International narcotics control : hearing before the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session, October 31, 1995

United States. Congress. House. Committee On International Relations

Sujets

• Narcotic
• United States
• Internationalism

Informations

• Publié par: les_archives_du_savoir
• Nombre de lectures: 24
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

Extrait

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BEFORE THE
COMMITTEE ON
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ONE HUNDRED FOURTH CONGRESS
FIRST SESSION
OCTOBER 31, 1995
Printed for the use of the Committee on International Relations
May 2 3
ess
U.S. GOVERhfMENT PRINTING OFFICE
23-468CC WASHINGTON : 1996
For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office
Superintendent ofDocuments, Congressional Sales Office, Washington,DC 20402
0-16-052506-3ISBN
-23-468 96 - 1INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL
Y 4. IN 8/16: N 16/4 v-,>,.
International Narcotics Control/ 10...
BEFORE THE
COMMITTEE ON
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ONE HUNDRED FOURTH CONGRESS
FIRST SESSION
OCTOBER 31, 1995
International RelationsPrinted for the use of the Committee on
-^i if
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
23-468 CC WASHINGTON : 1996
For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office
Superintendent ofDocuments, Congressional Sales Office, Washington,DC 20402
ISBN 0-16-052506-3
-23-468 -96 1COMMITTEE ON DSTTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
BENJAMIN A. OILMAN, New York, Chairman
WILLIAM F. GOODLING, Pennsylvania LEE H. HAMILTON, Indiana
JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa SAM GEJDENSON, Connecticut
TOBY ROTH, Wisconsin TOM LANTOS, California
HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois ROBERT G. TORRICELLI, New Jersey
DOUG BEREUTER, Nd3raska HOWARD L. BERMAN, California
CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York
DAN BURTON, Indiana HARRY JOHNSTON, Florida
JAN MEYERS, Kansas ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York
ELTON GALLEGLY, California ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American
ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida Samoa
CASS BALLENGER, North Carolina MATTHEW G. MARTINEZ, California
DANA ROHRABACHER, California DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jereey
DONALD A. MANZULLO, Illinois ROBERT E. ANDREWS, New Jersey
EDWARD R. ROYCE, California MENENDEZ, New
PETER T. KING, New York SHERROD BROWN, Ohio
JAY KIM, California CYNTHIA A. McKINNEY, Georgia
SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas ALCEE L. HASTINGS. Florida
DAVID FUNDERBURK, North Carolina ALBERT RUSSELL WYNN, Maryland
STEVEN J. CHABOT, Ohio MICHAEL R. McNULTY, New York
MARSHALL "MARK" SANFORD, South JAMES P. MORAN, Virginia
Carolina VICTOR O. FRAZER, Virgin Islands (Ind.)
MATT SALMON, Arizona
AMO HOUGHTON, New York
Richard J. Garon, ChiefofStaff
Michael H. Van DUSEN, Democratic Chief of Staff
John P. Mackey, Investigative Counsel
Veronica A. Craig, StaffAssociate
<II)CONTENTS
WITNESSES
Page
Dr. Lee P. Brown, director, Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive
Office ofthe President 9
The Honorable Thomas Constantine, administrator. Drug Enforcement Ad-
ministration 29
The Robert Gelbard, Assistant Secretary for International Narcot-
ics smd Law Enforcement, Department ofState 35
Mr. George Weise, Commissioner of Customs, U.S. Customs Service, Depart-
ment ofthe Treasury 38
APPENDDC
Prepared statements:
The Honorable Benjamin A. Oilman, Chairman 51
The Donald M. Payne, Member ofCongress 53
Dr. Lee P. Brown 56
The Honorable Thomas Constantine 67
The Robert Gelbard 74
Mr. George Weise 86
Prepared materials:
Article entitled "Fighting Colombia's Drug War", Rotor & Wing, Septem-
ber 1995 99
The White House, Office of the Press Secretary fact sheets entitled:
The President's Speech at the United Nations 50th Anniversary 103
U.S. Initiatives Against International Organized Crime 104
U.S. Funding of the U.N. (and other lO's) 107
The White House, Office of the Press Secretary summary sheet entitled
"Presidential Directive on Organized Crime" 109
The White House, Office of the Press Executive Order entitled
"Blocking Assets and Prohibiting Transactions with Significant Narcot-
ics Traffickers 112
Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control, list of
specially designated narcotics traffickers 115
Charts submitted by the Office ofNational Drug Control Policy 118
Responses to questions submitted to Dr. Lee P. Brown by Chairman
Gilman 122 to to Mr. Robert Gelbard by
Gilman 123
Responses to questions submitted to Mr. Robert Gelbard by Representa-
tive Burton 128 to to Mr. Robert Gelbard by
tive Deana Ros-Lehtinen 138
Responses to questions submitted to Mr. Robert Gelbard by Representa-
tive Lee Hamilton 161 to to Mr. George Weise by Chairman
Gilman 253
[Responses to auestions submitted to Mr. Thomas Constantine were not
yet respondea to at time of printing]
Chart submitted Brown downfallby Dr. Lee P. showing the of the Cali
kingpins 258
(III)INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 199631,
House of Representatives,
Committee on International Relations,
Washington, DC.
The committee met, pursuant to call, at 10:10 a.m., in room
2172, Raybum House Office Building, Hon. Benjamin A. Oilman
(chairman ofthe committee) presiding.
Chairman Oilman, The committee will come to order. We regret
the delav due to a White House briefing this morning.
Todays hearing is on the international struggle against drugs,
and our Subcommittee on Asia, Western Hemisphere, and Afinca,
at my request, have held prior hearings on regional issues regard-
ing certification of the major drug-producing or transit nations. I
am extremely grateful theto suDcommittee chairmen and their
members who helped with these important regional proceedings.
Today we will be examining the broader picture of our overall
international strategy in preventing drugs from reaching our
shores. For once here, the effect, we know, is on our inner cities
and schools and add billions of dollars to our societal fromcosts
crime, incarceration, health care, lost worker productivity, absen-
teeism.
Vice President Grore recently put the annual costs to the United
States associated with illicit drug use at a very conservative $67
billion figure. Several years ago at a White House conference with
CEO's, it was estimated to be several hundred billions of dollars of
losses, I believe the costs are much higher. Whatever the costs may
be, the destruction these drugs do to our families, to our yoimg peo-
ple, to our governmental structure, requires our best efforts to pre-
vent their spread.
Today we look forward to hearing from the director of the Office
of National Drug Control Policy, and our dedicated and coura-
geous law enforcement agencies. Together, we will examine our ef-
forts overseas in the major producing and transit zone nations.
I was outraged at recent false allegations against the DEA in Co-
lombia on the taking of innocent lives when they are fighting to
save lives. Not long ago in fact, in the mountains of Peru, five of
our courageous DEA men and women gave their own lives in this
deadly struggle. A U.S. Customs officer was also run down and
killed by drug runners along the southwest border not too long ago.
These and other daily sacrifices that our law enforcement agents
make regarding drugs are real, considerable, and take their toll.
We appreciate every one ofthem and often do not fully comprehend
the dangers they are confronted with.
(1)Illicit drugs must become major foreigna policy consideration of
our Nation, or we will continue to incur these intolerable costs. We
must re-examine our Nation's remedies and options with those na-
tions who refuse to fully cooperate with us to eliminate this deadly
flow of destructive poisons into our own Nation.
No nation can tolerate the staggering costs and maintain the sta-
ontus quo diplomatic and commercial trade fronts. In fact, if in-
cluded as part of our overall balance of trade, the costs of illicit
drugs on our society dramatically shift the true picture of our over-
all trade imbalance of the major drug-producing or transit nations.
The American people know what must be done. A recent survey
of opinion of U.S. foreign policy by the Chicago Council on Foreign
Relations indicated that 85 percent of the public believes stopping
the flow of illicit drugs to our Nation is a No. 1 issue, even ahead
of concern for protecting our U.S. jobs.
Heroin use in particular has sharply increased over the past few
years because of widespread availability, lower prices, higher pu-
rity, and other methods of consumption besides injection. We are
still awaiting the Administration's long overdue heroin strategy to
address this worsening situation, particularly from Asia.
In Latin America, the Cali cartel today faces its most serious
challenges, to the credit, and especially that of the
Colombian National Police, which has lost many of its courageous
police enforcement officers.
In Peru, due to that nation's successful air interdiction efforts,
along with developments in Cali, the price of coca leaf has fallen
considerably from $70 to $7 per 25 pounds. On the streets of our
cities, we see the reverse because of reduced production and traf-
ficking; cocaine prices may be up as much as 20 percent, making
it even more difficult for our young people to obtain this deadly poi-
son.
We must take advantage of this new situation and make sure
that the second tier of the Cali cartel is taken out and that no new
inleadership Colombia or elsewhere in the Amer