Copper and zinc stable isotope ratios as tracers of biogeochemical processes, sources and transport of Cu and Zn in soils [Elektronische Ressource] / Moritz Bigalke

Moritz

Informations

• Publié par: johannes_gutenberg-universitat_mainz
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 13
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

Copper and zinc stable isotope ratios as tracers of
biogeochemical processes, sources and transport of Cu and
Zn in soils


Dissertation
zur Erlangung des Grades
“Doktor der Naturwissenschaften”
im Promotionsfach Geographie



Am Fachbereich Chemie, Pharmazie und Geowissenschaften
der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz



Moritz Bigalke
Geboren in Gummersbach



Mainz, 2010
















Dekan:


1. Berichterstatter:

2. Berichterstatter:

3. Berichterstatter:



Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 28.04.2010
2 Leader
Contents


Contents .................................................................................................... I
List of tables.............................................................................................V
List of figures ........................................................................................ VII
List of abbreviations.............................................................................. XII
Summary..............................................................................................XIII
Zusammenfassung................................................................................XIV
Acknowledgments.................................................................................XV
A Summarizing overview ....................................................................................1
1 Introduction .....................................................................................................2
1.1 Objectives ............................................................................................5
2 Materials and methods .....................................................................................6
2.1 Adsorption experiment .........................................................................6
2.2 Study sites and sampling ......................................................................6
2.3 Sample preparation...............................................................................9
2.4 Copper and Zn isotope ratio measurements.........................................13
2.5 Calculations, statistical analysis, and speciation modeling ..................14
3 Results and discussion ...................................................................................14
3.1 Copper isotope fractionation during complexation with humic acid
(Section B) .........................................................................................14
3.2 Stable copper isotopes: a novel tool to trace copper behavior in
hydromorphic soils (Section C) ..........................................................15
3.3 Stable Cu isotope fractionation in soils during oxic weathering and
podzolation (Section D)......................................................................16
3.4 Stable Cu and Zn isotope ratios as tracers of sources and transport of Cu
and Zn in contaminated soil (Section E) .............................................16
65 66
3.5 The effects of biogeochemical processes on Cu and Zn values in
soils....................................................................................................17
3.6 Error discussion..................................................................................23
4 General conclusions.......................................................................................30
5 References .....................................................................................................32
I
dd
B Copper isotope fractionation during complexation with insolubilized humic
acid ................................................................................................................ 39
1 Abstract ........................................................................................................ 40
2 Introduction .................................................................................................. 41
3 Materials and methods .................................................................................. 42
3.1 Sorption experiments......................................................................... 42
3.2 Speciation modeling .......................................................................... 44
3.3 Copper isotope measurements ........................................................... 44
4 Results .......................................................................................................... 45
5 Discussion..................................................................................................... 49
5.1 Copper binding to humic acid............................................................ 50
5.2 Copper isotope fractionation by complexation on IHA....................... 51
6 Acknowledgments......................................................................................... 56
7 References .................................................................................................... 56
8 Supporting material Section B....................................................................... 60
8.1 Complement to materials and methods............................................... 60
8.1.1 Characterization of IHA and pH measurements............................ 60
8.1.2 Materials...................................................................................... 60
8.1.3 Additional information about Cu isotope measurements............... 60
8.1.4 Speciation modeling .................................................................... 61
8.2 Kinetics of Cu sorption to IHA .......................................................... 61
8.3 Reversibility of Cu sorption to IHA................................................... 62
8.4 Solubilisation of IHA......................................................................... 63
8.5 Estimation of specific fractionation for low affinity sites (LAS) and
high affinity sites (HAS).................................................................... 63
8.6 References supporting material.......................................................... 66
C Stable Cu isotopes: a novel tool to trace Cu behavior in hydromorphic soils
....................................................................................................................... 67
1 Abstract ........................................................................................................ 68
2 Introduction .................................................................................................. 69
3 Materials and methods .................................................................................. 74
3.1 Sampling sites and soils..................................................................... 74
II Leader
3.2 Sampling and sample preparation .......................................................76
3.3 Copper isotope measurements ............................................................80
4 Results...........................................................................................................84
5 Discussion .....................................................................................................87
5.1 Variation in Cu isotope ratios in the soil system .................................87
5.2 Copper isotope ratios in the organic layer ...........................................89
5.3 Copper isotope gradients in individual soils........................................91
5.4 Copper geochemistry and isotope fractionation in the mineral soil......93
5.5 Crystallinity of Fe oxy(hydr)oxides and Cu isotope ratios...................96
6 Conclusions ...................................................................................................97
7 Acknowledgments .........................................................................................98
8 References .....................................................................................................98
D Stable Cu isotope fractionation in soils during oxic weathering and
podzolation...................................................................................................105
1 Abstract .......................................................................................................106
2 Introduction .................................................................................................107
3 Materials and methods .................................................................................110
3.1 Study soils........................................................................................110
3.2 Sampling and sample preparation .....................................................112
3.3 Calculations and statistical evaluation ..............................................115
3.4 Copper isotope measurements ..........................................................117
4 Results.........................................................................................................120
5 Discussion ...................................................................................................123