Modulation of β-adrenergic receptor structure and function by cardiopathogenic autoantibodies [Elektronische Ressource] / Beatrice Bornholz. Gutachter: Friedrich Boege ; Peter Westhoff

Beatrice Bornholz

Description

β Modulation of -adrenergic receptor structure and function by cardiopathogenic autoantibodies Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf vorgelegt von Beatrice Bornholz aus Potsdam Düsseldorf, Dezember 2010 Aus dem Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsdiagnostik der Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf Gedruckt mit der Genehmigung der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Referent: Prof. Dr. Friedrich Boege Koreferent: Uni-Prof. Dr. Peter Westhoff Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 12. April 2011 MEINER FAMILIE βββββ Contents Table of Contents SUMMARY ..............................................................................................I ZUSAMMENFASSUNG.........................................................................III 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................1 1.1 Dilated Cardiomyopathy................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Autoimmune pathogenesis of DCM................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Humoral autoimmune reactions against cardiac receptors.............................

Sujets

• Biologie

Informations

• Publié par: heinrich-heine-universitat_dusseldorf
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 32
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

Modulation of -adrenergic receptor
structure and function by
cardiopathogenic autoantibodies







Inaugural-Dissertation



zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades
der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf


vorgelegt von

Beatrice Bornholz
aus Potsdam





Düsseldorf, Dezember 2010


β

Aus dem Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsdiagnostik
der Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf
























Gedruckt mit der Genehmigung der
Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der
Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf




Referent: Prof. Dr. Friedrich Boege
Koreferent: Uni-Prof. Dr. Peter Westhoff


Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 12. April 2011










MEINER FAMILIE

Contents

Table of Contents
SUMMARY ..............................................................................................I
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG.........................................................................III
1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................1
1.1 Dilated Cardiomyopathy................................................................................. 1
1.1.1 Autoimmune pathogenesis of DCM................................................................... 2
1.1.2 Humoral autoimmune reactions against cardiac receptors............................. 3
1.2 The cardiac -adrenergic receptor............................................................... 5 1
1.2.1 Classes and functions of -adrenergic receptors ............................................ 5
1.2.2 Ligand binding and conformational activation of -ARs ................................. 6
1.2.3 -adrenergic signal transduction ...................................................................... 8
1.2.4 Desensitisation ..................................................................................................10
1.2.5 Impact of autoantibodies on receptor function ...............................................10
1.3 Aim of the study............................................................................................ 13
2. MATERIAL .......................................................................................15
2.1 Vectors and cDNAs....................................................................................... 15
2.1.1 Expression vectors............................................................................................15
2.1.2 cDNA...................................................................................................................15
2.1.3 DNA oligonucleotides........................................................................................15
2.2 Microbiology.................................................................................................. 16
2.2.1 Escherichia coli strains.....................................................................................16
2.2.2 Bacterial growth media .....................................................................................16
2.3 Cell culture .................................................................................................... 17
2.3.1 Cell line...............................................................................................................17
2.3.2 Supplements and Antibiotics............................................................................17
2.3.3 Media ..................................................................................................................18
2.4 Buffers and Stock Solutions ........................................................................ 18
2.5 Enzymes ........................................................................................................ 19
2.6 Chemicals...................................................................................................... 19
2.6.1 Agonistic or antagonistic ligands of -ARs.....................................................20

βββββ
Contents

2.7 Antibodies and Peptides .............................................................................. 21
2.7.1 Primary antibodies.............................................................................................21
2.7.2 Secondary antibodies........................................................................................22
2.7.3 Other (Blocking) Proteins..................................................................................22
2.7.4 Peptide homologs to the -AR ........................................................................22 1
2.7.5 IgG samples from DCM patients and healthy volunteers................................23
2.8 Consumed items ........................................................................................... 23
2.9 Kits ................................................................................................................. 24
2.10 Instruments ................................................................................................. 24
2.11 Computer software and statistic analysing programs............................. 26
3. METHODS........................................................................................27
3.1 Cloning........................................................................................................... 27
3.1.1 Plasmid construction ........................................................................................27
3.1.2 Overlap extension PCR .....................................................................................28
3.1.3 Standard PCR.....................................................................................................29
3.1.4 Purification of PCR products ............................................................................29
3.1.5 Gel electrophoresis and recovery of DNA from agarose gels ........................29
3.1.6 Restriction digestion .........................................................................................30
3.1.6.1 Analytical restriction digestion .......................................................................30
3.1.6.2 Preparative restriction digestion ....................................................................30
3.1.6.3 Partial restriction digestion ............................................................................30
3.1.7 Ligation...............................................................................................................30
3.1.8 Transformation and isolation of plasmid DNA ................................................31
3.1.8.1 Generation of competent E. coli cells ............................................................31
3.1.8.2 Transformation of E. coli ...............................................................................31
3.1.8.3 Plasmid preparation at a small scale (Minipreps) ..........................................31
3.1.8.4 Plasmid preparation at a large scale (Maxipreps)..........................................32
3.1.8.5 Sequencing of plasmids ................................................................................32
3.2 Cell culture .................................................................................................... 32
3.2.1 Maintenance of mammalian cells .....................................................................32
3.2.2 Freezing and thawing of cells ...........................................................................32
3.2.3 Transfection and selection of HEK293 cells ....................................................33
3.3 Protein analysis ............................................................................................ 33
3.3.1 Preparation of whole cell lysates......................................................................33
3.3.2 Preparation of AR-solubilisates......................................................................34

ββ
Contents

3.3.3 Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis .................................................................34
3.3.4 Immunoblotting..................................................................................................34
3.3.4.1 Western Blot .................................................................................................34
3.3.4.2 Immunoprecipitation......................................................................................35
3.4.1 Immunocytochemistry.......................................................................................35
3.3.4.1 Fixation of cells .............................................................................................35
3.4 Microscopy.................................................................................................... 36
3.4.1 Fluorescence microscopy.................................................................................36
3.4.2 Confoc