argonauts or eyewitnesses, vivacious explorers or captains courageous. There
are many cases in which secondary narrators have quite hidden from view
these first authorities, whom it is therefore a duty to restore to their rightful
position. In a still greater number of instances, the primitive narrations have
become so scarce and expensive that no ordinary library can hope to possess
anything like a complete set of the classics of early American history.
The series is to consist of such volumes as will illustrate the early history of
all the chief parts of the country, with an additional volume of general index.
The plan contemplates, not a body of extracts, but in general the publication or
republication of whole works or distinct parts of works. In the case of narratives
originally issued in some other language than English, the best available
translations will be used, or fresh versions made. In a few instances, important
[vi]narratives hitherto unprinted will be inserted. The English texts will be taken
from the earliest editions, or those having the highest historical value, and will
be reproduced with literal exactness. The maps will be such as will give real
help toward understanding the events narrated in the volume. The special
editors of the individual works will supply introductions, setting forth briefly the
author’s career and opportunities, when known, the status of the work in the
literature of American history, and its value as a source, and indicating previous
editions; and they will furnish such annotations, scholarly but simple, as will
enable the intelligent reader to understand and to estimate rightly the
statements of the text. The effort has been made to secure for each text the
most competent editor.
The results of all these endeavors will be laid before the public in the
confident hope that they will be widely useful in making more real and more
vivid the apprehension of early American history. The general editor would not
have undertaken the serious labors of preparation and supervision if he had not
felt sure that it was a genuine benefit to American historical knowledge and
American patriotism to make accessible, in one collection, so large a body of
pioneer narrative. No subsequent sources can have quite the intellectual
interest, none quite the sentimental value, which attaches to these early
narrations, springing direct from the brains and hearts of the nation’s founders.
Sacra recognosces annalibus eruta priscis.
J. FRANKLIN JAMESON.
Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C.[vii]
NOTE
Special acknowledgments and thanks are due to the representatives of the
late Arthur Middleton Reeves, who have kindly permitted the use of his
translations of the Vinland sagas, originally printed in his Finding of Wineland
the Good, published in London by the Clarendon Press in 1890; to the
President and Council of the Hakluyt Society, for permission to use Sir
Clements Markham’s translation of the Journal of Columbus’s first voyage,
printed in Vol. LXXXVI. of the publications of that Society (London, 1893), and
that of Dr. Chanca’s letter and of the letter of Columbus respecting his fourth
voyage, by the late Mr. R. H. Major, in their second and forty-third volumes,
Select Letters of Columbus (London, 1847, 1870); to the Honorable John Boyd
Thacher, of Albany, for permission to use his version of Las Casas’s narrative
of the third voyage, as printed by him in his Christopher Columbus (New York,
1904), published by Messrs. G. P. Putnam’s Sons; to Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin
and Company for permission to use, out of the third volume of Winsor’s
Narrative and Critical History of America, the late Dr. Charles Deane’s
translation, revised by Professor Bennet H. Nash, of the second letter of
Raimondo de Soncino respecting John Cabot’s expedition; and to George
Philip and Son, Limited, of London, for permission to use the map in Markham’s
Life of Christopher Columbus as the basis for the map in the present volume,
showing the routes of Columbus’s four voyages.
[viii]
[ix]
CONTENTS
ORIGINAL NARRATIVES OF THE VOYAGES OF THE NORTHMEN
Edited by Professor Julius E. Olson
PAGE
Introduction 3
The Saga of Eric the Red 14
The Ancestry of Gudrid 14
The Colonization of Greenland 15
Gudrid’s Father emigrates to Greenland 20
The Sibyl and the Famine in Greenland 21
Leif the Lucky and the Discovery of Vinland 23
Thorstein’s Attempt to find Vinland 26
The Marriage of Gudrid to Thorstein 27
The Ancestry of Thorfinn Karlsefni; his Marriage with
30Gudrid
Karlsefni’s Voyage to Vinland 31
The First Winter in Vinland 34
Description of Vinland and the Natives 36The Uniped; Snorri; the Captured Natives 40
Biarni Grimolfson’s Self-sacrifice 42
Karlsefni and Gudrid’s Issue 43
The Vinland History of the Flat Island Book 45
Eric the Red and the Colonization of Greenland 45
Leif Ericson’s Baptism in Norway 47
Biarni Herjulfson sights New Land 48
Biarni’s visit to Norway 50
Leif’s Voyage of Exploration 50
The Discovery of Grapes 52
Thorvald’s Expedition to Vinland 54
Thorfinn Karlsefni’s Expedition to Vinland 59
The Expedition of Freydis and her Companions 62
Karlsefni and Gudrid return to Iceland 65
From Adam of Bremen’s Descriptio Insularum Aquilonis 67
From the Icelandic Annals 69
Annales Regii 69
[x]From the Elder Skálholt Annals 69
Papal Letters Concerning the Bishopric of Gardar in
Greenland During the Fifteenth Century 70
Letter of Nicholas V. 70
Letter of Alexander VI. 73
ORIGINAL NARRATIVES OF THE VOYAGES OF COLUMBUS
Edited by Professor Edward G. Bourne
Articles of Agreement Between the Lords, the Catholic
Sovereigns, and Christóbal Colon 77
Columbus appointed Admiral and Viceroy of such
Mainland and Islands as he should Discover 77
Title Granted by the Catholic Sovereigns to Christóbal
Colon of Admiral, Viceroy, and Governor of the Islands and
Mainland that may be Discovered 81
The Powers and Privileges of the Office of Admiral 82
Journal of the First Voyage of Columbus 85
Introduction 87
The Voyage to the Canaries; repairs on the Pinta 91
The Double Reckoning of the Distances 94
Traces of the Nearness of Land 96
T