Characteristics of Industrial R&D in K orea

Sujets

• Économie
• Economy

Informations

• Publié par: paul.vallen
• Nombre de lectures: 21
• Langue: English

Extrait

Characteristics of Industrial R&D in K orea International Workshop on Research & I nnovation in South Korea 2003. 3. 4. Jae-ik Choi, Ph.D. Korea Industrial Technology Association 1Contents I. Current Status of Industrial R&D 1. Industrial R&D History 2. Features of Industrial R&D 3. Features of Industrial R&D Centers 4. Major Achievements II. Industrial R&D Support 1. Tax Credit 2. Manpower 3. Financial Support III. Problems & Policy Directions 1. Problems & Challenges of Korea’s Industrial R&D 2. R&D Trends in Industry 3. Policy Directions IV. Government s Policies to Attract Foreign R&D Centers ’ 1. Foreign Direct Investments in R&D 2 2. Incentives for Foreign Direct Investments in R&DI. C urrent Status of Industrial R&D ut usItriR& 3Industrial R&D History • KIST(1966), Ministry of S&T(1967) • Technology Development Promotion Law(1972) 1960~ • KOITA(1979) 70’s’s • National R&D programs and Accreditation system of industrial R&D centers(1981) • Industrial R&D support policy launched - Tax credit on R&D(1981), Military service exemption(1981), Cus toms duties credit(1983) 1980’s • Increase in the number of R&D centers • Venture Promotion Act(1996): Surge of Venture Companies’ R& D centers 1990’s • Industry becoming the core of NIS(10,000, 75% of national R&D) • Foreign R&D centers’ increase(134) 2000’s 4Features of Industrial R&D R&D Investments by Industry in US 100million dollars 1981 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 Total(A) 5.2 13.9 46.7 121.9 122.5 124.8 144.3 Industry(B) 2.1 9.1 33.1 89.1 90.7 95.1 108.1 B/A(%) 41.1 65.4 70.9 73.1 74.0 76.2 74.9% R&D Spending by M anufacturing Sector(2002) in US 100million dollars Mechanical appliances Food p Other Chemi rocessi Textile manufa Total cal Electro Autom ng cturing Subtotal Others nics obile Amount 77.1 49.4 13.7 14.0 9.7 1.7 1.0 3.1 92.6 % 83.4 53.4 14.8 15.2 10.5 1.8 1.0 3.3 100.0 5Features of Industrial R&D R&D Intensity of Industry(R&D/Sales) (%) Country 1991 1995 1997 1995 2000 2002 Korea 2.02 2.51 2.57 2.15 2.37 2.51 International Comparison US 3.6% (1999) Japan 3.99% (2002) Germany 3.90% (1999) Korea 2.51% (2002) 6Features of Industrial R&D Korea’s R&D Manpower 1981 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 Total R&D ma 20,718 41,473 70,503 128,315 159,973 178,937 189,888 npower(A) Industrial R&D 7,165 18,996 38,737 68,625 94,333 111,299 118,160 personnel(B) B/A % 34.6% 45.8% 54.9% 53.5% 59.0% 62.2% 62.2% Ph.D.(%) 79(1.1) 251(1.3) 1,139(2.9) 3,373(4.9) 5,351(5.7) 6,932(6.2) 7,324(6.2) MA(%) 612(8.5) 3,594(18.9) 8,822(22.8) 20,450(29.8) 29,166(30.9) 33,288(29.9) 37,596(31.8) By deg ree BA(%) 5,685(79.3) 14,280(75.2) 27,414(70.8) 41,191(60) 51,594(54.7) 61,437(55.2) 65,249(55.2) Others 789(11.0) 871(4.6) 1,362(3.5) 3,611(5.3) 8,222(8.7) 9,642(8.7) 7,991(6.8) (%) 7Features of Industrial R&D Centers Eligibility of Industrial R&D Centers M anpower requirem ents M anequi SMEs Five or more BA or higher degree holders in science and engineering - Two or more researchers for venture companies’ R&D centers LARGE Ten or more BA or higher degree holders Physical Requirem ents Physquir Independent R&D facilities(including space and R&D equipments) necessary for R&D activities - Space should strictly be seperated by the wall 8Features of Industrial R&D Centers Rapid Growth of Industrial R&D Centers 9,810 9,705 9,070 8,927 8,863 SME Large 8,217 7,110 6,307 Total 4,810 3,760 4,013 3,060 2,610 2,270 2,960 1,980 2,278 1,690 1,435 1,201 1,350 1,862 883 800 853 1,578 803 842 966 1,113 797 782 824 903 604 708 748 455 290 532 692 421 577 545 493 630 152 183 53 82 122 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 9Features of Industrial R&D Centers SM E 8,927 / 91% research centers Concentrated on Electrics 5,573 / 57% of the total & Electronics(ICT) Concentrated in the 7,140 / 73% metropolitan areas 10