Choice in maternity care: associations with unit supply, geographic accessibility and user characteristics

Pilkington Hugo, Blondel Béatrice, Drewniak Nicolas, Zeitlin, Zeitlin Jennifer

Description

Despite national policies to promote user choice for health services in many European countries, current trends in maternity unit closures create a context in which user choice may be reduced, not expanded. Little attention has been paid to the potential impact of closures on pregnant women’s choice of maternity unit. We study here how pregnant women’s choices interact with the distance they must travel to give birth, individual socioeconomic characteristics and the supply of maternity units in France in 2003. Results Overall, about one-third of women chose their maternity units based on proximity. This proportion increased steeply as supply was constrained. Greater distances between the first and second closest maternity unit were strongly associated with increasing preferences for proximity; when these distances were ≥ 30 km, over 85% of women selected the closest unit (revealed preference) and over 70% reported that proximity was the reason for their choice (expressed preference). Women living at a short distance to the closest maternity unit appeared to be more sensitive to increases in distance between their first and second closest available maternity units. The preference for proximity, expressed and revealed, was related to demographic and social characteristics: women from households in the manual worker class chose a maternity unit based on its proximity more often and also went to the nearest unit when compared with women from professional and managerial households. These sociodemographic associations held true after adjusting for supply factors, maternal age and socioeconomic status. Conclusions Choice seems to be arbitrated in both absolute and relative terms. Taking changes in supply into consideration and how these affect choice is an important element for assessing the real impact of maternity unit closures on pregnant women’s experiences. An indicator measuring the proportion of women for whom the distance between the first and second maternity unit is greater than 30 km can provide a simple measure of choice to complement indicators of geographic accessibility in evaluations of the impact of maternity unit closures.

Sujets

• Distance

Informations

• Publié par: biomed
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 8
• Langue: English

Extrait

Pilkingtonet al. International Journal of Health Geographics2012,11:35 http://www.ijhealthgeographics.com/content/11/1/35

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS

R E S E A R C HOpen Access Choice in maternity care: associations with unit supply, geographic accessibility and user characteristics 1,2* 11 1 Hugo Pilkington, Béatrice Blondel , Nicolas Drewniakand Jennifer Zeitlin

Abstract Background:Despite national policies to promote user choice for health services in many European countries, current trends in maternity unit closures create a context in which user choice may be reduced, not expanded. Little attention has been paid to the potential impact of closures on pregnant women’s choice of maternity unit. We study here how pregnant women’s choices interact with the distance they must travel to give birth, individual socioeconomic characteristics and the supply of maternity units in France in 2003. Results:Overall, about onethird of women chose their maternity units based on proximity. This proportion increased steeply as supply was constrained. Greater distances between the first and second closest maternity unit were strongly associated with increasing preferences for proximity; when these distances were≥30 km, over 85% of women selected the closest unit (revealed preference) and over 70% reported that proximity was the reason for their choice (expressed preference). Women living at a short distance to the closest maternity unit appeared to be more sensitive to increases in distance between their first and second closest available maternity units. The preference for proximity, expressed and revealed, was related to demographic and social characteristics: women from households in the manual worker class chose a maternity unit based on its proximity more often and also went to the nearest unit when compared with women from professional and managerial households. These sociodemographic associations held true after adjusting for supply factors, maternal age and socioeconomic status. Conclusions:Choice seems to be arbitrated in both absolute and relative terms. Taking changes in supply into consideration and how these affect choice is an important element for assessing the real impact of maternity unit closures on pregnant women’s experiences. An indicator measuring the proportion of women for whom the distance between the first and second maternity unit is greater than 30 km can provide a simple measure of choice to complement indicators of geographic accessibility in evaluations of the impact of maternity unit closures. Keywords:Health services accessibility, Distance, Hospital planning, Perinatal care

Background Providing pregnant women with a choice of maternity services has recently become a policy goal in France and other European countries and is a high priority demand of user associations [1,2]. Yet current trends in maternity unit closures in Europe create a context in which user choice may be reduced, not expanded [36]. Maintaining and adequate supply of maternity services, equity in

* Correspondence: hugo.pilkington@univparis8.fr 1 INSERM, UMRS953, IFR69, Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal Health and Women’s and Children’s Health; UPMC Univ Paris6, Paris, France 2 Département de Géographie, Université Paris 8 Vincennes–Saint Denis, Paris, France

choice as well as high standards of quality of care in re mote rural areas is also a concern in other developed countries [710]. The debate on the consequences of maternity unit closures has focused primarily on the spatial accessibility of services and less attention has been paid to their potential impact on pregnant women’s choice of maternity unit. In a previous paper, we studied the impact of maternity unit closures on the accessibility of maternity services between 1998 and 2003 when 20% of France’s maternity units shut down [11]. This paper found that spatial accessibility was preserved for most women, meaning that they did not have increased travel time to get to the maternity unit where they delivered.

© 2012 Pilkington et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.