Boron coordination and co-incorporation of Al, Ga in *BEA borosilicate and dissolution of zeolite nanoparticles from large particles in organic solvents [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Huong Thi Thanh Tong

Tong Thi Thanh Huong

Informations

• Publié par: westfalische_wilhelms-universitat_munster
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 277
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

Huong Thi Thanh Tong






Boron Coordination and Co-incorporation of
Al, Ga in *BEA Borosilicate and
Dissolution of Zeolite Nanoparticles from
Large Particles in Organic Solvents

















2007



































Physikalische Chemie






Boron Coordination and Co-incorporation of
Al, Ga in *BEA Borosilicate and
Dissolution of Zeolite Nanoparticles from
Large Particles in Organic Solvents


Inaugural-Dissertation
zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften
im Fachbereich Chemie und Pharmazie
der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster



vorgelegt von
Huong Thi Thanh Tong
aus Hanoi, Vietnam


2007















Dekan: Prof. Dr. F. E. Hahn
Erster Gutachter: PD Dr. H. Koller
Zweiter Gutachter: Prof. Dr. H. J. Galla
Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 11.07.2007
Tag der Promotion: 11.07.2007






















To Vinh, for always believing in me
And Tintin, to show him what is possible

























Acknowledgements
This work was performed in the Institute of Physical Chemistry at the Westfälischen
Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
I know, however, that I would not have been able to finish this thesis without the help
and support of a number of people, whom I want to thank here.
First and foremost, I would like to deeply thank my advisor PD Dr. Hubert Koller for
giving me the opportunity to work in his group for past four years. With his enthusiasm, his
inspiration, and his great efforts to explain things clearly and simply, he has helped to make
this work enjoyable for me. Throughout my work, he provided encouragement, good
teaching and lots of good ideas.
I wish to thank Prof. Dr. Hans-Joachim Galla for mentoring me and many fruitful
discussions in this thesis. I also thank Prof. Dr. Hans-Dieter Wiemhöfer for being my co-
mentor and reviewing the thesis.
I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Hellmut Eckert for so readily receiving me into his
group, providing resources and fruitful suggestions in the group seminars. Many thanks go
to Prof. Dr. Monika Schönhoff for valuable discussion and providing me the opportunity to
work with the DLS.
I would like to express my gratitude for members of my doctoral committee for taking
time out of their busy schedules to review this thesis, providing insightful suggestions and
commentary on the manuscript.
I would like to acknowledge the Vietnamese Ministry of Education and Training
(MOET) with project 322 and the Institute of Physical Chemistry for financial support.
This work would not have been possible without the assistance of the people, who help
me to characterize the samples. I would like to thank Tobias Schuldt for the AFM images, viii Acknowledgements
Wilma Pröbsting for the thermal analysis, Dr. Michael Wark and Falco Mark Schappacher
for the SEM micrographs, Dr. Birgit Janza for providing dried DMF, and Katja Hoffmann
for explaining the DLS measurement.
Many thanks go to Dr. Karin Meise-Gresch for scientific support. I also want to thank
Jakob Kopp for his hardware support and teaching me to paint, Sebastian Wegner and
Hendrik Feldhues for helping out with computer, Birgit Heying, Thomas Fickenscher and Dr.
Marcus Eschen for XRD support.
Thanks to all members of AK Koller, AK Eckert, and AK van Wüllen for assistance and
the pleasant atmosphere and working environment.
I would like to acknowledge Ansgar Bögershausen and Edgar Jordan for guidance and
advice, especially at the beginning of my work in Münster. Many thanks go to Dr. Long
Zhang for his scientific support and friendship. I am also grateful to my colleagues and
friends Geo Paul, Simone Ulke, Nina Wichner and Jan Heimink for invaluable help in the
work as well as in the life.
I would like to thank all my friends, who always encourage me when I was discouraged.
All e-mail from them kept me thinking I would never be alone.
My deepest gratitude goes to my parents for their unwavering encouragement and
believing in me throughout my life. Without their constant support and love, I would not be
the person I am today. I wish to thank my parents-in-law, who have always supported in my
life. I also want to thank to my brother, sisters- and brothers-in-law for always encouraging
me.
Finally, this thesis is dedicated my husband, Vinh, for his assistance and sympathy to
encourage me follow my dreams; and to my son, Tintin, to show him what is possible.


Contents

Acknowledgements...............................................................................................................vii
Contents.................................................................................................................................. ix
Abbreviations.......................................................................................................................xiii
1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Zeolites .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 Zeolites and Historical Perspective...................................................................... 1
1.1.2 Zeolites and Molecular Sieve Materials .............................................................. 2
1.2 Beta Zeolites and Beta Borosilicates............................................................................. 4
1.2.1 Beta Zeolites ........................................................................................................ 4
1.2.2 Beta Borosilicates ................................................................................................ 6
1.2.3 Applications ......................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Zeolite Nanocrystals ..................................................................................................... 9
1.4 Scope of this Thesis 10
2 Synthesis of Zeolites and Molecular Sieves.................................................................... 13
2.1 Organic Structure Directing Agents............................................................................ 14
2.1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................ 14
2.1.2 Removal of SDAs from the Zeotype Framework.............................................. 15
2.1.3 SDAs for Beta Zeolite and Beta Borosilicate Synthesis.................................... 16
2.2 Hydrothermal Technique............................................................................................. 17
2.2.1 Induction Period................................................................................................. 18
2.2.2 Nucleation.......................................................................................................... 19
2.2.3 Crystal Growth................................................................................................... 19
2.3 Dry-Gel Conversion Technique .................................................................................. 19
2.4 Post-Synthesis Modification........................................................................................ 20
3 Colloidal Zeolite Nanocrystals 23x Contents
3.1 Synthesis of Zeolite Nanocrystals ............................................................................... 24
3.1.1 Synthesis of Zeolite Nanocrystals from Clear Solution and Gel ....................... 24
3.1.2 Confined Space Synthesis.................................................................................. 27
3.2 Application of Zeolite Nanocrystals............................................................................ 29
3.2.1 Preparation of Structure Materials..................................................................... 30
3.2.2 Tailored Synthesis of Porous Solids .................................................................. 33
3.2.3 Other Applications of Zeolite Nanocrystals ...................................................... 34
3.3 Zeolite Nanoparticles Prepared in Organic Solvents .................................................. 35
3.3.1 Organic Solvent ................................................................................................. 35
3.3.2 Nanoparticles in Organic Sol