Preparing students for success in blended learning environments [Elektronische Ressource] : future oriented motivation and self regulation / vorgelegt von Joel T. Schmidt

Joel T. Schmidt

Informations

• Publié par: ludwig-maximilians-universitat_munchen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 24
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Preparing Students for Success in Blended Learning Environments:
Future Oriented Motivation & Self-Regulation













Inaugural-Dissertation
zur Erlangung des Grades
Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. phil.)
an der Fakultät für Psychologie und Pädagogik
der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München


vorgelegt von
Joel T. Schmidt J. Schmidt Future Oriented Motivation and Self-Regulation

Evaluators:
stProf. Dr. Rudolf Tippelt (1 Reader)
Chair for General Education and Educational Research
ndProf. Dr. Hartmut Ditton (2 Reader)
Chair for General Education / Developmental and Socialisation Research

Date of the Oral Defence: January 15, 2007











2 J. Schmidt Future Oriented Motivation and Self-Regulation
Acknowledgements
After my daughter asked me what I was doing on the computer all the time, I explained
to her that I was writing a big story about how to help my students want to do better at
school. She thought about this for a while and then came to me again with an idea:
“Why don’t you just get a big bucket of suckers. And then every time they do
something good, they can have a sucker.” – this, from a five year old.
For increasing my motivation on this project, I extend my thanks and appreciation to
many special people…
To my wife, Dorothy whose love and encouragement, probing questions, and awesome
management skills carried me along over the complete process. To my daughters,
Magdalena and Sara who always came running with a hug, listened for a while, and
then continued with their playing, giving me the space and love I needed for my project.
To my supervisor (doctor-father – what a great way to say it) and mentor, Dr. Rudolf
Tippelt, for his constant encouragement, support, guidance and expertise. No obstacle
was insurmountable, and his patience and flexibility helped to ensure my success.
To my “family” at the University of Applied Management (myfham), especially Dr. Dr.
Christian Werner, I am grateful for his mentorship and friendship. And to all of my
colleagues, for being excellent examples of life-long learning – your support allowed
me to reach my goals.
To Dr. Ditton and Dr. Fischer, my readers and evaluators, for providing a community of
knowledge and excellence where I could share my gifts and talents. And to the extended
community of fellow students and peers, I am thankful for the exchange of ideas and
motivated exploration of knowledge, both during our colloquium and afterwards.
To my family (in Canada and Germany), thank you for your love, encouragement, and
for knowing when not to talk about my project. And thanks to Paula for being a
sounding-board of common sense and straight forward argumentation.
To my friends around the globe, thanks for motivating me through your own pursuit of
excellence in many different fields. And special thanks to the Friday night choir –
Jubilation Singers – for sharing the gift of song.
To all the students who participated in the research project – your willingness and
commitment to open reflection and exploration of your learning over two semesters
enabled me in the completion of my project.

All of you are the secrets to my success.

3 J. Schmidt Future Oriented Motivation and Self-Regulation
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................10
1.1 Statement of the Problem.....................................................................................10
1.1.1 Supporting Students in Online Learning Environments 11
1.2 State of the research on future time perspective in blended learning programs.13
1.3 Purpose................................................................................................................15
1.4 Research Questions .............................................................................................16
1.5 Structural Overview.............................................................................................16
2 Future Time Perspective (FTP)...............................................................................18
2.1 Background and History......................................................................................19
2.2 Time Perspective .................................................................................................20
2.3 Future Time Perspective......................................................................................21
2.3.1 Instrumentality 23
2.4 New Developments ..............................................................................................25
2.4.1 Social Cognitive Model for Future Orientation 27
2.5 Summary..............................................................................................................30
3 Motivational Theory...............................................................................................32
3.1 Background and History......................................................................................32
3.1.1 Motivation and Instincts 33
3.1.2 Motivation and Traits 33
3.1.3 Motivation and Volition 34
3.1.4 Motivation and Operant Conditioning 35
3.2 New Developments ..............................................................................................37
3.2.1 Competence and Motivation 37
3.2.2 Intrinsic & Extrinsic Motivation 38
3.3 Motivation – A Research Framework..................................................................44
3.3.1 Definition 44
3.3.2 Goal Orientation 48
3.3.3 Intrinisc Value & Task Value 57
3.4 Summary..............................................................................................................59
4 Self-Regulated Learning (SRL)..............................................................................60
4.1 Definition.............................................................................................................60
4.2 Background and History......................................................................................61
4 J. Schmidt Future Oriented Motivation and Self-Regulation
4.2.1 SRL & Behaviourism 61
4.2.2 SRL & Cognitivism 63
4.2.3 Learning Strategies 66
4.3 New Developments ..............................................................................................67
4.4 Summary..............................................................................................................69
5 Blended Learning....................................................................................................72
5.1 Definitions ...........................................................................................................72
5.1.1 Terminology 73
5.2 Education and Technology: A Brief Introduction ...............................................74
5.2.1 Learning Environments 76
5.2.2 New Didactics and Pedagogical Development 77
5.2.3 Instructional Design Theories and ICT environments 86
5.3 Development of Online Learning ........................................................................87
5.3.1 Nodes, Networks and Links 87
5.3.2 Online Learning – A Country Overview 90
5.4 Online Technology and Media ............................................................................92
5.5 Differences Between Online and Traditional Learning ......................................99
5.6 Current Issues in Online Learning....................................................................101
5.6.1 Expanding Definitions 101
5.6.2 Pedagogy 103
5.6.3 Participation 108
5.6.4 Access – Ethics and Tech-Specs 112
5.7 Blended Learning – Best of Both Worlds ..........................................................115
5.7.1 Definitions and Complexities 117
5.7.2 Advantages of Blended Learning 119
5.8 Summary: The Need for Learner Support .........................................................121
6 Theoretical Summary............................................................................................124
6.1 Future-Orientation – A Vehicle for Support .....................................................124
6.1.1 Fostering Motivation in Online Learning 124
6.1.2 Relationship Between FTP and Goal Orientation 127
6.1.3 Promoting Self-Regulation 128
7 Research Questions and Hypotheses ....................................................................131
7.1 Research Questions ...........................................................................................131
5 J. Schmidt Future Oriented Motivation and Self-Regulation
7.2 Hypotheses.........................................................................................................131
8 METHOD.............................................................................................................134
8.1 Research Design................................................................................................134
8.2 Population and Sample......................................................................................134
8.2.1 Description of Institutional Partner 134
8.2.