Development and fine mapping of markers closely linked to the SCMV resistance loci Scmv1 and Scmv2 in European maize (Zea mays L.) [Elektronische Ressource] / von Christina M. Dußle

Dussle

Informations

• Publié par: universitat_hohenheim
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2003
• Nombre de lectures: 45
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

Aus dem Institut
für Pflanzenzüchtung, Saatgutforschung und Populationsgenetik
der Universität Hohenheim
Fachgebiet: Angewandte Genetik und Pflanzenzüchtung
Prof. Dr. A.E. Melchinger




DEVELOPMENT AND FINE MAPPING OF MARKERS
CLOSELY LINKED TO THE SCMV RESISTANCE LOCI SCMV1
AND SCMV2 IN EUROPEAN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)







Dissertation
zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors
der Agrarwissenschaften
der Fakultät III – Agrarwissenschaften I –
Pflanzenproduktion und Landschaftsökologie
der Universität Hohenheim





von
Diplom-Agrarbiologin
Christina M. Dußle
aus Cleebronn

2002



































Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde am 12. Juni 2002 von der Fakultät III -
Agrarwissenschaften I - (Pflanzenproduktion und Landschaftsökologie) der
Universität Hohenheim als „Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines
Doktors der Agrarwissenschaften (Dr. sc. agr.)“ angenommen.

Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 22. Juli 2002

Dekan: Prof. Dr. K. Hurle (i.V.)
Berichterstatter, 1. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. A.E. Melchinger
Mitberichterstatter, 2. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. A.J.P. Pfitzner
3. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. R. Blaich


Contents


1 General Introduction 1

2 Molecular mapping and gene action of Scm1 and Scm2, two major QTL
1contributing to SCMV resistance in maize 12

23 Clustering of QTL conferring SCMV resistance in maize 17

4 Saturation of two chromosome regions conferring resistance to SCMV
3with SSR and AFLP markers by targeted BSA 33

5 Conversion of fragments tightly linked to SCMV resistance genes Scmv1
4 and Scmv2 into simple PCR-based markers 42

6 Development of RGA-CAPS markers and genetic mapping of candidate
5genes for sugarcane mosaic virus resistance 48

7 General Discussion 57

8 Summary 68

9 Zusammenfassung 71


1Dußle CM, Melchinger AE, Kuntze L, Stork A, and Lübberstedt T (2000) Molecular
mapping and gene action of Scm1 and Scm2, two major QTL contributing to SCMV
resistance in maize. Plant Breeding 119: 299-303
2Yuan L, Dußle CM, Melchinger AE, Utz, HF, and Lübberstedt T (2003) Clustering of QTL
conferring SCMV resistance in maize. Maydica: In press
3Dußle CM, Quint M, Xu ML, Melchinger AE, and Lübberstedt T (2003) Saturation of two
chromosome regions conferring resistance to SCMV with SSR and AFLP markers by
targeted BSA. Theor Appl Genet 106: 485-493
4Dußle CM, Quint M, Xu ML, Melchinger AE, and Lübberstedt T (2002) Conversion of
AFLP fragments tightly linked to Scmv1 and Scmv2 into simple PCR-based markers. Theor
Appl Genet 105: 1190-1195
5 M Quint, Mihaljevic R, Dußle CM, Xu ML, Melchinger AE, and Lübberstedt T (2002)
Development of RGA-CAPS markers and genetic mapping of candidate genes for SCMV
resistance in maize. Theor Appl Genet 105: 355-363





ABBREVIATIONS


AFLP amplified fragment length polymorphism
ANOVA analysis of variance
BC backcross
bp base pair
BSA bulked segregant analysis
CAPS cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence
cDNA complementary DNA
CIM composite interval mapping
cM centiMorgan
CTAB Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
HPV high plains virus
indel insertion/deletion
JGMV Johnson grass mosaic virus
LOD log odds ratio 10
LRR leucine-rich repeat
M mole
MAS marker-assisted selection
MDMV maize dwarf mosaic virus
min minute
MMV maize mosaic virus
MSV maize streak virus
NBS nucleotide-binding site
PCR polymerase chain reaction
QTL quantitative trait locus (or loci depending on the context)
QTL · E QTL · environment
RAPD random amplified polymorphic DNA
RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism
RGA resistance gene analogue(s)
SCAR sequence characterized amplified region
SCMV sugarcane mosaic virus
SNP single nucleotide polymorphisms
SSR simple sequence repeat
STS sequenced tagged site
tBSA targeted bulked segregant analysis
TPIB tissue print immunoblotting
WSMV wheat streak mosaic virus


General Introduction
1. General Introduction

Resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus

Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is one of the most important virus diseases in
European maize. It can cause serious yield losses in susceptible cultivars (Fuchs et al.
1995). SCMV and the closely related maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) have been
found in some regions of Germany since the 1980s (Fuchs et al. 1984). Whereas
MDMV is a widespread viral disease in the southern U.S. Corn Belt (Louie et al. 1991),
SCMV is more prevalent than MDMV in Germany (Fuchs et al. 1996). Diagnostic
symptoms for both SCMV and MDMV include stunting (Fig. 1.1.), chlorosis (Fig. 1.2.),
reduction in plant weight, and therefore, a reduction in yield (Fuchs et al. 1995).


















Fig. 1.1. SCMV infection in European maize. The susceptible plants in the foreground
show reduction of plant height, compared to the resistant plants in the
background.


1General Introduction













Fig. 1.2. SCMV infected maize leafs with different levels of mosaic symptoms.
Infection level increases from left to right.

SCMV was formerly denoted as a strain of MDMV, MDMV-B (Shukla et al. 1989).
SCMV as well as MDMV belong together with wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV),
Johnson grass mosaic virus (JGMV) and sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) to a group of
related pathogenic potyviruses in maize (Kuntze et al. 1995). Chemical control of
SCMV is not possible because of the non-persistent mode of virus transmission by
aphids. Hence, the most efficient method to control SCMV infections is the cultivation
of resistant maize varieties.
Resistance to SCMV, MDMV and WSMV with U.S. germplasm was investigated in
a number of studies. Inbred Pa405 showed complete resistance to MDMV and SCMV
inoculation under both field and greenhouse conditions (Louie R. et al. 1991). Roane et
al. (1977) concluded that resistance to MDMV in maize inbred Oh7B is controlled by a
single dominant gene. Rosenkrantz et al. (1987) reported five genes in Pa405 causing
resistance to MDMV. Mikel et al. (1984) identified three genes in Pa405, where one
gene is essential with either of the other two for complete resistance to a mixture of
MDMV and SCMV. One to three major genes in Pa405 causing resistance to MDMV
strains A, B, D, E, and F were reported by Findley et al. (1984). Louie et al. (1991)
confirmed a single dominant gene conferring resistance to all five strains of MDMV.
2General Introduction
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis mapped a major gene,
Mdm1, near the centromere of chromosome 6 that causes resistance to MDMV in Pa405
(McMullen et al. 1989). Mdm1 is perfectly cosegregating with the nucleolus organizer
region (nor) and closely linked to the RFLP marker csu70 (0.2 cM) in maize (Simcox et
al. 1995).
Kuntze et al. (1997) screened 122 early-maturing European maize inbreds under both
greenhouse and field conditions. Three lines (D21, D32 and FAP1360A) displayed
complete resistance and four lines (D06, D09, R2306 and FAP1396A) displayed partial
resistance to SCMV and MDMV. Field trials and segregation analysis uncovered one to
three genes involved in resistance to SCMV in different crosses (Melchinger et al.
1998). Two major genes, Scmv1 on the short arm of chromosome 6 and Scmv2 near the
centromere of chromosome, were mapped by Melchinger et al. (1998). QTL analysis
confirmed the two major resistance genes (Scmv1, Scmv2) and uncovered three minor
QTL affecting SCMV resistance on chromosomes 1, 5, and 10 in cross D32 (resistant) ·
D145 (susceptible) (Xia et al. 1999). Both major resistance genes are essential for
expression of complete resistance to SCMV. Whereas Scmv1 suppresses the expression
of SCMV symptoms during all stages of infection, Scmv2 was expressed in later stages
of plant development (Xia et al. 1999). Due to the relatively small numbers of genes,
SCMV resistance is employed as a model for oligogenic inherited disease resistances. In
the present study, the gene action of Scmv1 and Scmv2 was investigated in a different
population than employed by the previous authors.

Resistance gene analogues

One strategy towards the identification of resistance genes is the application of
conserved homologous sequences within resistance genes. Genes conferring resistance
to the major classes of plant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi,