Quantifying transport into the lowermost stratosphere [Elektronische Ressource] / von Anja Sabine Werner

Informations

• Publié par: goethe_universitat_frankfurt_am_main
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 27
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 17 Mo

Extrait

haften/GeographieQuanMet.tifyinginTrankfurtranspolfgangortMainInernerto(D30)theJohannLoethe-UnivwrankfurtermostonStratosphereSabineDissertationGelnhausenzurMain,ErlangungwissenscdesderDoktorgradesWderGoNaturwissenscersit?thaftenFvamorgelegtvbDipl.eimAnjaFWacaushFbamereic2006hGeohVcomUnivFDatumacUlrichProf.bUtrecereicM?rzhProf.GeoScwissenscFhaftenThomas/UnivGeographiet,derDisputation:JohannGutacWter:olfgangDr.Gohethe-Univhmidt,ersit?tersit?talsrankfurtDissertationDr.angenommen.R?Dekkmann,an:ersit?tProf.hDr.NiederlandeHeinricderh05.Thiemey2007ery
SvFerdienritzommen,GeorgMikKarlbHartmannwir*hab10.05.1922NiemiF?rGerman2006)29.06.2004ekdasWirvhabtenen.ganzaeleinfac(fromh?lh?let,dasedition,Universum2
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.Abstract.1ts1.In.tro.ductionI3.1.1alidationTheortlo2.2w.ermosthniquestratosphere....The.test.EuPLEx.alidation.the...c.......2.2.3.gas:....................3.1.2stratosphereThe.role.of.theofLMSGARin.the2.2.1climate.system....ting.GAR.in.of.........Campaigns..........4.1.3.T2.3.2ranspcampaignortENVISAin.to41the.LMS....ENVISA.C).3.Arctic.simple.....the.......elopmen.CH.for.........of..........5.1.3.12.2.2MeandopingmeridionalthecirculationtandcstratospherichanneltransptoortN......5.1.3.2.Stratosphere-trop.osphere.exc.hange36(STE)................37.Geoph....7.1.3.3.Seasonal.c.hangesTinvtransp.ort38.mid-latitude.......Vin.............2.3.5.Arctic.(A.....tifying.to11w1.43.1StudyingbalancetranspLMSort.in.to51thewithLMSLI-COR-6251...........26.Dev.t.a.ten.hannel.HA...............2812Theory1.4.1dopingUsing.tracer.measuremen.ts.to.study.transp.ort.pro.cesses.in.the.atmosphere28.Implemen.the.tec.for.HA.instrumen.29.Necessary.hanges.c.I.due.use.puretsas.carrier..........................13.1.4.2.T.racer.measuremen2.3ts.in.the.LMS.region.........................132.3.11.5M55Quanysicatifying.transp.ort.in.to.the.LMS..Outline.of.this.thesis37.ENVISA.mid-latitude.and.alidation..15.2.Measuremen2.3.3tsT17v2.1campaignThe.High.Altitude.Gas.Analyser:.A2.3.4generaltersoldescription.................17.2.1.1.The.GC-ECD-System45.APE.T.V.Campaign.V.......49.Quan.transp.in.the.lo.ermost.51.A.mass.for.high-latitude......19.2.1.2.CO.Convmeasuremen2
.Con.ten.tsA.53.2.Setting.up.a.mass.balance.linear.equationConclusionssystem..Sa.......4.3.4.of..........52the3.3.Suitable.tracers............2002.............118...4.4.1...........137..................53oten3.4.Determiningtropthe.b141oundary.conditions....t.......July.......ts.....Octob.......of..58.3.4.1.Separatingconditionsdata:.V121ortex,.mid-latitude.stratosphere,.trop.osphere.59.3.4.2.T.rop133osphericdeviationb.oundaryProgressioncondition......Median.........................14163y3.4.3.The.v.ortex.b.oundary.condition..t.............4.3.3.July.............t.200264.3.4.4.The.stratospheric.b.oundary4.3.5conditionJuly...........4.3.6.igh.............Assessmen68.3.4.5.Boundary.conditions.for.H.vi..Otime.the.......Results...............124..........70.3.5.Normalization.of5theMathematicaltracerMean,datadeviation.....137.errors.............137.................138.y72.3.6.Sensitivit.y.of.the.calculation.tomethoerrors.in.the.b.oundary.conditions....B74Ertels3.7vResultsPVof.the.mass.balance.calculation..B.2.................Equiv..............791423.7.1.EuPLEx........108.Fligh.of.18,.......................109.Fligh.of.22,................80.3.7.2.A.V115CSummary.all.igh.....................118.The.er.ts.........................4.4.t.mixing..86.3.7.3.Comparison.with.CLaMS.results..............121.Spring.initial.in.LMS..........91.3.84.4.2Conclusions................................4.5................................921304SummaryAAcut-obasicsloA.1wstandardoandvfromermeanEurop.e.95.4.1.MeteorologicalA.2situationofo.v.er.Italy.in.July.and.Octob.er.2002..........A.395lter4.2.T.racer.measuremen.ts.during.July.and.Octob.er.2002............A.4.vitzky-Gola.lter....101.4.3.T.ra.jectory.analysis............138.Newton's.d.............................138.Denitions.B.1.p.tial.orticit105-4.3.1.Fligh.t.of.July.13,.2002..........141.The.opause..............................105B.34.3.2alenFlighlatitudet.of.July.15,.2002.....................2
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..HA.....wledgemen...Latitude.................2002...List.......of.Calculating.....GAR.......V..142.B.5.Delta.theta..Bibliograph.....HA.......the.....CO2...C.7.......T.....tersol.......APE.....Analysis.......E.2..142.B.6.Delta.NListcriterium191OVitae.......149.standard.............C.5.of.ts.....153.precision.ts.......of.measuremen.........D.159.and.alidation..143.B.7.DeltaD.2Nash.B.4.vii.ts.ten......163.T.Campaign.......E.E.1...............er.................gures.tables.181.c143199B.8.The.CLaMS.mo.del........C.4.GAR.gases.........................150.Calculating.precision.GC.measuremen..........143.B.9C.6Ttheraofjectoriesmeasuremen.............155.Precision.the.GAR.ts.................155.HA.data.D.1.est.Mid.V.Campaigns..........145.C159HAVinGAREuPLExinstrumen.tal.issues.147.C.1.Calculation.of.doping.gas.o.w.and.mixing.ratio..D.3.ENVISA.Arctic.alidation...............166147MeteorologicalC.2169NJulyCon........O.con.tamination.problem..................169.Octob.2002........................147.C.3.CAL.gas172driftofcorrection175.of.179.y.Zusammenfassung.A.kno.ts.Curriculum.203.inAbstractinSinceellingtheindiscoacrossvconnectederyairoftracerstheseasonalitozonetropholetrop[jets,Fortarmantheseetyal.region,and1985],WhilethethedynamicsinofIsenthetropstratospherets,andeltstheregion,transpusefulortlivofofantracersthropthesis,ogenictotraceVingasesbalancefromSTEtheetsurfaceellingtoisenthecesshigher(TST)atmospherethehasiscomeortinintodisturbthefolds,fopcusvofwintoterest.toInintheanalysetropics,proairSincerisesthanhighproinin,toistheconstratospheresucander-isintransphemi-ortedTpcarbolewtheseard.climateTarace[gases,likwnestratosphericthe380CFeCst1win,transpphotoimpcmer,hemicallywnstabletheinwthetrans-troptheosphere,oarewherethisusandtransptroportedevintaltoandregionsarmwhereortheycut-oareAphotolyzed.ductionThethepromethoductsatmosphericofgivthe1.photolysisolreactionsmotions(eg.transpCl,areBr)traceinlifetimesteractareintimethetranspcatalytictheyozoneolvcyclesdistributionandtheleaddeterminedtoInenhancedofozonetsdepletion.long-livRegardingeretheandtransptransporttheofthetraceDuringgases,andthealidationso-called1lo1wofermostregionsstratospherethe(LMS)system.isexhibitsastrongvyeryHoltoninal.teresting1995].region,dowherewtheoftropairospheretheandKthetropstratosphereisdirectlydominaninproteractinandter,airosphere-to-stratospheremassesortoutgainsofortancebsum-othwhenregionsdoarewmixed.fromItstratosphereisonlytheeak.lotropicwpestacrosspartextra-tropicalofopausetheccursstratosphereregionsbtheetopausewstronglyeenedtheistroptoopauseopauseandstreamertheen380fronKzones,isenolartropsubtropicale.wTconropeyosphericbairandcanloensystems.tershortthistroregionindirectlySTE,viaLMSisenandtropicdstranspstudyorttranspacrossistheenextra-tropicalChaptertropOneopausetowhereastostratospherictheairofdescendsandacrossortthecesses380long-Kedisengases.troptheeofviatracersthelongermeanthemeridionalscalecirculation.theStratosphere-troportospherecessesexcarehangev(STE)edconthetrolsoftheincatmospherehemicalmostlycompbositiondynamics.ofthethetextLMSthisasmeasuremenwofellhasedofwtheptropformedopauseusedregionstudyandortthtousLMShasinannorthernimpsphere.ortanthettersol/EuPLExeectENVISAonvthecampaignsradiativwin-eChlorouoroandonschemical2 4 2 6
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olartracersgasO,sucCHys:edmass,measuremenCFisC-12,advCFofC-11,eH-1211,theHEuroplong-livgiv,LMSSFtro-2003,380andofCOsourceterofwO,eretranspmeasuredpresenwithciatedtheofHighinAltitudetoGasbasicallyAnalysert(HAtranspGAR),doamiddletc)wsubsidenceovceachannelwithin-situygasthecdistincthromatographCFcomtarybinedhwithanda3.COloAbstractstreamerinstrumenobservt,tbasedtheon,non-5.dispLMSersivthatetersinfraredthreeabsorption.wComquasi-isenbinedfromwithosphere,measuremenwtsfromtakthroughensurfaceduringthecam-ortexpaignsairinpFForli/Italyoriginating(ENVISAofTarevsim-alidation)calculationinobservJulysubsetandoOctobecieser(N2002,htracerH-1211,dataOwtserefromgatheredDetailsfrombalancetheresultstropinopausetheupcampaignstosystemaltitudesanaroundv20wkmTheduringev25theighratiostsareon4.bsummaryoardintheinRussianthehigh-altitudeitaircraftassumedM55airGeophenysica.theThviaus,dierenapathsubstanatiala)settropicoforthighthequalitpyb)tracerwndataardhasectionbtheeenstratosphereobtainedthecoKvanderingintheppvolarregionvofortexfromregiontheasolarwortex.ellractionsasairtheinmidhlatitudestheseofregionsthedeterminednorthernahemisphere.pleChapterbalance2bgivusingesationsanaoofvaberviewvofspthewithHAlifetimesGARasinstrumenCHt,andC-11,necessaryHNand)comple-improyieldingvmenemenconstraintsonoforttheeacinstrumenregion.talofsetmassupcalculation(implementhetingareatedCHChapter2Duringinmid-latitudeorl?tpassingaFcthehannel)ofthatcut-owwereassopwitherformedelongatedinotheerconetextasofed.thisimpactsthesis,thisandenreviewondatatracepromixingcessing,intheLMSmeasuremenexaminedtChaptercampaigns.FinallyInaorderistoenstudyChaptertransport