Fertility of immigrants and their descendants in West Germany [Elektronische Ressource] : an event-history approach / vorgelegt von Nadja Milewski

Milewski_N

Sujets

• Soziologie

Informations

• Publié par: universitat_rostock
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 23
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Fertility of Immigrants and Their Descendants
in West Germany — An Event-history Approach
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
doctor rerum politicarum (Dr. rer. pol.)
der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
der Universität Rostock
vorgelegt von
Nadja Milewski, geb. am 11. Juni 1972 in Mittweida,
aus Paris
Rostock, am 6. Juni 2008
urn:nbn:de:gbv:28-diss2009-0014-3Gutachter:
Prof. em. Dr. Jan M. Hoem, Max-Planck-Institut für demografische Forschung Rostock,
Universität Rostock
PD Dr. Hill Kulu, University of Liverpool
JP Dr. Michaela Kreyenfeld, Universität Rostock
Verteidigung: am 17. Dezember 2008 an der Universität Rostock
1To my father, Manfred Milewski, a migrant himself
Acknowledgement
I am very much indebted to the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research,
Rostock. This doctoral project has been conducted within the Laboratory of
Contemporary European Fertility and Family Dynamics under the great supervision of
Prof. Jan M. Hoem. I appreciate the constructive and friendly working environment, the
assistance I received from the members of the Research Support as well as I benefited
from discussion with the participants of several courses at the International Max Planck
Research School for Demography. In particular, I thank Dr. Hill Kulu for excellent
mentoring.
I am also grateful to my colleagues at the Institut national d’études démographiques,
Paris, who ensured that I could finish the work on my thesis although I had already
started working in a new project there.
Moreover, I thank Miriam Hils-Cosgrove for valuable language editing of the paper. —
Being a doctoral student has been a great and learning-intensive phase in my life,
though certainly not one of the easiest. I am thankful to many persons who shared the
happy moments with me and offered advice and encouragement in times of difficulties.
My special thanks to: Gisela Milewski, my mother; David Alich, Renee Flibotte-
Lüskow, Esther Geisler, Anna Grotebrune, Petra Hörmann, Veronica M. Kaplan,
Sylvia Keim, Ana Raquel Monteiro Matias, Monika Mynarska, Dr. Rainer Walke,
Peter Wilhelm, and Dr. Cordula Zabel.
2. Content
Content
List of tables..................................................................................................................5
List of figures ................................................................................................................8
1 Introduction.............................................................................................................9
1.1 Germany’s immigration history after 1945.....................................................11
1.1.1 Expellees (Vertriebene) and in-migrating ethnic Germans (Aussiedler) .......12
1.1.2 ‘Guest workers’ (Gastarbeiter) in West Germany.........................................14
1.1.3 Foreign workers (Vertragsarbeiter) in the former GDR ...............................17
1.1.4 Refugees and asylum seekers.........................................................................19
1.1.5 Summary: Immigrants and their descendants in Germany ............................20
1.2 Introduction to fertility of immigrants in Germany ........................................24
1.3 Research questions and structure of the thesis................................................28
2 Theory and Empirical Findings in Previous Investigations................................32
2.1 Migration and fertility.....................................................................................32
2.1.1 Disruption.......................................................................................................34
2.1.2 Interrelation of events ....................................................................................36
2.1.3 Adaptation......................................................................................................37
2.1.4 Socialization...................................................................................................42
2.1.5 Selection and characteristics ..........................................................................45
2.1.6 Legitimacy49
2.1.7 Minority groups..............................................................................................50
2.1.8 Socio-demographic characteristics and economic arguments........................51
2.1.9 Independence-effect: Sub-culture and minority status...................................52
2.1.10 Synthesis: Theories ......................................................................................57
2.2 Family-formation context in the countries of origin.......................................61
2.2.1 Italy and Spain................................................................................................62
2.2.2 Turkey ............................................................................................................64
2.2.3 Former Yugoslavia.........................................................................................68
2.3.4 Greece70
2.3.5 Intermediate conclusion .................................................................................71
2.3 Socio-demographic characteristics of ‘guest workers’ and their
descendants in Germany72
2.3.1 Legal status.....................................................................................................72
2.3.2 Education........................................................................................................74
2.3.3 Occupation .....................................................................................................76
2.3.4 Religious affiliation........................................................................................80
2.3.5 Social interaction and marriage behavior.......................................................81
2.4 Research summary: Fertility of ‘guest workers’ in Germany.........................84
2.4.1 Period, age, and time effects ..........................................................................85
2.4.2 Individual factors influencing fertility ...........................................................88
2.4.3 Contextual and cultural factors ......................................................................91
2.4.4 Reflections in the light of theory....................................................................94
2.5 Research approach and working hypotheses...................................................99
2.5.1 The life-course approach................................................................................99
2.5.2 Hypotheses, Part 1 — entry into motherhood..............................................102
2.5.3 Hyes, Part II — transitions to a second and a third child ..................107
3. Content
3 Empirical Analysis ..............................................................................................110
3.1 Data, method, and explanatory variables ......................................................110
3.1.1 Data ..............................................................................................................110
3.1.2 Method .........................................................................................................114
3.1.3 Explanatory variables...................................................................................116
3.2 Introductory description of the sample .........................................................128
3.2.1 Marriage .......................................................................................................128
3.2.2 Completed family size .................................................................................130
3.3 Results: Transition to a first child .................................................................135
3.3.1 Kaplan-Meier survival estimates..................................................................135
3.3.2 Immigrant generation and baseline intensity (age of the woman) ...............139
3.3.3 Stay duration of first-generation immigrants ...............................................140
3.3.4 Marriage duration.........................................................................................143
3.3.5 Women’s characteristics ..............................................................................143
3.3.6 Partner’s characteristics ...............................................................................146
3.3.7 Immigration background148
3.3.8 Further covariates150
3.3.9 Intermediate conclusion150
3.4 Results: Transition to a second child ............................................................152
3.4.1 Kaplan-Meier survival estimates..................................................................152
3.4.2 Immigrant generation and baseline intensity (age of the first child) ...........155
3.4.3 Stay duration of first-generation immigrants ...............................................156
3.4.4 Women’s characteristics ..............................................