La lecture à portée de main
Description
Informations
Publié par | universitat_ulm |
Publié le | 01 janvier 2007 |
Nombre de lectures | 20 |
Langue | English |
Poids de l'ouvrage | 8 Mo |
Extrait
Pollinator driven radiation in sexually
deceptive orchids of the genus Ophrys
DISSERTATION
zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat.
der Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften der Universität Ulm
vorgelegt von
Johannes Stökl
aus Graz, Österreich
Ulm 2007
Titelfoto:
Pseudokopulation eines Andrena flavipes Männchens auf
einer Blüte von Ophrys bilunulata.
Mallorca 2003, © Johannes Stökl
Amtierender Dekan: Prof. Dr. Klaus‐Dieter Spindler
Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Manfred Ayasse
Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Gottsberger
Tag der Promotion: 22. Oktober 2007 Table of contents
Table of contents
Summary..................................................................................................................................1
Zusammenfassung...............................................................................................................14
1. Comparison of the flower scent of the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys iricolor
and the female sex pheromone of its pollinator Andrena morio
Abstract..................................................................................................................................18
Introduction...........................................................................................................................19
Material and Methods..........................................................................................................19
Investigated species....................................................................................................19
Sample collection........................................................................................................20
Electrophysiology.......................................................................................................20
Structure elucidation..................................................................................................21
Results....................................................................................................................................21
Discussion..............................................................................................................................22
Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................24
References.........24
2. Scent variation and hybridization cause the displacement of a sexually
deceptive orchid species on Sardinia
Abstract..................................................................................................................................26
Introduction...........................................................................................................................27
Material and Methods..........................................................................................................29
Study species...............................................................................................................29
Species determination and sample collection.........................................................30
Behavioral experiments..............................................................................................31
Chemical analyses.......................................................................................................31
Electrophysiology32
I Table of contents
Morphometric analyses..............................................................................................32
Genetic analyses..........................................................................................................32
Statistical analyses......................................................................................................33
Results....................................................................................................................................34
Pollinator attractiveness..........................................................................................34
Odor analyses............................................................................................................34
Morphometric analyses...........................................................................................39
AFLP analyses...........................................................................................................39
Discussion..............................................................................................................................42
Pollinator attractiveness and cross‐pollination....................................................42
Importance of various flower signals....................................................................43
Genetic structure of populations............................................................................44
Breakdown of reproductive isolation46
Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................47
References..............................................................................................................................47
3. Comparison of the floral odor, hybridization, and radiation of three Andrena‐
pollinated Ophrys species on Majorca
Abstract..................................................................................................................................51
Introduction...........................................................................................................................52
Material and Methods..........................................................................................................55
Sample collection........................................................................................................55
Behavioral experiments..............................................................................................55
Electrophysiology.......................................................................................................56
Chemical analyses57
Structure elucidation..................................................................................................57
Morphometric analyses58
Statistical analyses......................................................................................................58
Results....................................................................................................................................59
Flower attractiveness...............................................................................................59
Electrophysiology.....................................................................................................59
Floral odor.................................................................................................................59
II Table of contents
Flower morphology..................................................................................................62
Discussion..............................................................................................................................62
EAD‐active compounds...........................................................................................62
Species‐specific floral odor......................................................................................66
Pollinator attraction and hybridization..........................................................