Proteome analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage in pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis

Müller-Quernheim Joachim, Landi Claudia, Bargagli Elena, Magi Barbara, Prasse Antje, Bini Luca, Rottoli, Rottoli Paola

Description

Pulmonary Langerhans-cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare interstitial lung disease characterized by clusters of Langerhans cells, organized in granulomas, in the walls of distal bronchioles. It is a diffuse lung disease related to tobacco smoking but otherwise of unknown etiopathogenesis. Methods In this study we used a proteomic approach to analyze BAL protein composition of patients with PLCH and of healthy smoker and non-smoker controls to obtain insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease, to study the effect of cigarette smoking on susceptibility to PLCH and to identify potential new biomarkers. Results Two-dimensional electrophoresis and image analysis revealed proteins that were differently expressed (quantitatively and qualitatively) in the three groups of subjects. The proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and have various functions (antioxidant, proinflammatory, antiprotease) and origins (plasma, locally produced, etc.). Many, such as protease inhibitors (human serpin B3) and antioxidant proteins (glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin) are already linked to PLCH pathogenesis, whereas other proteins have never been associated with the disease. Interestingly, numerous proteolytic fragments of plasma proteins (including kininogen-1 N fragments and haptoglobin) were also identified and suggest increased proteolytic activity in this inflammatory lung disease. Differences in protein expression were found between the three groups and confirmed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Conclusion Analysis of BAL proteomes of PLCH patients and of smoker and non-smoker controls also proved to be useful for researching the pathogenetic mechanisms and for identifying biomarkers of this rare diffuse lung disease.

Informations

• Publié par: biomed
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 10
• Langue: English

Extrait

Landi et al . Journal of Clinical Bioinformatics 2011, 1 :31 http://www.jclinbioinformatics.com/content/1/1/31

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOINFORMATICS

R E S E A R C H Open Access Proteome analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage in pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis Claudia Landi 2 , Elena Bargagli 1* , Barbara Magi 2 , Antje Prasse 3 , Joachim Muller-Quernheim 3 , Luca Bini 2 and Paola Rottoli 1

Abstract Background: Pulmonary Langerhans-cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare interstitial lung disease characterized by clusters of Langerhans cells, organized in granulomas, in the walls of distal bronchioles. It is a diffuse lung disease related to tobacco smoking but otherwise of unknown etiopathogenesis. Methods: In this study we used a proteomic approach to analyze BAL protein composition of patients with PLCH and of healthy smoker and non-smoker controls to obtain insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease, to study the effect of cigarette smoking on susceptibility to PLCH and to identify potential new biomarkers. Results: Two-dimensional electrophoresis and image analysis revealed proteins that were differently expressed (quantitatively and qualitatively) in the three groups of subjects. The proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and have various functions (antioxidant, proinflammatory, antiprotease) and origins (plasma, locally produced, etc.). Many, such as protease inhibitors (human serpin B3) and antioxidant proteins (glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin) are already linked to PLCH pathogenesis, whereas other proteins have never been associated with the disease. Interestingly, numerous proteolytic fragments of plasma proteins (including kininogen-1 N fragments and haptoglobin) were also identified and suggest increased proteolytic activity in this inflammatory lung disease. Differences in protein expression were found between the three groups and confirmed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Conclusion: Analysis of BAL proteomes of PLCH patients and of smoker and non-smoker controls also proved to be useful for researching the pathogenetic mechanisms and for identifying biomarkers of this rare diffuse lung disease.

Introduction immediate and selective recruitment of LCs into human Pulmonary Langerhans cell h istiocytosis (PLCH) is a  airways, inducing a very early reaction of the adaptive rare granulomatous disorder characterized by uncon- immune system [4-6]. Moreover, cigarette smoke pro- trolled proliferation and infiltration of CD1+ Langerhans motes survival signals and prolongs survival of dendritic cells (LCs) in the lung. It has been associated with cells [7]. Smoke-induced alterations at lung level can smoking and prevalently affects young adults [1,2]. The therefore induce changes in lung condition determining pathogenesis of PLCH is unclear. The bronchiolar distri- a typical protein profile at bronchoalveolar and plasma bution of lesions suggests that an inhaled antigen, such  level. as cigarette smoke, may be involved, since 90% of cases Proteomics is a powerful approach that enables lung are smokers [3]. The correlation between PLCH and diseases to be studied through the characterization and smoking is corroborated by recent studies demonstrat- identification of protein marker profiles that can high- ing that acute tobacco smoke inhalation determines light specific pathological st ates. A proteomic approach to the study of BAL is extremely useful for insights into * Correspondence: [e-mail] is and identification of bio er 1 Respirat l o o r g y ic D a i l se S a ci s e e n s c S e e s, cti U o n n i , ve D rs e it p y art of m S e i n e t na o , f S C i l e i n ni a c ( a I l ta M ly edicineand i p s at n h o og li e t n e e r s atureonBALproteomicfi m n a d r i k ng s s [ i 8 n ]. P T L h C e H re . Immuno Full list of author information is available at the end of the article We therefore studied BAL protein composition in © 2011 Landi et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.