Bulletin of the Essex Institute

Essex Institute

Sujets

• Natural history
• Periodical publication

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• Publié par: les_archives_du_savoir
• Nombre de lectures: 115
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

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->:3 yr>yyD k5^^'-^ 5»^ni^:^-^2>^i^.^ -y-m]> > ^:;*^ w:xy> yibraru of tlje gluseum OF COMPARATIYE ZOOLOGY, AT HARVARD COLLEGE. CAMBRIDGE. MASS. jFountiett prfbate subscrfptfon,hs fn 1861. e-^The gift of e? Jrr^^XvtciXsL/2a£OC No. ^1^9 BULLETIN ESSEX INSTITUTE, VOLUIME VIII. 1876. SALEM, MASS. PRINTED AT THE SALEM PEESS, 1877. CONTENTS. Page Regular Meeting, Monday, January 13, 1876 S. Oliver, On the Instinct and Intelligence of Animals, 1.C. Eegular Meeting, Monday, January 17, 1876, John Robinson, On Salix discolor, i.— M. White, On Pottery, 4.—G. John J. Hutchinson, Communication in relation to Abby Dit-W. more's wiU, 4. Special Meeting, Monday, January 31, 1876, E. S. Atwood, On the Manufacture of Silver Plated Ware, 5. Eegular Meeting, Mondayf February 7, 1876, Benjamin, On the Theory and Practice Art, 9.S. G. W. of 13Eegular Meeting, Monday, February 21, 1876, "New Draft of the By-laws Chamberlain, On theA read, 13.—N. H. Way of Making Ora.tors," 19. 21Eegular Meeting, Monday, March 6, 1876, .... Boston theW. P. Upham, On Incidents during the Occupancy of by British Troops in 1775-G, 21. 23Wednesday, March 8, 1876, A. H. Johnson's 1st Lecture on the Relation of Mind to the Nervous System, 23. 24Wednesday, March 15, 1876, A. H. NervousJohnson's 2nd Lecture on the Relation of Mind to the System, 24. Eegular Meeting, Monday, March 1876, .... 2620, John Robinson, On Ferns, 26. Wednesday, March 22, 1876, 27 A. H." />

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OF
COMPARATIYE ZOOLOGY,
AT HARVARD COLLEGE. CAMBRIDGE. MASS.
jFountiett prfbate subscrfptfon,hs fn 1861.
e-^The gift of e? Jrr^^XvtciXsL/2a£OC
No. ^1^9BULLETIN
ESSEX INSTITUTE,
VOLUIME VIII.
1876.
SALEM, MASS.
PRINTED AT THE SALEM PEESS,
1877.CONTENTS.
Page
Regular Meeting, Monday, January 13, 1876
S. Oliver, On the Instinct and Intelligence of Animals, 1.C.
Eegular Meeting, Monday, January 17, 1876,
John Robinson, On Salix discolor, i.— M. White, On Pottery, 4.—G.
John J. Hutchinson, Communication in relation to Abby Dit-W.
more's wiU, 4.
Special Meeting, Monday, January 31, 1876,
E. S. Atwood, On the Manufacture of Silver Plated Ware, 5.
Eegular Meeting, Mondayf February 7, 1876,
Benjamin, On the Theory and Practice Art, 9.S. G. W. of
13Eegular Meeting, Monday, February 21, 1876,
"New Draft of the By-laws Chamberlain, On theA read, 13.—N. H.
Way of Making Ora.tors," 19.
21Eegular Meeting, Monday, March 6, 1876, ....
Boston theW. P. Upham, On Incidents during the Occupancy of by
British Troops in 1775-G, 21.
23Wednesday, March 8, 1876,
A. H. Johnson's 1st Lecture on the Relation of Mind to the Nervous
System, 23.
24Wednesday, March 15, 1876,
A. H. NervousJohnson's 2nd Lecture on the Relation of Mind to the
System, 24.
Eegular Meeting, Monday, March 1876, .... 2620,
John Robinson, On Ferns, 26.
Wednesday, March 22, 1876, 27
A. H. Johnson's 3rd Lecture of his course, 27, March 29, 1876, 30
A. H. Johnson's 4th Lecture, 30.
Eegular Meeting, Monday, April .... S317, 1876,
C. H. Higbee, On Sea-weeds, 33.
Eegular Meeting, Monday, May 1876 331,
F. W. Putnam, On the Ancient Peruvians, 34.
Annual Meeting, .... 37Monday, May 15, 1876,
Retrospect of the Members, Meetings, 46; Lectures and Conyear. 39;
certs, Art Exhibition, Library, 48; Museum, 49; Publications47; 48;
Centennial Financial, Officers elected, 52.50; 50; 61 ;
53Eegular Meeting, Monday, June 5, 1876, ....
F.W. Putnam, On Ancient Gold Images,from Graves near Bogota, 53.
(iii)IV CONTENTS.
Pago
June 1876Regular Meeting, Monday, 19, 53
JulyEegular 3, 1876, 54
Beachmont, Saturday, July 1876, . . 54Field Meeting at 22,
Ramble, 5t.—Remarks by E. S. Morse, 58; George Dixon, F. W. Put-
nam, G. A. Otis, D. M. Balch, S. C. Bancroft and otliers.
Field Meeting at Manchester, Thursday, August 10, 1876, . . 61
6fi;Ramble, CI.—Remarlss by F. W. Putnam, John Robinson, G7; E. S.
Morse, 69; James Freeman Clarlie, 70; Ricliard II. Dana, 73; Lewis
N. Tappan, 75; C. A. Bartol, 76.
Regular Meeting, Monday, October 2, 1876, 77
J. A. Allen, List of Birds collected by Mr. Charles Linden, near San-
tarem, Brazil, 78.
Regular Meeting, Monday, October 16, 1876 83 November 6, 1876, .... 83
Regular Meeting, Monday, 20, 1876, 88
December 4, 1876, 89
Nelson, On the Birds of North-eastern'flllinois, 90.E. W.
Monday, DecemberMeeting, 11, 1876, 155
Pfoundes, On Japan and the Japanese, 155.C.
Monday, DecemberRegular Meeting, 18, 1876, . . . .161 Friday, .... 161Adjourned 22, 1876,
P. Upham, On the History of Stenoarraphy, with a proposal for aW.
System of Phonetic Short-hand Writing, 161.New
83.Letters Announced, 3, 18, 37, 55, 63,
84.Additions to Library, 7, 18, 38, 56, 64,BULLETIN
ESSEX irtTSTITTJTE.
Vol. 8. Salem, Mass., January, 1876. No. 1.
Oue Dollar a Year in Advance. Ten Cents a Single Copy.
Eegular Meeting, Monday, January 1876.3,
Meeting this evening. The President in the chair.
Records read.
"The paper for the evening was on The Instinct and
Intelligence of Animals," by S. C. Oliver.
Colonel Oliver illustrated his remarks with explanatory
that spoken andanecdotes, and said written language and
significant machinery of human lifeall the had come to be
regarded as essential parts of our intelligence, and it would
be no easy matter for us to represent to ourselves the
movements of the human intellect deprived of the assist-
ance of that artificial apparatus employed by human beings
thoughtto enlarge the compass of and of knowledge. It is
to make the attemptquite necessary however to set forth
fundamental peculiarities of intelligence inthe general,
may, by this means, gain another stepthat we towards
the rational explanation of the animal mind.
The first great feature of intelligence common to the
ESSEX INST. BULLETIN. VIU (1)whole animal race, with of course difference of degree,
we may express by the term docilUy, meaning by it the
poAver of making acquisitions of every kind independent
of the native or inborn capacities. evidentlyThere is a
great inferiority in the extent and in the character of the
brute acquisitions as compared with humanity. It is
doubtful how far an ordinary quadruped can revive the
pictorial impressions of sight in the entire ofabsence tiie
original so as to go through an operation truly mental,
and live in the past, the present and the future. The
best of animals can go but a little way towards recogniz-
ing the proportions of natural objects, chiefly on account
of their utter want of all the artifices of indirect vision,
which have their perfect exemplification in the human
sciences.
It usually happens weapon or instru-that every active
ment belonging to the structure of an animal is fully pro-
vided with nei'vous communications with all the other
2)arts of the system through the common centre of ner-
vous action, and is wa}^ employmentin this put to on all
convenient occasions. Nothing more is required than
such a method of connection to insure the applicatiou of
every species of active impulse wherever it can be of any
avail. The electric organs of the torpedo are related by
massive cords of nerve to the brain of the animal, and
act in sympathy with its wishes and movements.
We are to conceive of each class of animals as pos-
number susceptibilities andsessed of a certain of active
capacities in more or less measure of energy, and also of
the power of harmonizing, combining and arranging the
one to meet the other through the medium of a central
in unequal degrees.brain, and as having this power
The varieties of the sense of hearing furnish a basis of
discrimination of the animal species. This sense is, per-