Dissection of the molecular function of the zinc finger transcription factor Sp8 during development of the murine forebrain and olfactory system [Elektronische Ressource] / von Andreas Bernd Zembrzycki

Sujets

• Biologie

Informations

• Publié par: technische_universitat_carolo-wilhelmina_zu_braunschweig
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 21
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 14 Mo

Extrait

Dissection of the molecular function of the zinc
finger transcription factor Sp8 during
development of the murine forebrain and
olfactory system
Von der Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften der
Technischen Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig
zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften
(Dr. rer. nat.)
genehmigte
D i s s e r t a t i o n
von Andreas Bernd Zembrzycki
aus Gelsenkirchen1. Referent: Prof. Dr. Hans-Henning Arnold
2. Referent: Prof. Dr. Ahmed Mansouri
Eingereicht am: 18. 04. 2007
Mündliche Prüfung (Disputation): 04. 07. 2007
Druckjahr: 2007Vorveröffentlichungen der Dissertation
Teile aus dieser Arbeit wurden mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs für
Biowissenschaften und Psychologie, vertreten durch den Mentor der Arbeit, in
folgendem Beitrag vorab veröffentlicht:
Publikation:
Zembrzycki, A., Griesel, G., Stoykova, A., & Mansouri, A. Genetic interplay between the
transcription factors Sp8 and Emx2 in the patterning of the telencephalon. Neural
Development 2007, 2:8.Diese Arbeit wurde am Max Planck Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie
! Karl-Friedrich-Bonhoeffer-Institut !
in Göttingen
in der Abteilung Molekulare Zellbiologie (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Peter Gruss),
Arbeitsgruppe Molekulare Zelldifferenzierung (Prof. Dr. Ahmed Mansouri)
durchgeführt.TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 The basic organization of the embryonic mouse forebrain........................... 2
1.1.2 Key events during embryonic development of the murine forebrain............ 3
1.2 Molecular events during murine forebrain development.............................. 8
1.2.1 Early establishment of A/P and D/V polarization of the forebrain............... 8
1.2.2 D/V patterning at the pallial-subpallial boundary........................................ 9
1.2.3 Cortical patterning along the A/P axis....................................................... 10
1.2.4 Major M/L subdivisions within the dorsal pallium.................................... 12
1.2.5 Neurogenesis in the forebrain ................................................................... 13
1.2.6 Differentiation of neuronal subtypes......................................................... 14
1.3 Sp8 and its role during murine embryogenesis.......................................... 15
1.4 Central objective of this study .................................................................. 17
2 RESULTS ............................................................................................... 18
2.1 Expression of Sp8 during genesis of the forebrain and olfactory system ... 18
2.2 Characterization of the Foxg1-Cre knock-in mouse line............................ 20
2.3 Generation and maintenance of the conditional Sp8 mutant mouse line .... 23
2.4 Phenotype of Sp8 cKO mutants ................................................................ 24
2.4.1 Morphological phenotype of cKO............................................................. 25
2.4.2 D/V patterning in cKO mutants ................................................................ 29
2.4.3 A/P patterning in cKO mutants................................................................. 36
2.4.4 The caudalization of area-specific marker genes in cKO is correlated with
functional domains ................................................................................... 38
2.4.5 cKO neuronal progenitors have normal cell cycle characteristics .............. 40
2.4.6 Sp8 controls cell death in the embryonic forebrain.................................... 43
2.4.7 Preplate development in cKO mutants ...................................................... 45
2.4.8 Timing of neurogenesis and radial migration in Sp8 conditional mutants.. 48
2.4.9 The Specification of individual cortical layer neurons is abnormal in cKO
mutants..................................................................................................... 51
2.4.10 Sp8-deficiency affects the generation of olfactory bulb neuroblasts within
the dLGE.................................................................................................. 54
2.4.11 Affected migration of neuroblasts within the RMS of cKO....................... 55
2.4.12 Progressive degeneration of the olfactory epithelium in Sp8 mutants........ 58
2.4.13 Sp8-deficient olfactory sensory neurons do not connect to the brain ......... 61
3 DISCUSSION ......................................................................................... 63
3.1 Conditional inactivation of Sp8 in the early developing forebrain ............. 63
3.1.1 Sp8 has an essential role for the formation of the telencephalic midline.... 63
3.1.2 Sp8 affects the cortical arealization along the A/P axis ............................. 66
3.1.3 Sp8 plays a critical role in the neurogenesis of the cerebral cortex ............ 69
3.1.4 Sp8 is essential for the development of the olfactory bulb......................... 71
3.1.5 Sp8 maintains the genesis of the olfactory epithelium............................... 72
3.2 Research Perspectives and outlook ........................................................... 744 SUMMARY ............................................................................................ 76
5 MATERIAL AND METHODS.............................................................. 77
5.1 Consumables ............................................................................................ 77
5.1.1 Chemicals................................................................................................. 77
5.1.2 Plastic-material and Glassware ................................................................. 77
5.1.3 Commercial Enzymes and Buffers............................................................ 77
5.1.4 PCR Primer .............................................................................................. 77
5.1.5 Solutions, buffers and media..................................................................... 78
5.2 Microscopy............................................................................................... 82
5.2.1 Light microscopy...................................................................................... 82
5.2.2 Fluorescent microscopy ............................................................................ 82
5.2.3 Confocal microscopy................................................................................ 82
5.3 Animals and housing ................................................................................ 82
5.3.1 Mating strategies ...................................................................................... 83
5.3.2 Genotyping of transgenic and knockout mice............................................ 83
5.4 Histology.................................................................................................. 84
5.4.1 Sample collection and processing ............................................................. 84
5.4.2 Cryo sectioning......................................................................................... 85
5.4.3 Paraffin sectioning.................................................................................... 85
5.4.4 Vibratome sectioning................................................................................ 86
5.4.5 Cresyl violet nissl staining (Histological nuclear staining) ........................ 86
5.5 In situ hybridization.................................................................................. 87
5.5.1 mRNA antisense probes............................................................................ 87
5.5.1.1 Synthesis of Digoxygenin-UTP-labeled mRNA probes............................. 87
355.5.1.2 Synthesis of ["] S-UTP-labeled mRNA probes ....................................... 88
5.5.2 Whole mount ISH..................................................................................... 90
5.5.2.1 Pretreatment ............................................................................................. 90
5.5.2.2 Post hybridization washes......................................................................... 90
5.5.2.3 Post antibody washes and histochemistry.................................................. 91
5.5.3 ISH on cryo sections (cold in situs)........................................................... 91
5.5.3.1 Pretreatment and hybridization ................................................................. 91
5.5.3.2 Post hybridization washes and antibody incubation................................... 92
5.5.3.3 Post antibody washes and histochemical staining...................................... 92
5.5.4 Radioactive ISH (hot in situs) ................................................................... 93
5.5.4.1 ................................................................. 93
5.5.4.2 Post hybridization washes......................................................................... 93
5.5.4.3 Dipping .................................................................................................... 94
5.5.4.4 Developing of the slides ........................................................................... 94
5.6 Immunohistochemistry ............................................................................. 95
5.7 ß-Galactosidase staining, using X-Gal substrate........