A contribution on the bio-actions of rare earth elements in the soil-plant environment [Elektronische Ressource] / von Hassan Ragab Hassan El-Ramady

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Informations

• Publié par: technische_universitat_carolo-wilhelmina_zu_braunschweig
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 61
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

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A contribution on the bio-actions of rare earth elements
in the soil/plant environment




Von der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften

der Technischen Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina

zu Braunschweig

zur Erlangung des Grades eines

Doktors der Naturwissenschaften

(Dr. rer. nat.)

genehmigte

D i s s e r t a t i o n















von Hassan Ragab Hassan El-Ramady
aus Kafr El-Sheikh, Ägypten

















































1. Referent: apl. Professor Dr. Dr. Dr. Ewald Schnug
2. Referent: apl. Professor Dr. Dirk Selmar
eingereicht am: 11.06.2008
mündliche Prüfung (Disputation) am: 14.08.2008

Druckjahr 2008


Dedication

I didicate this work to my great mother Nozha, my great father Ragab,
my lovely wife Neama, my handsome sons Mahmoud and Abd El-
Rahman.



































Acknowledgments

I would like to express my deepest appreciation and sincere gratitude to my
supervisor, Prof. Dr. Dr. Dr. Ewald Schnug, head of the Institute for Crop and Soil
Science (PB), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (Julius Kuehn-Institut,
JKI), Braunschweig for initially accepting me as a Ph. D. Candiddate and later on for
his encouragement, and for helpful and enlightening discussions.
Similarly, I am thankful to Prof. Dr. Silvia Haneklaus, for her kind and
endless encouragement, constructive criticism and guidance during the preparation
of this work, valuable ideas and basic editing.
I also acknowledge Dr. Kirsten Stoeven, Dr. Sylvia Kratz, Dr. Juergen
Fleckenstein, Dr. Holger Lilienthal, Dr. Susanne Schroetter, Dr. Kerstin Panten, Dr.
Elke Bloem and Prof. Dr. Jutta Rogasik for their sincere guidance and valuable
criticism during the progress of this study.
My special thanks go to Prof. Dr. Dieter Grill and Dr. Karin Herbinger (Graz
University, Institute of Plant Physiology, Austria) for the analyses all leaf disc
samples.
My special thanks also go to Prof. Helmut Sigel (University of Basel,
Switzerland), Prof. Davey Jones (University of Wales, UK), Prof. Mohamed A.
Tabatabai (Iowa State University, USA), Dr. James Hedrick (U.S. Geological Survey,
USA), Dr. Mathias Seifert (Institute for Biochemistry of Cereals and Potatoes, Detmold,
Germany ), Dr. Keiko Tagami (National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba,
Japan), Prof. Zhengyi Hu (Deputy Dean of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China), Prof. Jianguo Zhu (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Nanjing, China), Dr. Zhihui Yang (Hunan Agricultural University,
Changsha, China), Mr. Fuyu Yang (Chinese Agriculture University, Beijing, China),
and Mrs. Jia, Lu (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China)
for their help.
I am also grateful to Gisela Koenig, Angelika Gonser, Ursula Krueger and
Rose-Marie Rietz, for their laboratory assisstance and also Geert Oertel, Helmut
Kammerer, Detlef Siemers and Frank Przebierala for greenhouse experiment
technical assisstance.
Finally, I would like to extend my sincere appreciation and acknowledge to
all colleagues and friends with whom I shared whose names and contributions I can
not enumerate due to space limition. To you all, I say vielen Dank!.

Table of contents i

Table of Contents

Table of Contents................................................................................................... i
List of Tables......................................................................................................... ii
List of Figures........................................................................................................ v
1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 1
2 Literature Review.................................................................................................. 6
2.1 REEs in Parent Materials and Soils………………………………………………. 10
2.2 REEs in Plants........................................................................................................ 32
2.3 Ecotoxicology of REEs........................................................................................... 49
2.4 REEs in Humans and Animals………………………………………………….. 55
3 Material and Methods........................................................................................... 57
3.1 Soil Characteristics.................................................................................................. 57
3.2 Experimental Design............................................................................................... 58
3.3 Analytical Methods................................................................................................. 59
3.4 Statistical Analysis.................................................................................................. 71
4 Results.................................................................................................................... 72
4.1 Influence of REEs on Chemical Soil Characteristics……………………………. 74
4.2 Influence of REEs on Soil Microbiological Parameters…………………………. 75
4.2.1 Influence of REEs on Soil Microbial Counts……………………………………. 76
4.2.2 Influence of REEs on Soil Enzyme Activities…………………………………… 82
4.3 Influence of REEs on Plant Features…………………………………………….. 86
4.3.1 Influence of REEs on Yield Parameters…………………………………………. 87
4.3.2 Influence of REE Applications on the Uptake of Macro and Micro-Nutrients….. 93
4.3.3 Influence of REEs on Stress-related Enzyme Activities in maize and oilseed rape 108
5 Discussion............................................................................................................... 111
5.1 Dose/effect relationships of REEs on Soil Characteristics………………………. 111
5.2 EEs on Plant Characteristics……………………… 120
5.3 Evaluation of Chances and Ecotoxicological Risks of REEs in Agriculture…….. 130
6 Summary/Zusammenfassung............................................................................... 135
References……………………………………………………………………….. 7 144
8 Appendix................................................................................................................. 174







List of tables ii
LIST OF TABLES


1.1 Discovery and origins of names of REEs ……………………………………………………... 2
1.2 World mine production reserves and reserves base of REEs ………………………. 4
2.1 Milestones in agricultural research on REEs………………………………………………… 7
2.2a Characterization of REEs ........................................................................................................... 8
2.2b ........................................................................................................ 8
2.2c REEs ........................................................................................................... 9
2.2d ........................................................................................................ 9
-12.3 REE concentrations (µg g ) in the earth’s crust, sea water, atmosphere and biosphere ……… 10
2.4 Mean total REE content in soils from different types of parent materials ……………………. 10
-12.5 Content of REEs in different types of soils (µg g ) in China and some factors affecting it
……………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
-12.6 Concentration (µg g ) of REEs in soils of some selected countries …………........... 12
-12.7 Effects of amendment with CaCO or CaSO × 2H O on pH, EC (dS m ), and mean REE 3 4 2
concentrations in soil solutions extracted from 10 Australian acid soils……………………. 17
2.8 Comparison of maximum biosorption capacities of various micro-organisms for several rare
earth metal ions from different authors ………………………………………………………. 20
-12.9 Total content of REEs in soils of experimental sites in China ( μg g ) with and without REE
fertilizer ………………………………………………………………………………………. 26
2.10 Concentrations of REEs as ranges and mean values in control and fertilized 15 Chinese soils 27
compared with concentration of REEs in roots and shoots of wheat……………………........
2.11 Desorption of adsorbed REEs by soils and minerals …………………………………………... 31
2.12 Average concentrations of REEs in some plant species and the used soil …………. 33
-12.13 REE content (ng g ) in edible parts of vegetables, wheat and rice grown in Beijing site
(China) with and without REEs fertilizer application ………………….................................... 39
2.14 Yield increases (positive increasing effects and relative to control) observed after REE
applications to different crops ……