Bryophyte-regulated deadwood and carbon cycling in humid boreal forests [Elektronische Ressource] = Régulation des cycles du bois mort et du carbone par les bryophytes dans les forêts boréales humides = Regulative Einflüsse von Moosen auf den Totholz- und Kohlenstoffkreislauf in humiden borealen Wäldern / vorgelegt von Ulrike Hagemann

Ulrike Hagemann

Informations

• Publié par: technische_universitat_dresden
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 42
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 13 Mo

Extrait

FakultätForst-,Geo-undHydrowissenschaften





Bryophyte-regulated deadwood and carbon cycling in
humid boreal forests

(Régulation des cycles du bois mort et du carbone par les
bryophytes dans les forêts boréales humides)

(Regulative Einflüsse von Moosen auf den Totholz- und
Kohlenstoffkreislauf in humiden borealen Wäldern)




Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
Doctor rerum silvaticarum (Dr. rer. silv.)


vorgelegt von
M.Sc. forestry Ulrike Hagemann
geb. am 19.05.1980 in Berlin



Gutachter:

Herr Prof. Dr. Franz Makeschin
Technische Universität Dresden
Fakultät Forst-, Geo-, Hydrowissenschaften

Assoc. Prof. Martin Moroni, Ph.D.
Forestry Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada, Sir Wildfred Grenfell College
University of Tasmania, Australia, School of Plant Science




Ort und Tag der öffentlichen Verteidigung: Tharandt, 9. Dezember 2010

Erklärung des Promovenden


Die Übereinstimmung dieses Exemplars mit dem Original der Dissertation zum Thema:


„Bryophyte-regulated deadwood and carbon cycling in humid boreal forests“


wird hiermit bestätigt.






Statement of the PhD Candidate


I hereby confirm that this copy is identical with the original dissertation titled:


„Bryophyte-regulated deadwood and carbon cycling in humid boreal forests“







……………………………………….….
Ort / Place, Datum / Date





……………………………………….….
Unterschrift / Signature
Acknowledgements
This work was carried out during 2006–2010 as a collaborative project between the Dresden
University of Technology, Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology and the Canadian Forest
Service, Atlantic Forestry Centre, which offered excellent research environments. Funding
was provided by the Government of Canada, the National German Academic Foundation,
the Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard Foundation, the Forest Management Committee of District
19a, the Western Newfoundland Model Forest, and the Institute for Biodiversity, Ecosystem
Science and Sustainability. Substantial logistical and practical support was also provided
by the Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources, the Innu Nation
Environment Office, and the College of the North Atlantic. I gratefully acknowledge the
support of all these institutions and their staff.
Manyindividualscontributedtovariousphasesofthisresearch. ThankstoNeilSimon, Keith
Deering, Darren Jennings, and Bruce Hewlett for help with site selection; to Shirley Hill,
the Goose Bay firefighters, the Innu Nation Forest Guardians, Guy Playfair, Darrell Harris,
Leanne Elson, Natalie Alteen, and Marco Schaufuss for help with field work and sample
preparation; to Cindy Henderson, Dave Beilman, Thomas Klinger, Gerlind Mitschick, Ruth
Rüger, and Manuela Unger for laboratory analyses; and to Bob Simms and Alison Niles for
ensuringtheavailabilityoflaboratoryspaceinHappyValley-GooseBay. IalsothankStephen
Kull, Greg Rampley, Brian Simpson, Cindy Shaw, and Werner Kurz for assistance and
advice with respect to the CBM-CFS3 and its intricacies. I am grateful to Johanna Gleißner
and Michael Diekamp, who contributed considerably to fieldwork, laboratory analyses, and
discussions during their diploma thesis projects.
I warmly thank Prof. Makeschin and Martin Moroni for their optimistic support during the
project initiation phase and for supervision, guidance, inspiration, and valuable criticism
in the course of the project. I extend many thanks for inspiring discussions and valuable
suggestions regarding the manuscripts included in this thesis to them as well as to Werner
Kurz, Cindy Shaw, and Johanna Gleißner.
Finally, I owe my dearest thanks to my parents, my siblings, numerous friends, and particu-
larly to my husband and daughter for continuous encouragement and endless patience. Your
support has been indispensable.
Ulrike Hagemann
Bergschäferei, August 2010Contents
Table of Contents II
List of Tables III
List of Figures IV
Abbreviations V
1 Summary (English/French/German) 1
2 Introduction 5
2.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 Boreal Forest Carbon Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.1 Focus: Humid Northern Boreal Forests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.2 Disturbance Impacts on Carbon Stocks and Dynamics . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.3 Carbon Modelling and Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3 Deadwood in Boreal Forests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3.1 Disturbance Impacts on Deadwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.4 General research questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.5 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.6 Structure and Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.6.1 Scientific Articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.6.2 Other Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.6.3 Acknowledgement of Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3 Methodology 17
3.1 General Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.2 Study Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.2.1 Study Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.2.2 Site Selection and Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.3 Field Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.3.1 Disturbance Chronosequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.3.2 Manipulative Field Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.4 Carbon Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.5 Statistical Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
IContents
4 Results 30
4.1 Live Tree Abundance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.2 Ground Vegetation Abundance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.3 Deadwood Abundance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.3.1 Hagemann U, Moroni M, and Makeschin F. 2009. Deadwood abun-
dance in Labrador high-boreal black spruce forests. Can. J. For. Res.
39(1): 131–142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.4 Woody Debris and Soil Respiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.4.1 Hagemann U, Moroni M, Gleißner J, and Makeschin F. 2010. Distur-
bance history influences woody debris and soil respiration. For. Ecol.
Manage. (in press) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.5 Measured and Modelled Carbon Stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.5.1 Hagemann U, Moroni M, Shaw C, Makeschin F, and Kurz W. 2010.
ComparingmeasuredandmodelledforestCstocksinhigh-borealforests
of harvest and natural- disturbance origin in Labrador, Canada. Ecol.
Model. 221: 825–839 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4.6 Buried Deadwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
4.6.1 Hagemann U, Moroni M, Gleißner J, and Makeschin F. 2010. Accu-
mulation and preservation of dead wood upon burial by bryophytes.
Ecosystems 13(4): 600–611 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
4.6.2 Moroni M, Hagemann U., and Beilman D W. 2010. Dead wood is
buried and preserved in a Labrador boreal forest. Ecosystems 13(3):
452–458 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5 Synthesis and Discussion 100
5.1 Critical Review of Study Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
5.1.1 Site Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
5.1.2 Chronosequence Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
5.1.3 Buried Wood Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
5.1.4 Deadwood Respiration Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
5.2 Humid Boreal Forests - A Rare Ecosystem Group? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
5.3 The Fate of Deadwood in Humid Boreal Forests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
5.3.1 Deadwood Creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
5.3.2ood Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
5.3.3 Bryophyte-driven Burial of Woody Debris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
5.4 Attributes of the Humid Boreal Forest Carbon Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
5.4.1 Bryophyte-regulated Carbon Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
5.4.2 Carbon Modelling of Humid Boreal Forests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
5.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
5.6 Condensed Research Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Referen