Effectiveness and selectivity of direct job creation for welfare recipients [Elektronische Ressource] : evidence from Germany / vorgelegt von: Katrin Hohmeyer

Hohmeyerk

Informations

• Publié par: friedrich-alexander-universitat_erlangen-nurnberg
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 8
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Effectiveness and selectivity of direct job creation
for welfare recipients: Evidence from Germany


Inaugural-Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors
der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften (Dr. rer. pol.)
der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg







vorgelegt von: Dipl. Volksw. Katrin Hohmeyer
aus: Köln


















Erstgutachterin: Prof. Regina T. Riphahn, Ph.D.
Zweitgutachter: PD Dr. Joachim Wolff
Letzte Prüfung: 7. Juli 2010
II
Contents
List of Figures ........................................................................................................................... V
List of Tables ............................ VI
List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. VIII
1 Introduction ........................ 1
1.1 Welfare reforms and the shift towards activation ...................................................... 2
1.2 Incentive effects of basic income support and workfare ............ 3
1.3 Basic income support and direct job creation in Germany ........................................ 5
1.4 Organisation of this dissertation ................................................. 7
2 Who is targeted by One-Euro-Jobs? A selectivity analysis ............................................. 11
2.1 Introduction .............................................................................. 11
2.2 Institutional framework ............................................................................................ 13
2.3 Selectivity of direct job creation and workfare programmes ................................... 16
2.4 Theoretical background ............................................................................................ 18
2.5 Data and methodology ............................. 23
2.5.1 Data .................................................................................................................. 23
2.5.2 Methodology .................................................................................................... 25
2.6 Results ...................................................................................................................... 27
2.6.1 Target groups .................................................................................................... 28
2.6.2 Gender and family background aspects ........................... 31
2.6.3 Decomposition of participation probability differences between East and West
German women ................................................................................................................ 33
2.7 Summary and conclusion ......................... 35
2.8 Tables ....................................................................................................................... 38
I
3 A fistful of Euros: Is the German One-Euro-Job workfare scheme effective for
participants? ............................................................................................................................. 49
3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 49
3.2 The welfare reform and the need for research on One-Euro-Jobs ........................... 50
3.3 Theoretical background ............................................................................................ 54
3.4 Methods, data and implementation .......................................................................... 55
3.4.1 Methods ............................................ 55
3.4.2 Data and implementation ................................................................................. 60
3.5 Results ...................................................... 62
3.5.1 Overlap, match quality, sensitivity analysis ..................................................... 62
3.5.2 Overall effects .................................................................. 63
3.5.3 Effects for specific participant groups ............................................................. 64
3.6 Summary and conclusions ........................................................ 66
3.7 Tables and Figures ................................................................... 70
4 Effectiveness of One-Euro-Jobs: Do programme characteristics matter? ....................... 81
4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 81
4.2 Institutional framework ............................................................................................ 83
4.3 Theoretical framework: The job search model ........................ 85
4.3.1 Effects of participation in One-Euro-Jobs in general ....................................... 86
4.3.2 Effects of programme duration and working hours ......... 87
4.4 Previous findings ...................................................................................................... 89
4.4.1 Effects of direct job creation programmes ....................................................... 89
4.4.2 Effects of length of participation ...................................................................... 89
4.5 Evaluation approach and method ............. 91
4.6 Data and implementation ......................................................................................... 94
II
4.7 Results ...................................................................................................................... 96
4.7.1 Programme selectivity 96
4.7.2 Matching quality .............................................................................................. 98
4.7.3 Overall effects of participation ....................................... 100
4.7.4 Effects by planned duration ............................................ 102
4.7.5 Effects by working hours ............................................... 103
4.8 Summary and conclusion ....................................................... 105
4.9 Tables and Figures ................................................................. 108
5 Direct job creation in Germany revisited: Is it effective for welfare recipients and does it
matter whether participants receive a wage? .......................................................................... 123
5.1 Introduction ............................................ 123
5.2 Institutional framework .......................................................................................... 125
5.3 Theoretical considerations ...................... 129
5.4 Previous findings on direct job creation ................................................................. 132
5.4.1 German evidence ............................................................ 132
5.4.2 International evidence .................................................... 135
5.5 Evaluation approach and econometric method ...................... 135
5.6 Data and implementation ....................................................................................... 139
5.6.1 The administrative data and their advantages for propensity score matching
estimation ....................................................................................................................... 139
5.6.2 The sample and selected descriptive statistics ............... 140
5.7 Results .................................................................................................................... 143
5.7.1 Selectivity of the three programmes ............................... 143
5.7.2 Choice of the matching algorithm, match quality and overlap ...................... 144
5.7.3 Effects of participation on employment prospects and annual earnings ........ 146
III
5.7.4 Effects of participation on welfare receipt ..................................................... 149
5.7.5 Robustness of results ...................................................... 150
5.8 Summary and conclusion ....................................................... 151
5.9 Tables and Figures ................................................................. 154
6 Summary and conclusive remarks .................................................................................. 167
6.1 Summary of the main findings ............... 167
6.2 Conclusive remarks ................................................................................................ 169
6.2.1 Issues for future research: Do One-Euro-Jobs support a sustainable welfare
state? ........................................................................................................................ 169
6.2.2 The effectiveness of direct job creation and policy implications ................... 172
References .............................................................................................................................. 174

IV
List of Figures
Figure 3-1: Distribution of the propensity score – East Germany ........................................... 79
Figure 3-2: Distribution of the propensity score – West Germany .......... 80
Figure 3-3: ATT of One-Euro-Jobs (in percentage points) with 95%-confidence b