Endothelium-derived markers and antioxidant status in the blood of obstructive sleep apnea males

Cofta S, Wysocka E, Michalak S, Piorunek T, Batura-Gabryel H, Torlinski, Torlinski L

Description

Objective The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease is intensively discussed. Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (E-selectin) is one of factors facilitating leukocyte migration to the subendothelial layer which could be considered proatherogenic. The aim of the study was to determine E-selectin levels and total plasma antioxidant status (TAS) in the blood of different stage OSA patients. Methods Non-smoking, OSA-suspected males, aged 30-63, were selected for the study. An EMBLA polysomnographic system was used to establish the severity of apneic episodes. The results of apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) allowed dividing patients into the following groups: OSA-0 with AHI 0-4.9 (n = 14), OSA-1 with AHI 5-15 (n = 14), OSA-2 with AHI 16-30 (n = 13), OSA-3 with AHI ≥ 30 (n = 13). Complete blood count (CBC), glycemia during oral glucose tolerance test, fasting plasma lipid profile, uric acid, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were estimated among routine parameters. We determined plasma concentrations of E-selectin and total antioxidant status. Results We found progressively decreasing concentrations of TAS (P = 0.03) and increased concentrations of E-selectin (P = 0.0001) from OSA-0 to OSA-3 subjects. No correlation between E-selectin and metabolic parameters was noted. Conclusion In the studied OSA groups, E-selectin appeared an independent proatherogenic factor.

Sujets

• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Endothélium
• E-selectin

Informations

• Publié par: biomed
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 12
• Langue: English

Extrait

1 23 Department ofRespiratory Medicine,Department ofClinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, andDepartment of Neurochemistry and Neuropathology, University ofMedical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

Key words:obstructive sleep apnea, total antioxidant status, endothelium, E-selectin

I NTRODUCTION

Abstract Objective:The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease is intensively discussed. Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (E-selectin) is one offactors facilitating leukocyte mi- gration to the subendothelial layer which could be considered proatherogenic. The aim ofthe study was to determine E-selectin levels and total plasma antioxi- dant status (TAS) in the blood ofdifferent stage OSA patients. Methods:Non-smoking, OSA-suspected males, aged 30-63, were selected for the study. An EMBLA polysomnographic system was used to establish the severity ofapneic episodes. The results ofap- nea/hypopnea index (AHI) allowed dividing patients into the following groups: OSA-0 with AHI 0-4.9 (n=14), OSA-1 with AHI 5-15 (n=14), OSA-2 with AHI 16-30 (n=13), OSA-3 with AHI ≥30 (n=13). Complete blood count (CBC), glycemia during oral glucose tolerance test, fasting plasma lipid profile, uric acid, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were estimated among routine parameters. We deter- mined plasma concentrations ofE-selectin and total antioxidant status. Results:We found progressively decreasing concentra- tions ofTAS (P=0.03) and increased concentrations of E-selectin(P=0.0001) from OSA-0 to OSA-3 sub- jects. No correlation between E-selectin and metabolic parameters was noted. Conclusion:In the studied OSA groups, E-selectin ap- peared an independent proatherogenic factor.

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Eur J Med Res (2009) 14(Suppl. IV): 49-52

The study protocol was approved by the Bioethics Committee ofthe University ofMedical Sciences in Poznan, Poland. Informed consent to the procedures was obtained from the patients participating in the study. Non-smoking male Caucasians, aged 30-63, sus- pected ofOSAS, without any other acute or severe chronic disease, using no special diet or supplementa- tion, were selected for the study from September 2008 to April 2009. After complete physical examina- tion, they were subjected to polysomnographic and biochemical procedures. The exclusion criterion was newly diagnosed type II diabetes on the basis ofan oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Complete blood count (CBC), differential white blood cell (WBC) count, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were also measured. The study group was divided ac- cording the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) into four groups as follows: OSA-0 with AHI 0-4.9 (n=14), OSA-1 with AHI 5-15 (n=14), OSA-2 with AHI 16- 30 (n=13), OSA-3 with AHI ≥31 (n=13).

The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syn- drome (OSA) and cardiovascular risk factors is under debate. OSA is associated with increased cardiovascu- lar and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality [1-6]. Endothelial cells are thought to play an important role due to multifactor definition ofatherosclerosis. These cells are related to intravascular environment and can react to metabolic and physical factors in the blood [7]. Leukocyte migration to the subendothelial layer is one ofthe earliest stages in the development ofan atherosclerotic plaque, which consists ofcell rolling

1 23 11 2 S. Cofta , E. Wysocka , S. Michalak , T. Piorunek , H. Batura-Gabryel , L. Torlinski

on the endothelium, activation, adherence and dia- pedesis [8]. Specific adhesive molecules are involved in these processes: selectins, immunoglobulins, and inte- grins [9]. Normal function ofthe endothelium is char- acterized by nitric oxide (NO)-induced decreasing per- meability for monocytes and granulocytes and a de- creasing quantity ofadhesive molecules on the en- dothelial surface [10]. Adhesive proteins contribute to platelet and leuko- cyte adhesion to the endothelium. L-selectin, present on the leukocyte surface, P-selectin, from platelet granules, and E-selectin, specific for endothelium, are considered to facilitate rolling and activation of leukocytes [11]. Endothelium dysfunction may be provoked by oxidative-antioxidant disturbances, e.g., by hyperglycemia or hypoxia [12, 13]. The course of oxidative stress depends, in a large measure, on the antioxidant state. The aim ofthe present study was to determine the level ofthe endothelial leukocyte adhe- sion molecule, E-selectin, and the total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma ofdifferent stage OSA pa- tients.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH

E NDOTHELIUM - DERIVED M ARKERS AND A NTIOXIDANT S TATUS IN THE B LOOD OF O BSTRUCTIVE S LEEP A PNEA M ALES

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