Geochronology, geochemistry and isotopic compositions of the volcanic rocks from oceanic (Hawaii) and continental (Eifel) intra-plate environments [Elektronische Ressource] / Zuzana Fekiacova

Informations

• Publié par: johannes_gutenberg-universitat_mainz
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2005
• Nombre de lectures: 11
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

Extrait

Geochronology, geochemistry and isotopic compositions of the volcanic
rocks from oceanic (Hawaii) and continental (Eifel) intra-plate
environments
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des Grades
„Doktor der Naturwissenschaften“
Am Fachbereich Geowissenschaften
Der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität in Mainz
Zuzana Fekiacova
geb. am 19. 8. 1977 in Slowakei
Mainz, 2004All views and results presented in this thesis are those of the author, unless stated
otherwise.
Ich versichere, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbständig und nur unter Verwendung der
angegebenen Quellen und Hilfsmittel verfasst habe.
Mainz, den 17. December 2004
Tag der mündlichen Prüfung:14. 02. 2005To my family and to SylvainAcknowledgments
Three years for a Ph.D. appeared to me as a long period when I was at the beginning. As the first
questions started to be answered, new ones, more complicated arose and the time went faster and
faster. Suddenly, I found my self at the end of these three years. I had nice and fun times in Mainz,
but I didn’t avoid the difficult ones, when I was full of questions and doubts. But during all the time I
had people around me with whom I shared the happy moments and who supported me when the
times were hard. Today, I would like to say THANK YOU to all of these people.
First of all, I would like to thank my parents and family. Although they are very far from Mainz, they
always supported me and gave me the courage and strength to never give up.
I want to thank my advisors and collaborators: for the opportunity to work on the interesting
projects, for the scientific background and financial support, for the enthusiasm, moral support and
motivation.
I would like to thank the people in Berkeley who introduced me into the world of Ar-dating, Seb, Kim
and Roland who made my journeys at Berkeley nice and interesting. I’d like to thank my colleagues
who contributed to work in a nice atmosphere, thanks to Osama and Ismail who shared my office for
three years.
Next, because these last three years were not only about work, it was very nice to have great friends
around me. Thank you François, Christoph, Marie, Aurelie, Simone, who were always ready for
celebrating whatever was the occasion. Thank you climbers: Karsten, Tim, Celine, Andy, and
Antoine, it is always challenging to climb with you and it helps keeping the body and mind in a good
health.
I met many nice people and I cannot put all the names in this short paragraph, but I think about
everybody who influenced my stay here, in Mainz.
And the most important person, who gave me his love and understanding, who motivated me and
was always close to me: Thank You Sylvain!Contents
Acknowledgments
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1 – Intra-plate volcanism 1
1.1 – Continental intra-plate volcanism 3
1.1.1 – Type of intra-plate volcanism 3
1.1.2 – Passive rifting 4
1.1.3 – Active rifting 6
1.2 – Oceanic intra-plate volcanism 9
1.1.2 – Ocean Island Basalts (OIB) 9
2 – Aims of this Ph.D. thesis 16
2.1 – Geodynamic setting of the Tertiary Hocheifel volcanism 16
2.2 – Ko’olau volcano, Oahu, Hawaii 18
3 – Contribution to this thesis 21
References 22
Chapter 2 – Geodynamic setting of the Tertiary Hocheifel volcanism
40 39(Germany), Part I: Ar/ Ar dating 1
Abstract 2
1 - Introduction 3
2 – Geological setting and sampling 3
3 – Sample preparation and analytical method 5
4 – Results 6
5 – Discussion 8
5.1 – Comparison with conventional K-Ar ages 8
5.2 – Hocheifel age distribution and relation to tectonics 10
5.3 – Relation to Upper Rhine Graben Taphrogenesis 11
5.4 – Relation to neighbouring Tertiary volcanism 126 – Conclusions 13
7 – Acknowledgments 15
References 16
Figure captions 18
Appendix: figures and tables 19
Chapter 3 – Geodynamic settings of the Tertiary Hocheifel volcanism
(Germany), Part II: Geochemistry and Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic
compositions 1
Abstract 2
1 - Introduction 4
2 – Geologic setting 5
3 - Methods 7
3.1 - Samples 7
3.2 – Analytical methods 7
4 - Results 9
4.1 –Major and trace elements 9
4.2 – Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compostions 12
5 - Discussion 14
5.1 – Major and trace elements 14
5.1.1 – Crustal contamination 14
5.1.2 – Mantle source of the Hocheifel magmas 16
5.2 – Isotopic compositions 17
5.2.1 – Source(s) of the Hocheifel magmas – deep mantle involvement? 18
5.2.2 – Mantle plume component in the Hocheifel magmas? 20
5.3 – Comparison with other CEVP occurrences 23
6 - Conclusion 26
Acknowledgments 27
References 28
Figure captions 32
Appendix: figures and tables 35Chapter 4 – The Ko’olau Scientific Drilling Project: Lead isotope
evolution of Ko’olau volcano